chapter 7-campaign for reforms-kyna b. david

7/25/2019 Chapter 7-Campaign for Reforms-kyna b. David

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CAMPAIGN FOR

REFORMS

KYNA B. DAVID


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CAMPAIGN FORREFORMS

The unjust execution of GOMBURZA was the

turning point in the Philippines history, for it

ushere in the new era ! the refor"

"o#e"ent$ Reali%ing the anger of fighting

for their cause on the ho"e front, the sons of

the wealthy an the well&to&o 'ilipino

fa"ilies "igrate to (urope to )reathe the freeat"osphere of the ol worl$ The 'ilipino

intellectuals secretly colla)orate with those in

*pain an foune nationalistic societies$


4/50

Propaganda Movement

Propagandais a concerte set of "essages ai"e at

influencing the opinions or )eha#ior of large nu")ers of

people$

Ai" of the Propagana "o#e"ent+

t a#ocate the "oerate ai"s of legal e-uality

)etween *paniars an 'ilipinos

Philippine representation in the *panish .ortes

/parlia"ent0free speech an association, secular pu)lic schools

an en to the annual o)ligation of force la)or$


5/50

Propaganda Movement

'actors that ga#e )irth to Philippine

1ationalis"+

The influx of li)eral ieas /fro" a)roa0

The *panish Re#olution /23430

The opening of the *ue% .anal /23450

T6( MART7R8OM O' 'AT6(R*GOM(Z, BURGO* A18 ZAMORA


6/50

Propaganda Movement

Peaceful crusae or

ca"paign for refor"s$

t was organi%e an

participate )y theillustrados$

8r$ 9ose Ri%al, Marcelo

6$ el Pilar an

Graciano :ope% 9aena

are the leaers of the

sai "o#e"ent$

Illustrados


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Propaganda Movement

Rise of the Propagana "o#e"ent+

t )egan in 23;


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Propaganda Movement

The Propagana "o#e"ent ser#e as a

punctuating perio of noniolent, literary

agitation for inepenence )etween the .a#ite

Mutiny an the for"ation of the =atipunan,"a>ing the )eginning of re#olutionary

nationalis", it was not so "uch a well ! >nit

organi%ation or a "o#e"ent, as a cu"ulati#epheno"enon that witnesse the rise of prolific

nationalists writers for" all strata of Philippine

society )ut "ostly fro" "ile class, eucate

fa"ilies$


9/50

Propaganda Movement

Accoring to so"e Philippine historians, the

Propaganists inclue a whole expectru" of writers

of e#ery persuasion+

Marcelo el Pilar

Anres Bonifacio

Apolinario Ma)ini

9ose A$ 8i%on

Pero Paterno

'elix 6ialgo

Antonio Ma$ Regior

:ope%& 9aena


10/50

Propaganda Movement

9ose Ri%al

Mariano Ponce

Antonio :una

9ose Ma$ Pangani)an sa)elo elos Reyes

An a host of (uropean sy"phati%ers incluing

8r$ 'erinan Blue"entritt, an Austrian frien ofRi%al, 8on Miguel Morayte, a *panish Professor,

