chapter 4 values and attitudes

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Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed Chapter 4 Values and Attitudes

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Chapter 4 Values and Attitudes. Values and Attitudes. If you want to understand a person’s behavior, you must understand his or her human values . Values and Attitudes. Values are basic convictions (notions) about what is right and wrong, good or bad, acceptable or unacceptable. . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Chapter 4Values and Attitudes

Page 2: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values and Attitudes

If you want to understand a person’s behavior, you must understand his or her human values.

Page 3: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values and Attitudes

Values are basic convictions (notions) about what is right and wrong, good or bad, acceptable or unacceptable.

Values are ideals that shape and give significance to our lives. They are reflected through the priorities that we choose, and the decisions we make and actions we take.

Page 4: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values and Attitudes

Importance of values – Values generally influence attitudes and behavior.

Value system is a hierarchy based on a ranking of an individual’s values.

Page 5: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values and Attitudes

Source of our Value Systems ** A significant portion, 40 to 50

percent, is genetically determined from our parents.

Other factors include nationalism, culture, parents, teachers, friends, and similar environmental influences.

Page 6: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values and Attitudes Values are relatively stable and enduring.

If we know an individual’s values, we are better able to predict a behavior in a particular situation.

Page 7: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values Priority

Control/Order/Discipline

Care/Nurture

75%

25%

25%

75%

Page 8: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values Values differ between

generations. Values differ between

regions. Values differ between

cultures.

Page 9: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Types of Values Terminal (Goal) values are

the end-state we hope to achieve in life. (A way of being)

Instrumental (Means) values are means of achieving these terminal values. (A way of doing)

Integration of Means values is accomplished through Skills learning

Page 10: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Terminal and Instrumental Values in Rokeach Value Survey

Terminal (Goal) values A comfortable life An exciting life A sense of accomplishment A world at peace Equality Family security Freedom Happiness Inner harmony Mature love National security Pleasure Salvation Self-respect Social recognition True friendship Wisdom

Instrumental (Means) values Ambitious Broad-minded Capable Cheerful Clean Courageous Forgiving Helpful Honest Imaginative Independent Intellectual Logical Loving Obedient Polite Responsible Self-controlled

Page 11: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

AVC Values Theory

Page 12: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Values Based Organizational Change Process

Page 13: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Attitudes Attitudes have three evaluative

components: Cognitive component of an attitude is

the opinion or belief segment (values clusters) of an attitude.

Affective component is the emotion or feeling segment of an attitude. (life experiences)

Behavioral component is the intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something. (Social experiences)

Page 14: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Attitudes Sources of Attitudes:

Acquired from parents, teachers, and peer group members.

There are “genetic” predispositions. Observations, attitudes that we imitate. * Attitudes are less stable than values.

* Cognitive dissonance is a conflict between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes.

Page 15: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Job-Related Attitudes Job involvement

Extent that a person identifies with his job.

** Organizational commitment Extent that a person identifies with the

organization. This is a great predictor for turnover.

Job satisfaction A person’s general attitude toward

work.

Page 16: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Attitude Reactions

Active

Passive

ConstructiveDestructive

Loyalty

Exit

Neglect

Voice

Page 17: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Attitude Point # 1 It is our attitude that tells the

world what we expect in return. A cheerful expectant attitude communicates to everyone we come in contact with that we EXPECT THE BEST in our dealings with our customers.

Attitude (Values clusters and value priorities) define our world view

Page 18: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Attitude Point # 2

It is our attitude toward life that determines life’s attitude toward us. A simple cause and effect.

It is your attitude toward others that determines other’s attitude toward you.

Attitudes are developmental and can change with learning skills

Page 19: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Attitude Point # 3

To achieve and find the life you want, you must think, act, talk, and conduct yourself as would the person you want to become. For example, if one wants to be

successful, he or she must think, act, talk, and conduct himself as would a successful person. (Skills building)

Page 20: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Attitude Point # 4

The higher you go up in any organization of value, the greater the attitude you will find. (Worth to the organization)

A great attitude is not the result of success; rather success is the result of a great attitude.

Page 21: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Finally!!

“The greatest discovery of my generation is that a human being can alter his life by changing his attitude.”

William James

And so it is with you – you are in charge of your attitude.

Page 22: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Summary

Values are the basic notion/convictions of what is right and wrong and core values are fairly stable over time.

Attitudes have three components: cognitive component. affective component. behavioral component.

Page 23: Chapter  4 Values and Attitudes

Parts taken from Human Behavior 2ed

Summary Cognitive dissonance is a

conflict between two values or between values and behavior.

Attitudes (value clusters) are feelings and moods that affect behavior and may change frequently.