chapter 5 mineral identification. physical properties properties that can be measured. ex) color,...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 5
Mineral Identification
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Physical Properties
Properties that can be measured.
Ex) color, texture, shape, density
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Physical Properties of a MineralHardness
A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
Soft mineral: Talc
Hard mineral: Diamond
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Moh’s Scale of Hardness
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Luster
• The way a mineral reflects light
• Can be metallic or non-metallic
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Streak
• The color of a mineral in powdered form
• The mineral is rubbed across an unglazed porcelain tile (streak plate)
• Only works for minerals that are softer than the streak plate
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Cleavage
Minerals that break along smooth flat surfaces
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Fracture
Minerals that break along uneven, rough or jagged edges
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ColorGood starting indicator but not good when used by itself
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Other Properties
• Some minerals have special properties
• Magnetite-
attracted to magnets
• Calcite-
produces a double image
fizzes when HCl is applied
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Other Properties• Fluorescence
– Glow when viewed under ultraviolet light– Examples: fluorite, calcite
• Phosphorescence– Will continue to glow even after the ultraviolet
light is removed– Examples: sphalerite, Willemite
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Other Properties• Radiation
– Give off subatomic particles that can be detected by a Geiger counter
– Exposure is dangerous to living organisms– Examples: carnotite, uraninite