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v o l u m e o n e chapter 4 space planning and development needs | 69

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space planning and development needs

chapter 4space planning anddevelopment needs

V O L U M E O N E

chapter 4The strongest principle

of growth lies in the human choice.

G e o R G e e l I o T


IN tHIS CHaPteR

land use

Projected Growth

Accommodating new Growth

4A key step in the creation of a long range plan for the uW campus is to quantify and understand the supply and demand for developable space. This chapter begins with a review of existing uses on-campus which helps establish a baseline for determining future land needs. The outcome of this discussion can help inform the preferred scenario of campus growth and expansion.

space planning anddevelopment needs

chapter 4

72 | U n i v e r s i t y o f W y o m i n g long range development plan

Land UseThere are several uses on-campus, each with different physical characteristics, lo-cation considerations, and space needs. The following fi ndings summarize the results of several analyses looking at the long term projected space needs for aca-demic and support functions, research, housing, athletics and recreation, and service/maintenance. each of the follow-ing land uses includes the land area used for open space and the circulation system. Additional analysis can be found in vol-ume II.

table 4.1 existing land uses

land useland area

acres

academic and Support 60.0

Research/business 6.9

Campus apartments 46.0

athletics and Recreation 41.0

Service and Maintenance 15.5

ACADEmIC AND SUppoRt The university’s academic core is located on West Campus. In addition to aca-demic facilities, the academic core also includes administrative offi ces, research laboratories, student support facilities and recreation space. West Campus com-prises approximately 60 acres (2.6 mil-lion square feet) of land. Approximately half of the area (30 acres) is occupied by a variety of open spaces and pathways.

top lEft:

Washakie Cafeteria

top mIDDlE:

West Campus academics

top RIgHt:

UW basketball

Bottom RIgHt:

Service Building

Parking andCirculation20%

Open Spaceand Pathways50%

BuildingFootprints30%

total: 2,600,000 sq ft

open Space and pathways: 1,300,000 sq ft

Building footprints:750,000 sq ft

parking and Circulation:500,000 sq ft

FIGURe 4.1 Academic Core


nearly 20 percent of the land area (12 acres) is used for surface parking and vehicular circulation. The remaining 30 percent of land on the West Campus (24 acres) is covered with building footprints.

A space utilization analysis determined ex-isting classroom utilization to be 23 hours per week at 64% seat fill, compared with targets that are often 30 hours per week at 60% seat fill, or even higher (see vol-ume III for full results). The teaching labo-ratories averaged 13 hours per week at 70% seat fill with several rooms included that would be better classified elsewhere. For a land grant university with engineer-ing and agriculture programs, 16 hours per week at 70% seat fill is a reasonable target for teaching laboratory utilization.

The university of Wyoming had more than average amounts of space in a comparison with ten flagship universities from around the country. The university of Wyoming was at approximately the 75th percentile. The relatively small student population at the university of Wyoming may require somewhat more square foot-

age per student because of certain types of spaces that are needed at a given size regardless of the student body. examples of these spaces are student services, performance facilities and laboratories, which have fewer sections of a particular course than at larger universities.

The analysis by college in the study showed Business, engineering, and Health and Social Services at the top of the benchmark list on a space per student basis. The numbers for Agriculture and natural Resources and Arts and Sciences were above the midpoint. education was below the median, while law had the least space per student of those compared.

RESEARCH/BUSINESSThe only stand alone building in the cam-pus research portfolio is the Wyoming Technology Business Center (WTBC) near the corner of Harney Street and 22nd Street. The total land area in use by the WTBC is approximately 300,000 square feet. of that land, approximately half is devoted to open space, landscaping, and pathways. The other half (150,000

top lEft:

Academics

top RIgHt:

Campus apartments

Bottom lEft:

Wyoming Technology Business Center

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square feet) is split evenly between build-ing footprints and circulation/parking.

CAmpUS ApARtmENtSThe university-provided apartments cur-rently occupy approximately 2 million square feet of land. of that area, approxi-mately two-fi fths (800,000 square feet) is open space and pathways. Building foot-

prints account for only 16% (300,000 square feet) of the land area with the re-maining 46% (900,000 square feet) used for parking, streets, and other vehicular circulation.