8on 9uan Rui% Zorilla, hea of the Repu)lican

Progressi#e party in Mari, 8on ("ilio 9unoy, a

"e")er of *panish .ortes$


11/50

Propaganda Movement

The Propagandists Patriots who wage their"o#e"ent )y "eans of pen

an tongue to expose the

efects of *panish rule in

the Philippines an theurgency of refor"s to

re"ey the"$

They were scions of goo

fa"ilies, highly intelligent,eucate, patriotic, an

courageous, who

sy")oli%e the flower of

'ilipino "anhoo$


12/50

Propaganda Movement

Graciano Lopez Jaena

The greatest orator of

the PropaganaMo#e"ent

:eft the Philippines for

*pain in 233? after

pu)lishing a satiricalno#el, 'ray Boto

/'ather 'atso0


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Propaganda Movement


n 2335 he starte the

newspaper, Laolidaridad

/*oliarity0, that

circulate )oth in *pain

an the Philippines anwas the "eiu" of the

Propagana Mo#e"ent$


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Propaganda Movement

!arcelo del Pilar @as acti#e in the anti&

friar "o#e"ent$ 6e fle

to *pain in 2333 an

)eca"e editor o" Laolidaridad

A lawyer an a journalist

Belo#e )y "asses forhis elo-uent Tagalog an

fearless efense of the

poor against friar

a)uses$


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Propaganda Movement

Jose #izalPhysician&no#elist an a

"any splenore

genius$6is "ore popular wor>s

were his two no#els

1oli Me Tangere /Touch

Me 1ot0 an (l'ili)usteris"o /The

*u)#ersi#e0 pu)lishe

in 2334 an 2352$


16/50

Propaganda Movement

Jose #izalThe no#els portraye

the authoritarian an

a)usi#e character of

*panish rule in the

colony $

8espite their )an, the

)oo>s were s"uggleinto the Philippines an

wiely rea$


17/50

Propaganda Movement

!ariano Ponce

A "eical stuent an a

)iographical writer$


18/50

Propaganda Movement

$T% P#$PAGANDIT

Juan Luna and'eli( %idalgo

The "asters of )rush$

Pedro Paterno A lawyer an "an of letters$

Antonio Luna Phar"acist an essayist$

Pedro errano La)ta* Teacher&tutor of Prince Alfonsoe Bour)on /later =ing Alfonso

of *pain0$


19/50

Propaganda Movement

Jose !a. Pangani+an :inguist an essasyist$

'ernando ,anon(ngineer an "usician$

Jose Ale-andrino An engineer an a politicalwriter$

Isa+elo delos #ees'ol>lorist, newspaper"an an a

scholar$Do/inador Go/ez Physician, orator$


20/50

Propaganda Movement

'$#&IGN '#I&ND $' T%& P#$PAGANDA !$V&!&NT'oreigners who were lo#ers of freeo" an justice$*upporte the 'ilipinos ca"paign for refor"s$

'erdinand Blu/entritt

Austrian professor, scholar$

8r$Ri%als )estfrien$Praise 1oli an 'ili an wrote aCPrologueD to Ri%als annotate eitionof Morgas *ucesos e las slas'ilipinas /Paris, 235?0$

Don Juan Atade

One of the li)eral *paniars whoaie 'ilipino propaganist$'oune the .irculo 6ispano&'ilipinoin *epte")er 233< /a ci#ic associationof *paniars an 'ilipinos in Mari0$Pu)lishe the newspaper Re#isa el

.irculo 6ispano&'ilipino $


21/50

Propaganda Movement

!iguel !orata

*tates"an, historian anjournalist$Ri%als professor at the .entralUni#ersity of Mari$

'rancisco Pi !argall 'or"er presient of the 'irst*panish Repu)lic

&/ilio Juno A journalist

Me")er of the .ortes

!anuel #uiz 0orilla

Parlia"entarian:eaer of the *panishRepu)lican Party


22/50

Propaganda Movement

La olidaridad Organ of the PropaganaMo#e"ent

a newspaper foune )y

Graciano :ope% 9aena inBarcelona on 'e)ruary 2E,

2335$

:a *oliaria was create

ue to the reality that "ass"eia is i"portant in

propagating the Propagana

o)jecti#es$


23/50

Propaganda Movement

La olidaridad :a *oliaria was printein+

Barcelona /'e)$ 2E&Oct$

F2, 23350Mari /1o#$ 2E&1o#$

2E, 235E0

On 8ec$ 2E, 2335, M$6$ el

Pilar replace G$:$ 9aena asits eitor$

The pu)lication ene on

1o#$ 2E, 235E after an

existence of se#en years$


24/50

Propaganda Movement

Ai/s o" La olidaridad1"ro/ Jaena2s editorial3 to portray #i#ily the

eplora)le conition of the

Philippines,

to wor> peacefully for thepolitical an social refor"s,

to co")at the e#il forces of

"eie#alis" an reaction

to a#ocate li)eral ieas an

progress to cha"pion the legiti"ate

aspirations of the 'ilipino

people for e"ocracy an

happiness$


25/50

Propaganda Movement

,ontri+utors o" Laolidaridad

M$6$ el Pilar /Plariel0

8r$ 9ose Ri%al /:aon

:aan0

Mariano Ponce

/Ti>)alang, 1aning, an

=alipula>o0

Antonio :una /Taga&

log0

9ose Ma$ Pangani)an

/9o"apa0

8r$ Pero Paterno


26/50

Propaganda Movement

Antonio Ma$ Regior

sa)elo elos Reyes

(uaro e :ete

9ose Alejanrino

Professor Blu"entritt

8r$ Morayta


27/50

Propaganda Movement

Literature o" the Propaganda !o4e/ent

Dr. Pedro A. Paternooctor of laws"an of letters

C1inay,D the first 'ilipino no#el/Mari, 233E0

a #olu"e of "eloious poe"s,C*a"paguitasD /Mari, 233?0C:a Antigua .i#ili%acionTagalog,D a historical )oo>/Mari, 233;0

