chapter 5 roman empire part i

8/14/2019 Chapter 5 Roman Empire Part I

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Chapter Five RomanEmpire

600 B.C. A.D. 500


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Welcome to Ancient Rome: Video


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The Roman

Empire


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All roads

lead to Rome


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Building Roman Roads slaves at work.


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United by

Great Roadsystem


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Click the mouse button or press theSpace Bar to display the answers.

large flat stones concretegravel and sand
http://opt/scribd/conversion/tmp/scratch3/fscstart%20/gwh%20/3%20101


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Introduced standard coinage

throughout the Empire


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Enforced

standardweights and

measurementsthroughout

theEmpire


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Italy is a peninsula about 750miles long

Apennine (A PUN NAY)

Mountains run down the

center

Not rugged like in Greece,provides Good Farming


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The Land and Peoples of ItalyThe Land and Peoples of Italy

3 important fertile plains ideal forfarming are along the Po Riveralong the Po River;the plain of Latiumthe plain of Latium, where Rome

is located; and theplain ofplain ofCampaniaCampania, south of Latium.

farmland allowed it to support alarge population.


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Etruscans

Greeks

Carthaginians


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Daily Life in Ancient Rome


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The Impact of Geography

Rome located 18 milesinland on the Tiber River

Easy access to the sea butsafe from pirates

Built on 7 hills


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The Impact of Geography

Italian peninsula was anatural stopping point for

trade & travelCenter of Mediterranean

Travel

Turn to page 149, Voices from the Past


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Romans:Romans:

For all their war, not one puts on a crown,but instead builds a senate where they

consider the best for all people.


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e omane omanRepublicRepublicEarly Rome ruled by kings, some

Etruscan

509 B.C. overthrew the last

Etruscan kingRepublic a form ofgovernment in which the leaderis not a monarch & certaincitizens have the right to vote

R V l &Roman Val es &


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Roman Values &Roman Values &

VirtuesVirtues

3 virtues:

duty, courage & discipline

LivyRoman historianwrote ofCincinnatus


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W y Rome Wasy ome as


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W y Rome Wasy ome asSuccessful?Successful?

1. Good diplomats2. Extending Romancitizenship & allowing states

to run internal affairs

3. Skilled persistent soldiers &

brilliant strategists

Wh R WWh R W


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Why Rome WasWhy Rome Was

Successful?Successful?4. Built towns connectedby roads

5. Soldiers were deployed

quickly6. Law & politics: Romanwere practical &

created institutions thatresponded to problems


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Roman Soldiers!

Th Bi h f R


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The Birth of Rome


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VIDEO:

Building an EmpireBuilding an Empire

Size, Culture, Customs, Pompeii,Technology, Religion, Laws, War


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The Government ofThe Government of

RomeRomeTwo groups:1. Patricians great landowners,

who became Romes ruling class

2. Plebeians landholders,craftspeople, merchants & small

farmers*Only patricians elected to public

office


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Patriciancarrying

busts of hisancestors

in a parade

e overnmen oe overnmen o


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e overnmen oe overnmen oRomeRome

Chief executive officersConsuls (2) ran the

government & led theRoman army into battle

Praetors in charge ofcivil law

e overnmen oe overnmen o


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e overnmen oe overnmen oRomeRome

Senate, about 300patricians served for life

Centuriate assembly,elected consuls & praetors

& passed lawsOrganized by classes based

on wealth


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Roman LawRoman Law

First code of law:Twelve TablesTwelve Tables

Law of Nations : Issues ofRoman and Non-Romancitizenship

Standards of justice applied toall people equally & used

principles recognized today


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Law of NationsLaw of Nations

Innocent until provenotherwise

The accused has a right toa defense before a judge

Judges should decidecases based on evidence


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Punic Wars Rome Becomes PowerfulPunic Wars Rome Becomes Powerful

Rome Conquers the Mediterranean


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Rome faced a strong power inthe MediterraneanCarthage.

Founded by the Phoenicians around 800 B.C. on

the coast of North Africa, Carthage had a largetrading empire in the western Mediterranean.

The presence of Carthaginians in Sicily worried

the Romans. The two groups began a long struggle in 264

B.C. for control of the Mediterranean area.


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Rome Conquers the Mediterranean(cont.)

The First Punic War Romans realized that to win the war

they needed a large navy, which they

built. Rome defeated Carthages navy, and

in 241 B.C. Carthage gave up its rightsto Sicily and paid money to Rome.

Sicily became Romes first province.

Video: 1st Punic War


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Video: 1 Punic War


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1st Punic

War Rome Conquers the Mediterranean


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Carthage wanted revenge.

Hannibal, the greatest Carthaginiangeneral, began the Second Punic War,which lasted from 218 to 201 B.C.

To take the war to Rome, Hannibalentered Spain, moved east, and thencrossed the Alps with a large army,including a large number of horses and37 battle elephants.

Many soldiers and animals died during thecrossing, but Rome was still under a real threat.


Vid H ib l R


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Video: Hannibals Revenge


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Video: 2nd Punic War


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Video: 2 Punic War



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At the Battle of Cannae, Rome lost

40 thousand men. In response, Rome raised another army. Meanwhile, Hannibal roamed throughout Italy

but could not successfully attack the majorcities. In a brilliant move, Rome attacked Carthage,

forcing the recall of Hannibal. At the Battle of Zama, Rome crushed

Hannibals forces. Spain became a Roman province, and Rome

controlled the western Mediterranean.



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Hannibal

Th D f f H ib l h B lTh D f t f H ib l t th B ttl


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The Defeat of Hannibal at the BattleThe Defeat of Hannibal at the Battle

of Zamaof Zama

Video: Battle of Zama


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Video: Battle of Zama



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50 years later, the Romans fought

the Third Punic War. In 146 B.C., Roman soldiers sacked

Carthage. 50 thousand men, women, and

children were sold into slavery. The territory of Carthage became a

Roman province called Africa.

o e Co que s t e ed te a ea(cont.)


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Hannibal famously crossed the Alps withelephants to be used in battle. Few of themsurvived the trip, but some did. What do you thinkthe reaction was of the Roman soldiers toelephants in battle?

q(cont.)

The few elephants that survived terrified the

Romans, as one could imagine on beingfaced with a charging elephant. Who knowshow history would have been different if all

of Hannibals elephants had survived?


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Ruins ofCarthage

Romes new


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Romes newempire

chapter 5 roman empire part i

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