chapter02
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Living in a Digital World
Discovering Computers 2011
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The Internet
• The Internet is a worldwide collection of networks that links millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
2Page 74 Figure 2-1
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Evolution of the Internet
• Each organization is responsible only for maintaining its own network– The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) oversees
research and sets guidelines and standards
• Internet2 connects more than 200 universities and 115 companies via a high-speed private network
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Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click W3C below Chapter 2
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Evolution of the Internet
• An access provider is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the Internet free or for a fee
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4Page 77 Figure 2-2
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Evolution of the Internet
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
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Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Wireless Modemsbelow Chapter 2
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Evolution of the Internet
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Evolution of the Internet
• An IP address is a number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
• A domain name is the text version of an IP address– Top-level domain (TLD)
• A DNS server translates the domain name into its associated IP address
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7Pages 79 – 80 Figure 2-4
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Evolution of the Internet
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The World Wide Web
• The World Wide Web, or Web, consists of a worldwide collection of electronic documents (Web pages)
• A Web site is a collection of related Web pages and associated items
• A Web server is a computer that delivers requested Web pages to your computer
• Web 2.0 refers to Web sites that provide a means for users to interact
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
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The World Wide Web
• A Web browser, or browser, allows users to access Web pages and Web 2.0 programs
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web
• A home page is the first page that a Web site displays
• Web pages provide links to other related Web pages– Surfing the Web
• Downloading is the process of receiving information
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12Pages 82 - 83 Figure 2-7
• Some Web pages are designed specifically for microbrowsers
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click iPhonebelow Chapter 2
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The World Wide Web
• A Web page has a unique address called a URL or Web address
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The World Wide Web
• Two types of search tools are search engines and subject directories
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web
• There are thirteen types of Web sites
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The World Wide Web
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The World Wide Web
• Multimedia refers to any application that combines text with:
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The World Wide Web
• A graphic is a digital representation of nontext information
• Graphic formats include BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, and TIFF
19Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
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The World Wide Web
• Animation is the appearance of motion created by displaying a series of still images in sequence
20Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
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The World Wide Web
• Audio includes music, speech, or any other sound– Compressed to reduce file size
• You listen to audio on your computer using a player• Streaming is the process of transferring data in a
continuous and even flow
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21Pages 94 – 95 Figure 2-20
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The World Wide Web
• Video consists of full-motion images that are played back at various speeds
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22Page 96 Figure 2-22
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click YouTubebelow Chapter 2
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The World Wide Web
• Virtual reality (VR) is the use of computers to simulate a real or imagined environment that appears as a three-dimensional space
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The World Wide Web
• A plug-in is a program that extends the capability of a Web browser
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24Page 97 Figure 2-24
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Other Internet Services
• Instant messaging (IM) is a real-time Internet communications service
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25Page 104 Figure 2-29
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Other Internet Services
• A chat is a real-time typed conversation that takes place on a computer
• A chat room is a location on an Internet server that permits users to chat with each other
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
26Page 105 Figure 2-30
Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click Chat Rooms below Chapter 2
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Other Internet Services
• VoIP (Voice over IP) enables users to speak to other users over the Internet– Also called Internet
telephony
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Other Internet Services
• A newsgroup is an online area in which users have written discussions about a particular subject– Typically requires a
newsreader
• A message board is a Web-based type of discussion group
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Other Internet Services
• FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is an Internet standard that permits file uploading and downloading with other computers on the Internet
• Many operating systems include FTP capabilities• An FTP server is a computer that allows users to upload
and/or download files using FTP
Discovering Computers 2011: Living in a Digital World Chapter 2
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Click to view Web Link,click Chapter 2, Click Web Link from left navigation, then click FTPbelow Chapter 2