chapter 9: local government
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Chapter 9: Local Government. Section 1: Units of Local Government Section 2: Town, Township, and Village Governments Section 3: City Government Section 4: How Governments Work Together. Section 1: Key Terms. Municipality City County. Sheriff Charter Ordinances. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 9: Local Government Section 1: Units of Local Government Section 2: Town, Township, and Village
Governments Section 3: City Government Section 4: How Governments Work Together
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Section 1: Key Terms Municipality
City
County
Sheriff
Charter
Ordinances
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Establishing Local Governments Local governments are made up of
municipalities- Unit of local government that is incorporated by the
state and that has a large degree of self- government- It can include a state’s cities, towns, villages, and
boroughs- Ex. Municipality of Kingston
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The Need for Local Governments Local govts. provide services that
make our daily life easier Garbage pickup, snow removal, etc. Police, fire protection Water Conservation
A city is the largest type of municipality.
Bonus: Name the 4 cities that are in Luzerne County
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County Governments The highest level of
local government is the county.
- A county is a division of state govt. formed to carry out state laws, collect taxes, and supervise elections in a small area
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County Govts. (cont’d) Names vary for the head of county
governments County Board, Board of Commissioners, County
Supervisors Power to pass laws regarding health and
safety, collect real estate taxes, sales tax, and personal property taxes
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Luzerne County Council Jim Bobeck Edward Brominski Elaine Maddon Curry Harry Haas Linda McClosky
Houck Eugene Kelleher
Tim McGinley Rick Morelli Stephen A. Urban Stephen J. Urban Rick Williams
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County Govts. (cont’d) County officials are elected by the people of
that specific county Sheriff is in charge of county law enforcement
Not so much in Luzerne County Coroner Clerk of Courts Treasurer Recorder of Deeds
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Governments Work Together The duties of local governments are usually
outline in state-approved charters. Charter is a basic plan for a local government unit
that defines its powers, responsibilities, and organization.
The main job of the local govt. is to take care of its people. That is why they pass ordinances or regulations
that govern a community.
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Section 1: Assessment Why can local
governments provide some services more efficiently than state governments can?
In what ways do counties support state governments?
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TOWN, TOWNSHIP, AND VILLAGE GOVERNMENTS
Section 2
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Section 2: Key Terms Town
Town Meeting
Township
Special District
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Town Government Towns first developed as New England
colonists built churches and homes A town is a unit of local government, usually
larger than a village and smaller than a city. Bonus Question:
What is the only town in Pennsylvania?
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Town Government (Cont’d) Early on in New England, they created a
powerful form of local govt. called the town meeting A town meeting is where all citizens meet
regularly to discuss town issues. Meeting dates vary based on the town.
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Townships, Special Districts, Villages In states like NY, NJ, and PA, they used a
special form of govt. called a township. Townships are located in rural areas with that
cover large areas of uninhabited land. Most township governments have decreased
in importance as cities have taken over many of the governmental responsibilities.
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Townships, Special Districts, Villages People in a certain area may have a special
need and directly go to the state legislature and ask for a charter to set up a special district. A unit of govt. formed to meet many different
needs
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Kind Purpose
Town To govern an area smaller than a city but larger than a village
Townships, Special Districts Township: to perform a variety of local functionsSpecial District: to meet an area’s specific need
Villages, Boroughs To provide services in a growing rural area
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Section 2: Assessment Why did town meetings
develop? What is the role of the state in
the creation of towns and boroughs?
When do rural areas become villages or boroughs?
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CITY GOVERNMENTSection 3
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Section 3: Key Terms Home Rule
City Council
Mayor
Commission
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Home Rule Organization City sizes vary for place to place Traditionally cities received their charters
form state legislatures. However states have been granting cities an
authority called home rule. Under this, a city can write and amend its own
municipal charter Luzerne County is now under home rule.
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Forms of City GovernmentMayor-Council(Weak Mayor
• In a weak mayor plan, the mayor has no veto power with all the members of council. A weak mayor’s vote may act as a tie breaker.
Mayor-Council(Strong Mayor
• In the strong mayor plan, the mayor has veto power on the decisions of the council. Mayors also appoint city officials and have power of the city budget.
Commission
• In the commission plan, each council member is in charge of a different city department. The mayor’s vote carries the same weight as each of the commissioners votes
Council-Manager
• A city manager is appointed by city council to run the city departments. The mayor leads the city politically, and the manager directs the city’s day to day operations
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Section 3: Assessment How is a mayor-council
government organized? What are the strengths and
weaknesses of the council-manager form of government?
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HOW GOVERNMENTS WORK TOGETHER
Section 4
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Section 4: Key Terms Grants-in-Aid
Block Grants
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Building Roads Together In the late 1800s, NJ became the 1st state to
use state funds to improve roads It wasn’t until 1956, that President
Eisenhower created the Interstate Highway System Based off of the German Autobahn 46,000 miles of highway Federally funded
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Federal Government Programs Federal govt. ensures the cooperation of state
and local govts. By providing funds to implement important programs Grants-in-Aid are federal funds given to state and
local govts. for specific projects. Ex. Airport construction and pollution control Must meet certain standards Must provide some money of their own to the project Supervised by the Federal Government
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Federal Government Programs Block grants are funds given by the Federal
govt. to state and local govts. but are given for broadly defined purposes. State and local govts. develop and carry out the
programs and determine how the money is spent However, they must establish a spending plan and
report expenditures to the federal government.
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State and Local Governments State and Local officials work together in
many aspects Education Health and Public Safety Banking Regulations Licensing
Accountants, Dentists, Doctors, Engineers, Lawyers, Nurses, Teachers, and other professionals
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Section 4: Assessment Government decisions at any
level must not conflict with what national document?
Although all levels of government are involved in education, which government level actually controls the schools? Why?