chapter16 ftth

8/13/2019 Chapter16 FTTH

1/41

E1E1--E2 (CFA)E2 (CFA)

BHARAT SANCHAR NIGAM LIMITED

(FTTH)(FTTH)


2/41

High Speed Data High QualityVideo

DependableVoice

Service

To day customers wantsTo day customers wants

These services are delivered byDigital Subscriber Lines (DSL)

Cable ModemsWireless


3/41

Video

Data User

USER REQUIREMENTUSER REQUIREMENT


e pre erre user srequirement

Voice

Many services on one infrastructure is efficient

Commercially viable for network owner/operator

Efficiency = lower costs for users and service providers

Enhanced choice is attractive to customers


4/41

To meet the costumers demand, service provider needs

a Robust networking solution.

The solution is fiber based networks on fiber based


tec no og es or


5/41

FTTH OFFERSFTTH OFFERS

Unlimited bandwidth

The flexibility to meet customer demand forinteractive, video-based services.



6/41


7/41

Fiber to the x ( FTTX)Fiber to the x ( FTTX)

It is a generic term for any network architecture that uses optical fiber to replaceall or part of the usual copper local loop used


orm te ecommun cat ons.


8/41

Today, fiber networks come in many varieties,

depending on the termination point .i.e. FTTxFiber To The Node/Network (FTTN)

Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet FTTC


Fiber To The Buildings (FTTB),

Fiber To The Home (FTTH),

For simplicity, most people have begun torefer to the fiber network as FTTx, in which

x stands for the termination point.


9/41

FTTNFTTN

Fiber to the node/ Neighbourhood (FTTN)/

Fiber to the cabinet (FTT Cab).Fiber- optic cables runs to a nearest serving cabinet

(neighbourhood).


Customers connect to this cabinet is using twisted pair wiring.

The area served by the cabinet is less than

1500 meters in radius.If the cabinet serve an area of less than 300

meters in radius then the architecture is normally

called fiber to the curb.


10/41

Advantages :-Low Cost

Non-blocking or low- blocking performance bettersupports convergence.


Extremely flexible to deploy.Allows the use of a variety of media from theTelephone Exchange to the

User .Disadvantages :-Supports less bandwidth


11/41

FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)

OLT

Optical Fiber Cable

Users Home

Copper Cable

ONUOLT

OLT

Optical Fiber Cable

Users Home

Copper Cable

ONUONU


Central Office

ONU

Central Office

ONUONU

A method of installing optical fiber cable bythe curb near the users home.


12/41

FTTB (Fiber To The BuildingFTTB (Fiber To The Building )

OLT

Optical Fiber Cable

Users Building

ONU

Copper loopsOLT

OLT

Optical Fiber Cable

Users Building

ONU

Copper loops


E

Central Office

EE

Central Office

By introducing fiber cables from the fiber termination point to the home living space or business office spaceFTTB can be converted to full FTTH.


13/41

FTTH (Fiber To The Home)FTTH (Fiber To The Home)

OLT

Optical Fiber Cable

Users Home

ONU

OLT

OLT

Optical Fiber Cable

Users Home

ONU


Central OfficeCentral Office

FTTH is the final configuration of accessnetworks using optical fiber cable.


14/41

FTTC, the next step, ensures that fiber is

available very close to the customer/building.FTTN ensure that all the Network Elements

Steps in Evolution of FTTHSteps in Evolution of FTTH


.

FTTB fiber shall be made available

to all buildings.

FTTH is the next and ultimate stagein this plan.


15/41

Fiber to the PremisesFiber to the Premises

It is a form of fiber-optic communication delivery inwhich an optical fiber runs directly onto thecustomers' premises.2. This is dissimilar with other fiber optic


,or hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC), all of which dependsupon copper wires or coaxial cable for "last mile"delivery.


16/41

Fiber to the premises can be further categorized according to theoptical fiber ends.

FTTH (Fiber to the Home):- It is the form of fiber opticcommunication network in which optical signal reaches upto


the end users office.

2- FTTB (Fiber to the Building):- It is the form of fiber opticcommunication delivery in which optical signal reaches uptothe building, but where the fiber terminate before reaching thehome, business premises or set of customers. The remaining

path uses other than Optical Fiber.


17/41

Optical Portion :-Optical Distribution Network have

several technologies to deploy.


DirectFiber

Sharedfiber

ActiveOptical

Network

PassiveOptical

Network


18/41

Here each fiber leaving the central office goes toexactly one customer .i.e. point to point topology

Provides excellent bandwidth because each

DIRECT FIBERDIRECT FIBER


customer have their own dedicated fiber.

Costlier due to the large amount of fiber

requirement.


