chapter 8 molecular & formula masses. atomic mass the atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses

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Chapter 8

Molecular & FormulaMasses

Atomic mass

• The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom.

When using atomic masses make sure to round to at least one decimal place.

Page 4: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

What is the atomic mass of actinium (Ac)?

Page 5: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

What is the atomic mass of hydrogen (H)?

Page 6: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

What is the mass of hydrogen (H2)?

Page 7: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

Determine the Molecular Mass of Vitamin AC20H30O

Page 8: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

Determine the Molecular Mass of Vitamin AC20H30O

20 x 12.0 = 240.030 x 1.0 = 30.01 x 16.0 = 16.0 = 286.0 amu

Formula Mass

• The formula mass is the mass of an ionic compound.

• An ionic compound is formed from a combination of metals and nonmetals.

• Formulas masses are calculated the same as molecular masses.

Page 10: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

Determine the Formula Mass of Calcium PhosphateCa3(PO4)2

Page 11: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

Determine the Formula Mass of Calcium PhosphateCa3(PO4)2

3 x 40.1 = 120.32 x 31.0 = 62.08 x 16.0 = 128.0 = 310.3 amu

Page 12: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

The Mole

Page 13: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

The MoleThe Mole

• A counting unit• Similar to a dozen, except instead

of 12, it’s 602 billion trillion 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

• 6.02 X 1023 (in scientific notation)• This number is named in honor of

Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856)Amedeo Avogadro (1776 – 1856), and is called Avogadro’s Number.

Page 14: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

The Mole (mol)The Mole (mol)• 1 mole of cookies = 6.02 X 1023 cookies

• 1 mole of cars = 6.02 X 1023 cars

• 1 mole of Al atoms = 6.02 X 1023 atoms

Page 15: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• How many cents are in one mole of pennies?

Page 16: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• How many cents are in one mole of pennies?

6.02 x 1023¢

Page 17: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• How many dollars are in 6.02 x 1023¢?

Page 18: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• How many cents are in one mole of pennies?

= $6.02 x 1021

6.02 x 1023¢100¢$1

Page 19: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• There are about 6.6 billion (6.6 x 109) people on earth.

• If we divided the 1 mole of pennies ($6.02 x 1021) equally among all the people on earth how many dollars would you have?

Page 20: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• There are about 6.6 billion (6.6 x 109) people on earth.

• If we divided the 1 mole of pennies ($6.02 x 1021) equally among all the people on earth how many dollars would you have?

$6.02 x 1021

6.6 x 109 people= $9.1 x 1011/person

$910,000,000,000 = 910 billion dollars

Page 21: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• How many years would it take you to spend your 910 billion dollars if you spent $100,000 per day?

Page 22: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

How big is a mole?

• How many years would it take you to spend your 910 billion dollars if you spent $100,000 per day?

$9.1 x 1011

$100,000

day

365 days

year

= 25,000 years

Page 23: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

25,000 years ago

Neanderthals died out about 25,000 years ago

Page 24: Chapter 8 Molecular & Formula Masses. Atomic mass The atomic mass is the average mass of an atom

Homework

• Finish Mole Worksheet “How Big is a Mole”.

• Molecular and Formula Mass Worksheet

• Don’t forget to show your work on your calculations.

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