AtHlEtICS AND RECREAtIoNThe athletics area is just over 1.8 million square feet of land. open

top lEft:

War Memorial Stadium and parking lot

top RIgHt:

UW Women’s Soccer

Bottom RIgHt:

Service and Maintenance facilities




total: 62,000 sq ft

open Space and pathways: 31,000 sq ft










FIGURe 4.2 Research/Business FIGURe 4.3 Apartments


space areas are also found within the ath-letics and recreation land use. When out-door athletics facilities are included (such as the outdoor track and soccer fi eld), open spaces and pathways account for the largest percentage of land at 41 per-cent of the total area (750,000 square feet). Parking and vehicular circulation account for another 630,000 square feet

(35%) of land area with the remaining 435,000 square feet (24%) covered with building footprints.

The recreation area is nearly 4.5 million square feet of east Campus. The vast majority of this land area is devoted to outdoor recreation fi elds with nearly 4.1 million square feet of space (91%). Ap-proximately 380,000 square feet (8%) is devoted to parking and vehicular cir-culation with just 37,000 square feet (1%) covered by building footprints. The recreation area does not include the golf course which would add an additional six million square feet.

SERvICE AND mAINtENANCEWhen all building footprints, parking and vehicular access, and open space, land-scaping, and pathways are considered, the service and maintenance area com-prises approximately 15.5 acres of land (677,000 square feet). Approximately 2.3 acres of this area is the soil manage-ment area east of Jacoby Golf Course, leaving approximately 13.2 acres of land

lEft:

Cheney International Center

RIgHt:

UW student in Prexy’s PastureParking andCirculation35%







FIGURe 4.4 Athletics/Recreation

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(575,000 square feet) in use by service and maintenance on the portion of cam-pus west of 30th Street.

Projected GrowthThe amount of development needed to accommodate the uW student popula-

tion is based on estimated student en-rollments. The 2008 fall semester had a student enrollment of 9,999 students on the laramie campus and 13,099 students enrolled throughout the entire system. If the student body grows one percent per year, the laramie campus would need to

table 4.2 Space needs for Academic and Support Space

2030 asf growth

space category guideline factorcurrent

asfguideline

asf1% growth

rate3% growth

rate

Classrooms 16 ASF/Student FTe 181,980 146,608 177,660 262,970

teaching laboratories 23 ASF/Student FTe 209,515 183,260 280,644 415,406

Open laboratories 3 ASF/Student FTe 20,428 27,489 33,311 49,307

Office and Conference 225 ASF/Faculty & Staff FTe 689,178 632,475 771,525 1,138,500

libraries 30 ASF/Student FTe 270,343 270,343 333,112 493,068

Special Use 40 ASF/Student FTe 365,315 365,315 444,149 657,424

General Use 33 ASF/Student FTe 300,520 300,520 366,423 542,375

Support Space 31 ASF/Student FTe 286,864 286,864 344,216 509,504

total 2,324,143 2,212,874 2,751,039 4,068,554

Surplus/Deficit 111,269 426,896 1,744,411

ABovE:

Merica Hall

space planning and development needs


serve approximately 12,200 students in 20 years. If the student population grows three percent annually for the same 20-year period, the laramie campus may serve just over 18,000 students.

An analysis conducted with campus lead-ership suggests it may be feasible for the university of Wyoming to increase its re-search awards from approximately $76 million in the most recently tabulated fiscal year to $120 million. This would translate to approximately $100 million in annu-alized expenditures. Research guideline analysis suggests there would be a need for 162,000 additional ASF of research facilities to accommodate that level of re-search growth.

Based on these two growth projection ap-proaches, the uW campus will need an additional 750,000 to 2.5 million gross square feet of built space to serve students in the next 20 years. Considering existing land use and development patterns, the campus is well suited to handle the pro-jected growth. A combination of space

reclassification, improved space manage-ment, and facility enhancements will de-crease the need for new space through more efficient use of existing facilities. With more efficient use of existing space and strategic land acquisitions, uW will be able to accommodate future space needs well beyond the lRDP planning ho-rizon. However, the location, design and organization of new development will be a critical factor in accommodating this growth, strengthening the overall charac-ter of campus, and attracting the best and brightest students, faculty, and staff.

