Chapter 7:Chapter 7:The Emergence of The Emergence of

Modern CanadaModern Canada

Ms. DowMs. Dow

Socials 10Socials 10

Key UnderstandingsKey Understandings

Section 7.1 – LaurierSection 7.1 – Laurier Wilfrid Laurier, Manitoba Schools Act, Boer War, Wilfrid Laurier, Manitoba Schools Act, Boer War,

Naval Crisis, Alaskan Boundary Dispute, Naval Crisis, Alaskan Boundary Dispute, Reciprocity, Wonders of the Laurier Age Reciprocity, Wonders of the Laurier Age

Section 7.2 – ImmigrationSection 7.2 – Immigration Clifford Sifton, Push and Pull Factors, Life on the Clifford Sifton, Push and Pull Factors, Life on the

Prairies, Life in the CityPrairies, Life in the City

Section 7.3 – Human RightsSection 7.3 – Human Rights Suffrage Movement, FN Rights, Frank Oliver, Suffrage Movement, FN Rights, Frank Oliver,

Komagata Maru and Continuous PassageKomagata Maru and Continuous Passage

The Emergence of Modern The Emergence of Modern CanadaCanada

Klondike Gold RushKlondike Gold RushWilfrid LaurierWilfrid Laurier

Laurier’s CompromisesLaurier’s CompromisesWonders of the Laurier AgeWonders of the Laurier Age

The Klondike Gold RushThe Klondike Gold Rush

Last great gold rush in North AmericaLast great gold rush in North America 1899 – 19031899 – 1903 Thousands made the dangerous and Thousands made the dangerous and

long journey to the Klondike River in long journey to the Klondike River in the Yukonthe Yukon

Wilfrid LaurierWilfrid Laurier

Prime Minister between 1896-1911Prime Minister between 1896-1911 First French-Canadian Prime MinisterFirst French-Canadian Prime Minister Laurier’s CompromisesLaurier’s Compromises Imperialism: A FrenchImperialism: A French

English SplitEnglish Split

Nationalist vs ImperialistNationalist vs Imperialist(French vs English)(French vs English)

Nationalist (mostly French)– Nationalist (mostly French)– Majority from French CanadaMajority from French Canada Goal is to further Canada as a nationGoal is to further Canada as a nation Canada should not support Britain in her wars of Canada should not support Britain in her wars of

imperialismimperialism Imperialist (English)– Imperialist (English)–

Majority of Canadians claim origin and cultural Majority of Canadians claim origin and cultural ties with Britainties with Britain

British before CanadianBritish before Canadian Canada should be a junior partner to BritainCanada should be a junior partner to Britain See Nationalists as ungrateful and unpatrioticSee Nationalists as ungrateful and unpatriotic

1.1.Manitoba Schools Manitoba Schools ActAct

18901890

The IssueThe Issue English majority wanted change the language English majority wanted change the language

laws. The Act removed government support laws. The Act removed government support from Roman Catholic Schools.from Roman Catholic Schools.

The act cut off money for Catholic schools and The act cut off money for Catholic schools and made English the only language of instruction.made English the only language of instruction.

The CompromiseThe Compromise Manitoba would not have to support Catholic

schools, but the public system would provide half an hour at the end of each day for religious instruction.

French teachers wherever there was 10 or more French students

ReactionsReactions

French were outraged! They felt that French were outraged! They felt that they had given up much more than they had given up much more than the English in the compromise. the English in the compromise.

English were happy about the English were happy about the decision. They wanted a system that decision. They wanted a system that reflected the English majority.reflected the English majority.

2. The Boer War 2. The Boer War 1899-19021899-1902

The IssueThe Issue After the discovery of gold and diamonds in South

Africa, Britain wanted control. They fought against the “Boers (Dutch colonists) who resisted the British advance

Britain asked Canada for help to fight against the Boers in South Africa.

The Compromise 7,000 volunteer soldiers went to South Africa to fight

alongside the British Once they got there, they were Britain’s

responsibility not Canada’s

Canada and the Boer Canada and the Boer WarWar

Canadians at PaardeburgCanadians at Paardeburg

Beside the BritishBeside the British

ReactionsReactions

French sided with the Boers – French sided with the Boers – thought it was wrong for Britain to be thought it was wrong for Britain to be invading South Africainvading South Africa

English wanted to help Britain in their English wanted to help Britain in their international campaigns.international campaigns.

3. The Naval Crisis 3. The Naval Crisis and the and the

Naval Services BillNaval Services Bill

The IssueThe Issue Britain asked Canada to give them money to build

more warships in order to compete with Germany. French thought it was a mistake to support Britain

and wanted their own Can. Navy. Most English were happy to support Britain.

