chapter(6)application system modeling data modeling through er model

04/10/23 SEBP 1

Application System Modeling Data Modeling through ER Model

04/10/23 SEBP 2

Data Flow Diagram

ProcessEXTERNAL ENTITY

EXTERNAL ENTITY

DATA STORESData flow

Data flow Data flow

DATA STORES

Data flow

Coffee Making System

CUSTOMER CUSTOMERInsert Coin Get Coffee

Example -Coffee Making SystemMATERIAL DATABASE

Get Coffee Material

Update Database

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Context Level Diagram

Budget Monitoring

System

DEPARTMENTSMANAGEMENTSending request

Rejected Request

Budget AllocationRequest for approval

Response to

approval

Sending summaries

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Data Flow Diagram

1. It is a graphical tool for designing systems ,input ,process and output.

2. It represents flow of data through system.3. It shows the processes ,data stores ,sources &

destination entities .4. The transformation of data from input to output through

process is described logically.5. The top level diagram is called context diagram. It

contains single process .It gives a broad overview of the system under study.

6. There are two types of DFD.a) Logical DFDb) Physical DFD

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Symbols used in DFD

Process:

Here flow of data is transformed. E.g. verify credits, update inventory file.

YOURDAN Gane & Sarson

External Entity:

These are the entities lying outside the boundary of the system and interact with the system .A source or destination of data which is external to the system. E.g. supplier, customer etc.

Data Flow:

It is a packet of data .It is actual flow of data from 1 process to another. It may be in the form of a document, letter, telephone call etc.

Data Store:

It indicates the file stored in system or registers used in manual system. Any stored data e.g. inventory master file, customer master file.

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Steps to draw DFD Developing DFD follows a top down process. An initial overview model (context level )is exploded into more

detailed ,lower level diagrams. Each process is broken down into yet more detailed DFD. This is carried out repeatedly until sufficient detail is described.

Steps.1. Identify the sources i.e. entities which originate data and

sinks which receive final output.2. Identify the process as the activities of the system.3. Join the process and sources/sinks via data flow.4. The names of data stores ,sources & destinations are written

in capital letters. Process & data flow names have the first letter of each word capitalized

5. Sources cannot leak data directly to a data store.6. A data store cannot can not pass data directly to a

destination.7. Data cannot flow directly from one data store to another.

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Data Flow Diagram (cont.)Physical DFD

1. The DFD that shows how things happen and which are the actual physical component involved. Specify where, how and by whom the processes are performed.

2. Shows the system’s entities & data flows into and out from each entity .

3. Process names include a noun may be the name of the processor i.e. person ,dept ,comp-sys etc.

4. Data stores identify their computer and manual implementation. (e.g. clerks notebook etc.)

5. Data flow names include the implementation facts as media ,timing, name etc

Logical DFD1. The DFD that a clear idea of what the

system has to achieve without getting into details like “who is going to do it”. Specify what tasks/process the systems are doing.

2. Shows a system processes and data flows into and out of the processes .

3. Process name describe the work done. Process is labeled with verb that describes the activities being performed E.g. Order Processing

4. Physical location of data stores is irrelevant.

5. Data flow names describe the data they contain.

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Process modeling through Data Flow Diagrams (Logical / Physical)

Case studyDraw a PDFD and LDFD for order processing system

The activities include

1.Customer sends in order .

2.Orders are received by order processing clerk.

3.Order processing clerk verifies the order for the material before sending for further processing or rejecting it.

4.Rejected order will be sent to customer others will be entered into the computer file.

5.Order is processed and an invoice is prepared

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Process modeling through Data Flow Diagrams (Logical / Physical) (cont.)