The lRDP process included an analysis of existing and future campus housing. Key findings and recommendations are based on feedback collected from inter-views with university administrators and students, enrollment forecasts, student sur-vey data and an assessment of off-cam-pus student housing options and housing at peer institutions. Regarding existing campus housing, the analysis revealed a need to improve the design and ameni-

ABovE:

UW Power Plant along Harney


ties provided. It was also determined that only 15% of freshmen residents return to on-campus housing as sophomores. exist-ing and potential students are seeking a greater range of housing options includ-ing traditional configuration shared dor-mitory rooms, single and double rooms in semi-suites, private bedrooms in suites and private bedrooms in apartments.

Several recommendations were identified to diversify the offerings of uW campus housing. First of all, uW should continue with current plans to renovate White Hall into suite-style units. In addition, Crane

and Hill Halls should be replaced or renovated and re-configured to better ap-peal to freshmen and sophomores. The Summit view Apartments site should be redeveloped in a new configuration. Four-bedroom, quad occupancy apartment units with two full-bathrooms would be an attractive addition to the campus hous-ing inventory for single upper-division students and a small number of gradu-ate students. Still, single students who participated in focus groups reported a very strong preference for living close to what they perceive as the academic core on West Campus. Development of mixed-

table 4.3 Space needs model for Research laboratories

college

historical percentage

of total awards

asf per $100,000 of

research expenditures

$76 million(existing) $100 million $120 million

agriculture 27.6% 508 81,268 111,888 134,265

arts & Sciences 35.7% 577 119,524 145,017 174,020

business 0.3% 0 0 0 0

education 1.7% 76 757 996 1,195

engineering 19.3% 613 68,484 78,154 93,785

Health Sciences 15.4% 63 5,622 8,944 10,732

law 0.02% 0 0 0 0

Subtotal/average 100.0% 475 275,655 344,999 413,997

Non-College 144 35,930 50,029 60,034

total/average 375 311,585 395,028 474,031

Surplus/Deficit 83,443 162,446

target research awards

ABovE:

Hill Hall


use facilities with attractive amenities may help overcome objections to the location. Finally, the university should consider ei-ther disposing of or repositioning Spanish Walk apartments.

The university should also evaluate if cam-pus housing for non-traditional students is paramount to achieve university goals. Providing institutional quality housing in a by-the-apartment business environment is financially challenging. Thus, the uW may want to collaborate at arm’s length with private businesses and the commu-nity – which may be able to build less ex-pensively – to achieve desired housing op-tions for this group. The university should consider maintaining the management of all by-the-bed units and outsourcing the management of all by-the-apartment units.

Accommodating New GrowthAs student enrollment continues to grow, the university will need to ensure there is adequate space to meet the projected need. As mentioned above, using both conservative and aggressive estimates from the above discussions, the uW cam-pus will experience growth ranging from 750,000 to 2.5 million gross square feet of built space. Table 4.4 summarizes a simple set of calculations to determine the development potential of all land use opportunity areas presented above. If the university utilized all of the land identified as opportunity areas at a similar rate to existing mature areas of campus, approxi-mately 75 percent of the land will be used for parking, vehicular circulation, open space, and pathways. The remaining 2.5

table 4.4 uW Development Potential

total Opportunity areas (square feet) 10,095,000

average Site Coverage Rate (gross sq. ft.) 25%

estimated Site Coverage 2,525,000

low Intensity Average Floors 2

Total Gross Square Footage 5,050,000

low/Medium Intensity (existing)

Average Floors 3


Medium/High Intensity Average Floors 4


ABovE:

Summit View Apartments

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million square feet would be occupied by buildings. An average development in-tensity of two to three floors results in a development capacity ranging from 5-7.5 million square feet.

ABovE:

Balance of open space, buildings and circulation

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