Chapter 7Chapter 7Rocks and MineralsRocks and Minerals

Minerals vs. RocksMinerals vs. Rocks

MineralMineral: Natural, solid substance : Natural, solid substance that has a specific chemical that has a specific chemical composition and physical structurecomposition and physical structure

5 ways to classify 5 ways to classify MINERALSMINERALS::1.1. StreakStreak2.2. FluorescenceFluorescence3.3. Crystal StructureCrystal Structure4.4. CleavageCleavage5.5. HardnessHardness

Mineral ClassificationMineral Classification

1.1. StreakStreak: Color of the powder left behind : Color of the powder left behind when a mineral is rubbed when a mineral is rubbed

2.2. FluorescenceFluorescence: Glows under UltraViolet : Glows under UltraViolet LightLight

3.3. Crystal StructureCrystal Structure: Atom arrangement in a : Atom arrangement in a specific shapespecific shape

4.4. CleavageCleavage: Direction of a break in a : Direction of a break in a mineralmineral

5.5. HardnessHardness: Mohs Hardness Scale: Mohs Hardness Scale

Minerals vs. RocksMinerals vs. Rocks

RocksRocks: a solid formation of : a solid formation of mineralsminerals

3 Major Types3 Major Types::1.1. Igneous RockIgneous Rock

2.2. Sedimentary RockSedimentary Rock

3.3. Metamorphic RockMetamorphic Rock

Igneous RockIgneous Rock

Igneous rockIgneous rock forms when melted forms when melted rock hardensrock hardens

2 Types2 Types::1.1. IntrusiveIntrusive: Cools Inside Earth: Cools Inside Earth

2.2. ExtrusiveExtrusive: Cools Outside Earth: Cools Outside Earth

Sedimentary RockSedimentary Rock

Sedimentary RockSedimentary Rock is formed when is formed when layers of sediments bind together.layers of sediments bind together.

Metamorphic RockMetamorphic Rock

Metamorphic RockMetamorphic Rock is formed when is formed when extreme heat and pressure change extreme heat and pressure change igneousigneous, , sedimentarysedimentary, or other , or other metamorphicmetamorphic rocks. rocks.

ROCKS AND MINERALS!ROCKS AND MINERALS!

Rock CycleRock Cycle