Gregorio anciangcoecono"istalso a octor of laws

C(l Progreso e 'ilipinas,Dauthore a )oo> /Mari, 23320An a treatise on colonialecono"ics an politics in the

Philippines$


28/50

Propaganda Movement

!arcelo %. del Pilarlawyer an journalist

excelle as a politicalpa"phleteer

C8asalan at Tu>sohanDC:a *o)erania Monacal en'ilipinasDC:a 'railocraciaD

C'ray BotoD&/'at 'riar& heriicule the friars who )eca"e#ery fat for eating too "uch anli#ing in luxury at the expense of

poor 'ilipinos, who" they a)use$0


C(n TinielasD&/n Utter8ar>ness, his article in :a*oliaria he la")aste the

)iase *panish writersfor theira)surities$


29/50

Propaganda Movement

Antonio LunaC"pressionesD &/a collection ofessays escri)ing the custo"s ofthe *paniars in Mari0

Jose !a. Pangani+an

C:a Uni#ersia e 'ilipinas+

Plan e (stuios,D &a critical essayin :a *oliaria which exposethe efects of the church&o"inate eucation in thePhilippines$

Isa+elo delos #eesfol>lorist H historian

C(l 'ol>&:ore 'ilipinoD /233;0C6istoria e locos /< #olu"eson 235?0

!ariano Ponce

)iographer

C.ele)res 'ilipinosD


30/50

Propaganda Movement

Dr. #izalgreatest writer of thePropagana Mo#e"ent

C1oli Me TangereDC(l 'ili)usteris"oDC:a Iision el 'rey

Rorigue%D /23350 !exposethe stupiities of 'r$ Rorigue%CPor TelefonoD /23520 !a)out'r$ *ala#aor 'ont


31/50

Propaganda Movement

n short those all who urge Philippine refor"san articulate Philippine aspirations through

writing$ As such, the Propagana Mo#e"ent

lay in nationalist poetry, satire, essays, no#els,history, an journalis"$


32/50

Propaganda Movement

Refor"s esire )y the Propagana "o#e"ent+Equality of the Filipinos and Spaniards

before the laws.

Assimilation of the hilippines as a regularprovince of Spain.

!estoration of the hilippine representationin the Spanish "ortes.

Filipini#ation of the hilippine parishes ande$pulsion of the friars.

%uman rights for Filipinos, such as freedomof speech, freedom of the press, and

freedom to meet and petition for redress of


33/50

Circulo Hispano Filipino

After 23;e of persecution of'ilipino suspecte as filibusteroso re)els, "ay

'ilipino fa"ilies sent their chilren a)roa

where they i")i)e political li)eralis" U1i"pee$ *uch young people, encourage )y

*panish sy"pathi%ers, for"e the .irculo !

6ispano 'ilipino$ 1either the circle nor thepaper "ae heaway owing to lac> of proper

organi%ation$


34/50

Committee Propaganda

Before eparting for *pain in 2334, Marcelo8el Pilar for"e a .o""ittee on Propagana

in Manila to collect funs for his wor> in

Mari$ Once on *panish soil, 8el Pilar set to Cawa>en

the sleeping intellect of the *paniar to the

nees of our country,D an to win con#erts tothe Philippine cause fro" a"ong *panish

li)erals in the .ortes where the legislati#e

power play$


35/50

Committee Propaganda

6is techni-ue was to gain access to their sy"pathythough entertain"ent an iscourses so as to inuce

the" to co""it legislation pro#iing for 'ilipino

representation in the .ortes an to sen li)eral

Go#ernors to the islans$

n 2333, 8el Pilar )egan to pu)lish La Soberania

Monacal en Filipinas, which proteste against

excesses co""itte )y the powerful religious orers$But his project to for" an association calle

