chapter 7 ben bielskis wan wide area network connects lans over a large geographical area. wan link...
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Chapter 7Ben Bielskis
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WAN
Wide Area Network Connects LANs over a large
geographical area. WAN Link – A connection from one
site to another.
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PSTN
Public Switched Telephone Network
Also known as POTS. (Plain Old Telephone Service)
PSTN is adequate for most dial-up connections to LANs.
Doesn’t have the ability to ensure quality or throughput required by many WAN applications.
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Modem
Modulator/Demodulator Converts digital pulses into analog
signals for the PSTN.
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POP
Point of Presence The place where two telephone
systems meet.
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ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network International standard for
transmitting data over digital lines.
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TE
Terminal equipment ISDN devices that may include
cards or simply standalone devices to connect computers to an ISDN line.
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TA
Terminal Adapter Converts digital signals into analog
signals for use with ISDN phones and other analog devices.
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DSL
Digital Subscriber Lines Uses data modulation techniques
to achieve extraordinary throughput over regular phone lines.
Data modulation is when one signal alters the frequency.
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Upstream/Downstream
Upstream refers to data traveling from the customer to the carrier’s POP.
Downstream refers to data traveling from the carrier’s POP to the customer.
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Symmetrical/Asymmetrical
Asymmetrical is a technology that offers more throughput in one direction than in the other.
Symmetrical provides equal capacity for data traveling both upstream and downstream.
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T-carriers
A collection of T1, fractional T1, and T3 lines.
As a networking professional you will most likely work with T1 and T3 lines.
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CSU/DSU
Channel Service Unit/Data Service Unit
The connection point for a T1 line at the customer’s site.
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Multiplexer
A device that combines multiple voice or data channels on one line.
Devices that connect to the multiplexer are known as terminal equipment.
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Routers and Bridges
On T1 networks they consist of Routers, Bridges, or the combination of the two.
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FDDI
Fiber Distributed Data Interface The networking standard originally
specified by ANSI in the mid 1980’s and later refined by ISO.
Uses dual fiber-optic ring to transmit data at speeds of 100 Mbps.
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CIR
Committed information rate A minimum amount of bandwidth
guaranteed by the service provider.
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ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode A WAN transmission method that
relies on a fixed packet size to achieve data transfer rates from 25 to 622 Mbps.
Applications that benefit from ATM technology are those that are time sensetive.
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SONET
Synchronous Optical Network Provides data transfer rates from
64 Kbps to 2.4 Gbps using the same TDM technique used by T-carriers.
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VPN
Virtual Private Network Long-distance networks logically
defined over public transmission systems that serve all of an organization’s users, but isolate that organization’s traffic from other users of the same public lines.
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Dial-up networking
Refers to the process of dialing into a LAN’s access server or to an ISP.