chapter #9 (2013.02)
TRANSCRIPT
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. - 2012
SCHOOL OF PHYSICS AND ELECTRONICS
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999.1
. ... (I )
. ... (I )
2
, . . . . , , . ,
, . ... (IV )
, . . . . , , . ,
, . ... (IV )
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999.1
,
. , .
,
. , .
3
, . (AC)
.
, . (AC)
.
999.1
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Nikola Tesla (18561943) George Westinghouse (18461914)
, , . , , .
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999.2
Alternating Current . Alternating Current .
5
[rad/s]
[rad/s]
.
.
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1888 Heinrich Rudolf Hertz:
, .
, ,,
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (18571894)
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: :
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999.2
: :
8
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999.2
: :
9
.
999.2
: , , , . : , , , .
10
/
.
::::
: :
::
::
.
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999.2
: . : .
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999.3
. .
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1893 (- , ) . 1893 (- , ) .
Charles Proteus Steinmetz (18651923)
Steinmetz was born in Breslau, Germany, and he was forced
to leave Germany because of his political activities just as he
was about to complete his doctoral dissertation in
mathematics at the University of Breslau. He migrated to
Switzerland and later to the United States, where he was
employed by General Electric in 1893. That same year, he
published a paper in which complex numbers were used to
analyze ac circuits for the first time. This led to one of his
many textbooks, Theory and Calculation of ac Phenomena,
published by McGraw-Hill in 1897. In 1901, he became the
president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers,which later became the IEEE.
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? ?
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999.3
()- : ()- :
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: :
: :
v(t) . v(t) .
v(t) . v(t) .
t=0 .t=0 .
999.3
(Real) (Real)
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. . . .
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. .
- -
- -
- -
- -
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/
/
:
1. v(t) .
2. v(t) .3. v(t) .
:
1. v(t) .
2. v(t) .3. v(t) .
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999.3
: . : .
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/
. . .
. .
. . .
. .
.. .
/ . . / . . , . , .
999.3
: . : .
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.
. .
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.
.
.
......
. . . .
...... ..
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999.3
: .
) )
: .
) )
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. .
..
..
. . . . .
. .
.
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: :
. .
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: . : .
90 . 90 .
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: . : .
90 . 90 .
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: 0.1 . : 0.1 .
.
90 . 90
.
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. .
, . , .
. .
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(reactance) .
(reactance) .
: :
RL, RC R :RL, RC R :
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. .
. . . .
:Conductance:Conductance
:Susceptance:Susceptance
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: v(t) i(t) . : v(t) i(t) .
: :
: : /
: : : :
. . .
. . . .
. . . . . .
. .
. .
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: v(t) i(t) . : v(t) i(t) .
: :
: : /
. . : : : :
..
. . .
.
. .
. .
. .
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. .
: :
. .
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.
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: . : .
/
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. .
. .
. .
. .
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: vo(t) . : vo(t) .
.
.
.. ..
..
. .
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: Zeq
. : Zeq
.
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: Zeq
. : Zeq
.
. .
. .
.
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: Zeq
. : Zeq
.
. . . . . . . . .
.
. . .
. . . . .
. ..
.. . .
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999.8
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(a) , (b) (a) , (b)
999.8