Solidaridad Filipina ca"e to naught$


36/50

Association HispanoFilipino

t was esta)lishe on 9anuary 2


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8i#isions of the association+the political section heae )y Marcelo 6$ el

Pilar$

the literary section uner Mariano Ponce$

the sports section uner To"as Arejola$

Purpose+ secure refor"s for the Philippines

President+ 8on Miguel Morayta

V-president: Gen$ 'elipe ela .orte

Secretary: 8o"inaor Go"e%

Members: all 'ilipinos in (urope, pro"inent

scholars, states"en of other nationalities$


38/50


The "e")ers "et once a "onth to iscussPhilippine&*panish -uestions$

They rew up petitions an passe resolutions$

i i i


39/50


The counterpart of the co""ittee in *pain wasthe Association Hispano Filipino;co"pose of

'ilipinos an *paniars ai"ing at pro"oting

refor"s in the Philippines + .onstitutional refor"

(ucational refor"

(cono"ic refor" A"inistrati#e refor"

i i i


40/50


ts wor> was carrie on )y three sections+ :iterary

Political

8ealing with sports

6owe#er, raising funs in supporting Blac>

Propagana was a su)#ersi#e in the

Philippines an it ha to )e wrappe instrictest secrecy, conse-uently, the flow of

funs was at )est inter"ittent an at worst

rie up$

A i i Hi


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42/50

Masonic odges

Revolucion

first 'ilipino Masonic loge foune

)y 9aena in Barcelona

recogni%e on April 2335 )y Grane

Oriental (spaKol heae )y 8on

Miguel Moraytaie out on 1o#$


43/50

Masonic odges

Revolucion

first 'ilipino Masonic loge foune

)y 9aena in Barcelona

recogni%e on April 2335 )y Grane

Oriental (spaKol heae )y 8on

Miguel Moraytaie out on 1o#$


44/50

Masonic odges

Lodge Soidaridadorgani%e )y M$6$ el Pilar an 9ulio

:lorante in Mari

recogni%e on May 235? )y Grane

Oriental (spaKol

:lorante /@orshipful Master0

prospere so it was joine in )y other

'ilipinos /Ri%al, Pero *errano Balo"ero

Roxas, Galicano Apaci)le, etc$0


45/50

Masonic odges

:oge 1ilafirst 'ilipino Masonic loge

foune )y *errano :a>taw in Manila on

9anuary 4, 235


46/50

Masonic odges

Many i""inent 'ilipino thin>ers, re#olte )ycorruption in the .atholic .hurch, ha )egun

to see> co"fort an enlighten"ent in the

conte"porary *panish Masonic Mo#e"ent$These thin>ers inclue+

8el Pilar

Ri%al :ope%&9aena

Their interest in Masonry was arisen )y their

close contacts with *panish Mansons$


47/50

Masonic odges

On April 2, 2355, 9aena set up the first 'ilipino:oge, La Revolucion, in Barcelona it

e"erge into the La Solidaridad of Mari in

235? :ater on, 'ilipinos organi%e the Gran Oriente

Espaol to pro"ote *panish legislation

)eneficial to the Philippines$ n 2352, two ofits "e")ers, Pero *errano :a>taw an

Antonio :una, were sent to Manila to esta)lish

the :oge 1ila$


48/50

Masonic odges

By 235F, these Masonic :oges ha ac-uirethirty&fi#e nationwie )ranches incluing

wo"en "e")ers its platfor" e"ane a

Cignifie, prosperous, an effecti#e autono"yfor the Philippines as a *panish pro#ince an

protection for ini#iual li)erty$D

The Masons were also engage in atte"pts tosecure institutional refor"s for the Philippines$


49/50

Masonic odges

The friars an the *panish Go#ern"ent too> anextre"ely hostile #iew of Masonry, on which ay

s-uarely place the )la"e for spreaing heretical an

anti&*panish #iew a"ong the 'ilipinos$

The *panish Go#ern"ent warne its representati#e in

the Philippines to cur) the sprea of Masonry as a

Cwor>shop where hatre for *pain an the *paniars

was cast$D@hile Masonry i authorities, it woul )enearer to the truth to say that it i not awa>en

Philippine Propaganista 1ationalis", as clai"e )y

the friars, )ut "erely offere platfor" for Propagana

agitation$


50/50

!"an# $ou%%%

chapter 7-campaign for reforms-kyna b. david

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