CUSTOMER1

Order Processing

Clerk

Customer order 2Enter in the Computer

file

Accepted Customer OrderRejected

CUSTOMER ORDERS

3Run order Processing

Program

4Invoice

Preparation Clerk

CUSTOMERInvoice

Physical DFD

Logical DFD

CUSTOMER

1Receipt

&Verification

2Order

Processing

3Invoice

Preparation

Customer Order

Reject

Accepted Customer Order

Processed Order

GOODS DETAILS

CUSTOMER ORDERS

CUSTOMERInvoice

GOODS DETAILS

Customer Order Details

Good Details

Good Details Customer Order Details

Processed order details

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Context Level Diagram for Fixed Deposit System

Fixed Deposit System

0.0

CUSTOMER CUSTOMERFD A/C Opening Details

Payment Details

FD A/C Cancellation Details

Loan Application Details

Renewal of FD A/C

Fixed Deposit Receipt

Refund Payment Details

Payment Details

Interest Details

BANK

Interest Details

Reports

USER USER Request Query

Master Data Details

Reports

Answered Query

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First Level Diagram For FDS

FD Accountopening

CUSTOMER

1

CUSTOMERFD A/C Opening Details FD Receipt

DEPOSITOR

Depositor Details

FD A/C

FD Cancellation

2FD Cancellation Details Refund Payment Details

Depositor Details

FD A/C

FD Account Details

FD Account Details

Loan Processing

3Loan Application Details Loan and Payment Details

FD LOAN

Loan Details

FD A/C

FD Account Details

FD Renewal Process

4FD Renewal Details FD Receipt

FD A/C

FD Account Details

DEPOSITOR

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Payment ProcessingCUSTOMER

5

CUSTOMERPayment Details Payment Details

DEPOSITOR

Depositor Details

FD A/C

FD Account Details

FD Certificate

INTEREST RATE

FD Interest Rate Details

LOAN

Loan Details

LOAN TRANSACTION

Loan Transaction Details

Master Data

Maintenance

6

USER

FD INTEREST RATE

Master Data DetailsFD Interest Rate Details

Query Processing

7

USER

FD A/C

FD Account Details

FD LOAN

Loan Details

Depositor

Depositor Details

INTEREST RATE

FD Interest Rate Details

Request Query Answered Query

LOAN TRANSACTION


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CUSTOMER

Enroll FD A/C Details

1.1

FD A/C Details

Validation of FD A/C Details

1.2

Enrolled FD A/C Details

Display Error Message

1.3

Invalid Details

Updating of FD A/C Details

Valid Details

1.4FD A/C

FD A/C Details

Generate FD A/C Number

1.5

FD Details

FD A/C

FD A/C Number Details

Calculate Interest

1.6

FD A/C NO Details

INTEREST RATE

Interest Details

Update Interest Detail

into FD AC

Interest Details

1.7

CUSTOMER

FD A/C

FD A/C Interest Details

FD Receipt

Second Level DFD for Fixed Deposit SystemFD Account Opening

DEPOSITOR

Depositor Details

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FD Account Cancellation

CUSTOMER

Get FD A/C No.