The Compromise The Naval Service Bill: Canada would create its

own navy, which would then serve Britain if Britain went to war.

RCN ADVERTISEMENTRCN ADVERTISEMENT

RCN’s First Ship the RCN’s First Ship the NIOBENIOBE

ReactionsReactions

French Canadians opposed Laurier’s French Canadians opposed Laurier’s plan. They were worried about being plan. They were worried about being involved in wars that were unrelated involved in wars that were unrelated to Canadian security.to Canadian security.

English Canadians made fun of English Canadians made fun of Canada’s “tin pot navy”. It was too Canada’s “tin pot navy”. It was too small and too out of date.small and too out of date.

4. ALASKAN 4. ALASKAN BOUNDARY BOUNDARY DISPUTE DISPUTE

19031903

The IssueThe Issue Boundary between Canada and Alaska was Boundary between Canada and Alaska was

not clearly defined. Who was in control?not clearly defined. Who was in control?

The TribunalThe Tribunal Tribunal was created: 3 American officials, Tribunal was created: 3 American officials,

2 Canadian officials and one British official 2 Canadian officials and one British official (who sided with the Americans!) (who sided with the Americans!)

The Tribunal’s DecisionThe Tribunal’s Decision The Americans should have claim to the The Americans should have claim to the

boundary of the Alaska Panhandle.boundary of the Alaska Panhandle.

ReactionsReactions All Canadians (Fr. And Eng.) were All Canadians (Fr. And Eng.) were

outraged!outraged! International politics had made the International politics had made the

decision. Because Britain did not decision. Because Britain did not want to further anger the US (they want to further anger the US (they were already in a border dispute in were already in a border dispute in South America) they sided with the South America) they sided with the US in the vote.US in the vote.

Wonders of the Laurier Wonders of the Laurier AgeAge

The CarThe Car

The AirplaneThe Airplane

Wireless CommunicationsWireless Communications

Arts and LeisureArts and Leisure

The CarThe Car Car introduced around 1901Car introduced around 1901 Oldsmobile made many of the first Oldsmobile made many of the first

carscars Massey-Harris and the Canadian Cycle Massey-Harris and the Canadian Cycle

and Motor Company went into the and Motor Company went into the production of carsproduction of cars

At first only available to the rich but At first only available to the rich but eventually changed the lives of eventually changed the lives of millionsmillions

Early ModelsEarly Models

Riker Electric Torpedo 1901 - Owls Head MuseumRiker Electric Torpedo 1901 - Owls Head Museum

McLaughlin BuickMcLaughlin Buick

Not Always AcceptedNot Always Accepted

PEI banned automobiles in response PEI banned automobiles in response to complaints that they tore up the to complaints that they tore up the roads and frightened children and roads and frightened children and livestocklivestock

BUT by 1907 there were so many BUT by 1907 there were so many cars, the first gas station in Canada cars, the first gas station in Canada opened in Vancouveropened in Vancouver

The AirplaneThe Airplane

J.A.D. McCurdy flies the first time in J.A.D. McCurdy flies the first time in Canada.Canada.

He flew the Silver Dart in Cape He flew the Silver Dart in Cape Breton NS.Breton NS.

Altitude: 10 metersAltitude: 10 meters Distance: 1 kmDistance: 1 km

Communications Communications TechnologyTechnology

Canada’s size made it fertile ground for Canada’s size made it fertile ground for new communications technologynew communications technology

The Telephone was VERY successfulThe Telephone was VERY successful Double the phones per person as the Double the phones per person as the

StatesStates Work as an operator was hard and Work as an operator was hard and

difficult work for very little pay.difficult work for very little pay. Page 285Page 285

Guglielmo Guglielmo Marconi

Used his technology to send and Used his technology to send and receive the first wireless signal in the receive the first wireless signal in the world from Europe to North Americaworld from Europe to North America

The message was in Morse CodeThe message was in Morse Code

Enjoying Life: Arts and Enjoying Life: Arts and LeisureLeisure

Growth in spectator sports and Growth in spectator sports and outdoor recreationoutdoor recreation Babe Ruth’s first home runBabe Ruth’s first home run Grey cup FootballGrey cup Football Calgary StampedeCalgary Stampede George Dixon – World Boxing ChampionGeorge Dixon – World Boxing Champion Ned Hanlan – Rowing World ChampionNed Hanlan – Rowing World Champion

Poets, Writers and ArtistsPoets, Writers and Artists

Emily Carr – BC Artist Emily Carr – BC Artist Lucy Maud Montgomery – Lucy Maud Montgomery – Anne of Anne of

Green GablesGreen Gables Robert Service – poet “The Robert Service – poet “The

Cremation of Sam McGee”Cremation of Sam McGee” Pauline Johnson – Metis writerPauline Johnson – Metis writer