Chapter 7 Section 1

Revolution Threatens the French King

Warm Up

• Take a few minutes to write down what you know about France!– Think of topics or people you have discussed in

class so far– General knowledge of France you have

Essential Questions

• What was the Old Regime? • How many classes were there?

The Stage is Set

• How would you rank France among the countries in Europe?– Money? Military? Culture?

• False Appearance– Unrest internally – Enlightenment influence

Old Regime

• What government system do you think France has at this time? – Feudalism “Old

Regime”

• 3 Social Classes or Estates – Roman Catholic Church– Nobles– Everyone else

Objectives

• Who made up the 3rd estate?• Who were the Bourgeoisie?• What % of France’s population were

peasants?

First Estate

•Roman Catholic Church•Owned about 10% of the land•Provided

•Education•Relief Services

•Paid 2% of income to the gov’t

2nd Estate • Rich Nobles • Where do you think they had their

wealth? - Land

• Made up 2% of the population- Owned 20% of the land

• How much do you think they paid in taxes?- PRETTY MUCH NOTHING!!!!

• How do you think this estate viewed Enlightenment ideas?

Third Estate

• Largest class 98% of the population• Broken down into three groups– Bourgeoisie– Workers– Peasants

• Economic differences between these three!

Think Pair Share• You have worked a 12 hour day moving rocks

to build a wall for the noble. All you had to eat was a piece of stale bread. You got paid but half your pay went to taxes!– How would you feel?

• You are own your way to a big party with plenty of food, music, etc. You just received your share of the taxes so your pockets are full of money!– How would feel?

Bourgeoisie

• Merchants and Artisans• Well Educated • Pro Enlightenment• Some rich as Nobles– Lacked social/political

privileges – Paid high taxes

• How do you think the Bourgeoisie felt?

Working Class

• Lived in the cities• Cooks, Servants, Laborers – Paid low wages– Many w/o work– Many went hungry

• Impacted by price changes of food

Peasants • Largest group in the 3rd

estate – 80% of the French pop.

• ½ of their income went to:– Nobles– Church– Taxes to the king’s agents

• Paid taxes on basic daily needs

Forces of Change

• From what we talked about already and your notes what some things that could cause a big change?

• Urban Poor0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

% of Income Spent on Bread

1787

1788

Enlightenment Ideas

• Equality, Liberty, and Democracy – These ideas spread

• What major event do you think sparked those ideas among the French people?

• Radical ideas of Rousseau and Voltaire influence

Rousseau and Voltaire Quotes

Warm Up

• What do you think France would be like if the 3rd Estate had a voice right from the start? – Good or bad? – What things do you think would change?

Economic Woes

• Which estate doesn’t pay taxes?

• Heavy taxes hurts businesses to make any $

• Cost of Living• Grain Shortages, bread

prices go

• What do you think King Louis XVI does?

King Louis

• Gov’t debt continue to grow• King Louis and Marie Antoinette loved to

spend $$$$$$$– Food, Parties, Wars

• Deficit Spending– Spending more than the $ coming in

• Cut off– Bankers stop lending $...big trouble for Louis!

Weak Leader

• Indecisive, didn’t listen to advisers

• Rather would hunt or play with locks!

• His wife didn’t help

Marie Antoinette

• Became queen at 14• From Austria – France’s enemy!

• Loved to Spend $– Madame Deficit

• How could Louis stop this economic issue?– Increase taxes/cut

spending…it was too late!

Estates-General

• Louis tax attempt on aristocrats fails

• Second Estate calls to meet Estates-General

• An assembly of representatives of all 3 estates– They need to approve

tax reform

Revolution Dawns

• 1st Estates-General meeting in 175 years• Nobles and clergy will out vote 3rd estate

Medieval Rules– What do you think the 3rd Estate’s plan is?

• National Assembly– 3rd Estate wants to change the rules – Everyone meets together, everyone has a vote• Favors 3rd Estate

• If you were at the Estates-General what would be going through your mind? Which estate would you want to be in at this time?

Objectives

• What was the National Assembly? • What happened at the Bastille? • What was the Great Fear?• Why did the women march on Versailles?

• What do you think Louis does? New or Medieval Rules?– Medieval rules

• Reaction from this?– 3rd Estate REALLY wants power

now!

• Abbe Sieyes – Clergyman who supports 3rd

Estate

• 3rd Estate becomes– Pass laws/reforms in name of

the French people

National Assembly

“What is the 3rd Estate? Everything. What has it been up to now in the political

order? Nothing”-Abbe Sieyes

National Assembly cont.

• Do you think the 3rd Estate agreed to that plan? – Yes

• End absolute monarchy to rep. gov’t • 3 days later locked out!– Stormed an indoor tennis court– Demanded a new constitution• Tennis Court Oath

Jacques Louis David Painting

Bastille• Louis tried to make peace by

giving in to the 3rd Estate• Ordered Swiss guards to

protect him• Rumors spread of an attack

on the French people– Unite to defend Paris– July 14 a mob overtakes

Bastille looking for gunpowder• Tore it down brick by brick

Great Fear

• Rebellion spreads throughout France

• Peasants took arms in fear of a rumor – Attacked noble homes– Destroyed documents

• This PanicGreat Fear

Opening Drill

• What was the Bastille and what was the end result?

• Expand-What if that happened today, what monument or building being ripped a part by people send a big message that the old ways were dead and change is going to happen?

March of the Women

• Oct. 1789 6,000 Women were angry over rising bread prices

• Marched on Versailles – Demanded the King and Queen to move to Paris