chapter ii: identifying similarities and differences

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Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences Shakira Ottun

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Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences. Shakira Ottun. Research & Theory (all w/ strongly supported research). Guiding students towards similarities & differences - Teacher-directed -Be direct, which leads to discussion & further inquiry - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences

Chapter II:Identifying Similarities

And Differences

Shakira Ottun

Page 2: Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences

Research & Theory

(all w/ strongly supported research)

Guiding students towards similarities & differences-Teacher-directed-Be direct, which leads to discussion & further inquiry

Students independently identifying similarities & differences

-Student-directed-Seems contradicting to the first, but there is a time and place for each.-Helps with critical thinking

Representing similarities & differences graphically or symbolically

-Graphic organizers-Student making familiar connections

Page 3: Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences

Research & TheoryContinued…

Indentifying similarities & differences in many ways (highly needed)

-Comparison

-Classification *categorizing

-Creating Metaphors *abstract similarities between two elements

-Creating analogies *identifying relationships between

relationships

Page 4: Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences

In the Classroom…

Teacher-directed Comparison Tasks-Focus the students on the characteristics

desired to be of awarenessStudent-directed Comparison Tasks

-Give students room to input their prior knowledge

-Encourages innovative thinking habits Graphic organizers

-Venn Diagram: visual representation of similarities & differences, two general ideas

-Comparison Matrix: more detail-oriented, better with lots of topics

Comparison

Page 5: Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences

In the Classroom…

ClassificationTeacher-directed Classification Tasks

-Given elements, given categoriesStudent-directed Classification Tasks

-Given elements, formed categories (vise-versa) Graphic organizers for classifying

-Organizers that emphasize categories

Page 6: Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences

In the Classroom…

MetaphorsExamples“Time is a thief…”“You are the light of my life”“She is a dog when she eats”Teacher-directed metaphoric tasks

-Providing abstract idea as well as first element of metaphorStudent-directed metaphoric tasks

-Student familiar with a concept/relationship between one metamorphic element and determining the second element is an example

Graphic Organizers for Metaphors-Visual representation of metaphor

Page 7: Chapter II: Identifying Similarities And Differences

In the Classroom…

AnalogiesFinding similarities between two dissimilar topics

-A to B is how C is to D-Husband and wife is like Peanut butter and Jelly

Teacher-directed analogies-Provided with a great deal of structure, given analogy and student must explain connection-Giving students part of the analogy and having them guess therest… “acute is to triangle as square is to ______ ?”

Student-directed analogies-Giving students more flexibility with creativity, more explanation

Graphic Organizers for analogies-Having students look at it in a different perspective, more visual