19/41


20/41

In this architecture, power equipment is used to

distribute the signal such as switch, router ormultiplexer.

Active optical networkActive optical network


directed only to the particular customer.Active Ethernet uses optical switches todistribute the signal.Equipment performs layer 2/layer 3 switching

and routing.It can handle upto 1000 customers.


21/41

PON is a point -to-multi point, fiber to the premisesnetwork architecture.

Un-powered optical splitters are used to enablea sin le o tical fiber to serve multi le customers.

Passive Optical NetworksPassive Optical Networks


A PON configuration with 1:32 splitters reduces

the amount of fiber.Down stream signal from the Central Office is

broadcasted to each customer premises sharing a fiber.Upstream signals are combined using a multiple excess

protocol towards Central Office.


22/41

TechnologyTechnology OptionsOptions for FTTHfor FTTH



23/41

The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) equipment is installedin Central Office as head end.

OLT transmits o tical si nal to s litter, from

Functioning of PON ArchitectureFunctioning of PON Architecture


where the signal is distributed to multiple customers directlyor via another splitters.

Optical Network Terminals (ONT)terminate the signal at the customer premises.


24/41

Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT andONT for 1:32 splitter.


PONs do not require any power for the splitters sooperational cost and complexity is reduced.

Passive optical splitters are used tosplit the fiber/ bandwidth and share among manycustomers.


25/41


1:4

1:8

1:16

1:32


26/41


27/41

The basic elements in any PON systemThe basic elements in any PON system

are:OLT : A Central Office (CO) equipment providing

PON with the various network interfacesONU/ONT : An External Plant / Customer Premisese ui ment rovidin user interface for man /sin le


customer PON : distributed or single staged passive opticalsplitters/combiners providing connectivity betweenOLT & multiple ONU/ONTs.

NMS : Management of the complete PON system

from OLT


28/41

BSNL FTTH PLANBSNL FTTH PLAN

Phase-I (2008-09): In phase-I overlay access network is planned in 98 cities where the number of Direct ExchangeLines are more than 3 lakhs i.e 30 millions, therefore Ethernetin the first mile using the FTTB, FTTH is proposed to bede lo ed.


FTTH systems are deployed as either point to point opticalsystem or point to multi point fiber system (PON).

7 lakhs customers are targeting in the first year.1.5 lakhs customers in 73 cities with GE-PON.5.5 lakhs customers in 25 cities with GE-PON &

G-PON.


29/41

Phase-II (2009-10): In second phase ofG-PON/GE-PON deployment will be extended toother cities having Optical Access Network cables


.

In second phase FTTH plan will target 7 lakhscustomers to be extended with fast Ethernet/ GigabitEthernet service to their buildings on Fiber.


30/41


31/41

FLAVORS OF PONFLAVORS OF PON

Broadband PONEthernet PON (EPON) / Gigabit Ethernet PON


Gigabit PON (GPON)


32/41



33/41



34/41



35/41

GEPON based Next Generation Play Networks Planning:The GEPON network do not support the redundancy so onlysingle fiber and single input splitters are planned.

There are 20 PON ports per GEPON chassis =


.

There are only 1:2, 1:4, 1:8. 1:16 and 1:32 splitters.

1:32 split architecture shall be used in the highlydense locations and multistoried buildings.


36/41

PLANNINGPLANNING GUIDELINESGUIDELINES

Out Door Network (ODN) planning & fiber planning forGPON

The OAN to be planned in all broadband cities bydeploying high count Optical Fiber cables.


The minimum fiber count to be deployed in these citieswill be 96Fibers or 288Fibers and above in main routes and24Fiber/12Fiber cables for the buildings. The leading fiber will be terminated in fiber termination box.


37/41

2:32 split architecture

It is desirable to have one splitter at the premises of the

customer / building / locality.

The two leading fiber from (24/12Fiber cable) cables,


fiber 1 & 2 will be input to the 2:32 splitter. These 2 fibercan be joined in the two sides of OAN. The other side of themain route fiber will form a ring and terminated on other

port.


38/41

Cascade split architecture in GPON

As the number of customers will be less in the beginning

and distributed across the city, cascade splitters can bedeployed to cover more area.The number of proposed split can be only two.


p ers may e use n any o e o ow ng com na onssuch as:

2:4 & 1:162:4 & 4X (1:8)2:8 & 1:4 etc.


39/41

A li i AA li i A


40/41

Application AreasApplication Areas

Residential or Business ServicesHigh Speed InternetTransparent LAN ServiceBroadcast Video


Multi-Play (Voice, Video, Data etc.)Private LineTDM TelephonyIP Telephony (VoIP)

Wireless ServicesWireless backhaul over PON


41/41


chapter16 ftth

Documents