Details

2.1

FD A/C No Details

Validation of FD A/C No

Details

2.2

Enrolled FD A/C No Details


2.3

Invalid FD A/C NO. Details

Get Cancel Date

Valid FD A/C NO .Details

2.4FD A/C

FD A/C Details

Check For Period

2.7

Valid Date

FD A/C

FD A/C Details

Calculate Payment

2.9

FD A/C Period Details

INTEREST RATE

Interest Details

Update FD A/C Status

to Close

Payment Details

2.10

CUSTOMER

FD A/C

FD A/C Closing Details

FD Receipt


2.5Invalid Date

FD Amount Details

Check for Pending Loan

2.6

No Loan

FD LOAN

Check For Pending Loan

Loan Pending

Display Loan Pending Message

2.7

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Loan Processing

CUSTOMER

Enroll FD Loan Details

3.1

FD LOAN Application Details

Validation of FD Loan Details

3.2

Enrolled FD Loan Details


3.3

Invalid Details

Updating of FD Loan Details

Valid FD Loan Details

3.4FD A/C

FD Loan Details

Generate Loan Number

3.5

FD Details

FD LOAN

Last Loan App.No.Details

Get Valid Issue amount

3.6

FD Loan NO. Details

Update into FD Loan

Amount Details

3.7

CUSTOMER

FD LOAN

FD Loan Amount Details

FD Loan Receipt

FD A/C Details

FD LOAN

New FD Loan Number

LOAN TRANSACTION

FD Loan Amount & Transaction Number

Mark PaymentStatus Pending

3.8FD LOAN

Status Details

Loan Number Details

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FD Renewal Process

CUSTOMERFD Renewal Details

Matured

4.1

Enrolled FD Renewal Details

Update new FD Period

Enroll FD Renewal Details

Validation of FD Renewal

Details


Invalid

Check FD maturity

Valid

Calculate FD Payment Amount

Update new FD Payment Amount

FD A/C

FD Period

FD Amount Details

Generate Receipt

FD A/C Number

FD A/C Number

INTEREST RATEInterest Rate Details

CUSTOMER

4.1 4.2 4.3

4.4

4.5

4.64.74.8

Receipt &Payment Amount

FD A/C Number

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CUSTOMERDifferentiate Payment

Type

Payment Details

5.1

Get FD A/C NO.

FD Payment Details

5.2

Display Error

Message

Invalid FD A/C OR FD Status Close

5.4

Check maturity duration

FD A/C

Check FD A/C NO.

5.3

FD A/C NO.

FD A/C Details

Valid FD A/C Number

Valid Duration

5.5

Check Repayment Details

5.7

Mark FD Status Close

5.14

CUSTOMER

Receipt Details & Cash Amount

FD A/C Number

Get Loan Number

5.8

FD Loan Details

LOAN

Loan Details

Check FD Loan NO.

5.9

Loan Number

Valid Loan Number

Check Loan Payment

Status

5.10

Loan Details

Status not Pending

Display Loan

Payment Given

Invalid Number

5.11

Get Amount Details

5.13Status Pending Invalid

Amount

Display Error

Message

5.13

Update Loan File

5.12

LOAN

Amount Details

Payment Processing

Invalid DurationDisplay

Not Matured Message

5.6

Transaction Receipt

FD A/C

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Master Data Maintenance

Accept Master Data DetailsUSER

Master Data Details

Validate Master Data Details

Master Data Details


Invalid Data

INTEREST RATE

Interest Rate Details

Update Master Data

6.16.2 6.3

6.4

Valid

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Query Processing

Accept Query DetailsUSER

Request Query

Validate Query Details

Accepted Query Details


Invalid Data

INTEREST RATE

Interest Rate Details

Select File For Query

6.16.2 6.3

6.4

Valid

Show Query Result

6.5

USERSelected Query Result or Report

Output Of Selected Query

FD A/C

FD Account Details

FD LOAN

Loan Details

Depositor

Depositor Details

LOAN TRANSACTION


04/10/23 SEBP 20

Case Study 1

ABC Hotels Pvt. Ltd. Wants to develop a front-end office Management system having following functions:

1. Enquiry and Advance Booking

2. Services Management

3. Check –Out and Billing Process

4. A/c. Receivables

5. Generating Reports

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Context Level Diagram

ABC Hotels Office Management

system

0.0

CUSTOMER CUSTOMEREnquiry Details

Booking Details

Hotel Details

Payment DetailsReceipt

Customer Details

BANK

Hotel Account Details

Reports

Customer Details

Bill Details

Ad. Booking Ack.Details

USER USERRequested query

Master Data Details

Reports

Answered Query

04/10/23 SEBP 22

First Level DFD for ABC Hotel Management system

Enquiry Processing

CUSTOMER Enquiry Room Details

BookingProcessing

Booking & Check in Details Booking Ack. Details

CUSTOMERService Details

ROOM MASTERSERVICE MASTERENQUIRY

1

Enquiry DetailsService Details Room Details

BOOKING

Booking Details

Customer Details

BOOKING

Booking DetailsRoom Details

ROOM MASTER

BillingProcessing

2

3Check out & Payment Details

CUSTOMER

Customer Details

Receipt &Bill Details

ROOM MASTERSERVICE MASTER

ServiceDetails

Room Details

BOOKING

Booking Details

BILL

Bill Details

BANK

CUSTOMER

Customer Details

Customer Details

Hotel Bank Account

Hotel Bank Account Details Customer Payment Details

BANKHotel Bank Account Details

Statements &Transaction Details

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Master Data

MaintenanceUSER Master Data Details

ROOM MASTER

Service Details

Room Details

SERVICE MASTER

4

Query Processing

5

Request QueryUSERAnswered Query & Reports

ROOM MASTERSERVICE MASTER

ServiceDetails

Room Details

BOOKING

Booking Details

BILL

Bill Details

CUSTOMER

Customer Details

Hotel Bank Account Details

Hotel Bank Account

ENQUIRY

Enquiry Details

04/10/23 SEBP 24

Context Level Diagram for Credit card system

0.0

Credit Card System

CUSTOMER CUSTOMER Customer Details

Proposal Details

Deposit Details

Withdrawal Details

Renewal Details

Cancellation Details

Payment Details

USER USER

Credit Card Details

Credit Card

Rejection Letter

Monthly Statements

Payment Details

Requested Query

Master Data Details Reports

Answered Query

SHOPKEEPERCustomer transaction details

Account D

etails

Updated Account Statement

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First Level Data Flow Diagram For Credit Card System

Customer Proposal

Processing

1

CUSTOMER CUSTOMERCustomer Details

Proposal Details

Credit Card

Rejection Letter

CUSTOMER

Accepted Proposal Customer Details

PROPOSALProposal Details

Customer Account Details

CUSTOMER ACCOUNT

Deposit Processing

Withdrawal Processing

2

3

Deposit Payment Details Deposit Receipt

CUSTOMER ACCOUNT

Deposit Details

Withdrawal Details Withdrawal Receipt

CUSTOMER

Customer Details


CUSTOMER ACCOUNT

Withdrawal Details

CUSTOMER

Customer Details


Credit Cash and purchase Limit Details

CUSTOMER CC

Customer Credit Card Details

CUSTOMER CC



CUSTOMER CC

CREDIT CARD

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Purchase Transaction Processing

4CUSTOMER CUSTOMERCredit Card Details Charge Slip

SHOPKEEPERS

Purchase Details

CUSTOMER ACCOUNT

Credit DetailsCustomer Account Details

Shop Keeper Account Details

SHOP KEEPER ACCOUNT

Debit Details

Shop Keeper Account Details

Credit Card Renewal Process

5

Renewal Details Subsidiary Credit Card


CUSTOMER CC


CUSTOMER CC

Credit Card Cancellation

Process

6

Credit Card Cancellation Details Credit Card Cancellation Acknowledgement


CUSTOMER CCCustomer Credit Cancellation Card Details

Overdue Details

CUSTOMER ACCOUNT


CUSTOMER TRANSACTION

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Payment ProcessingCUSTOMER CUSTOMER

7

Master File

Maintenance

CUSTOMER TRANSACTION CUSTOMER PAYMNET

Customer Transaction Details

Customer Payment Details

SERVICE CHARGES

Transaction Details

Service charge details

Payment Details

8

USER Master File Details

CREDIT CARD MASTER SERVICE CHARGES

Credit Card DetailsService Charges

Query Processing

9

USER

Request Query Answered Query

CREDIT CARD MASTER SERVICE CHARGES

Credit Card DetailsService Charges

CUSTOMER TRANSACTIONCUSTOMER PAYMNET

Customer Transaction Details

Customer Payment Details

Reports

CUSTOMER ACCOUNT

Customer Account Details Customer Credit Card Details

CUSTOMER CC

04/10/23 SEBP 28

Context level diagram For Loan Accounting System

Loan Accounting

System

CUSTOMER CUSTOMEREnquiry Loan DetailsLoan Installments

StatementsCustomer Details

USER USER

Request Query

Mas

ter D

ata

Det

ails

Answered Query

Reports

RBILoan Parameters Details

New Loan Sanction St.

MANAGER

Interest Statement D

etails

INTEREST REGISTER

Interest Details

Payment Details

04/10/23 SEBP 29

Railway Reservation

Agent System

CUSTOMER CUSTOMERReservation Details

Ticket

Customer Details Reservation Details

Ticket Payment

AGENTCustomer detailsOFFICE BOY

Ticket money

Tickets

Payment D

etails

Reservation Details

04/10/23 SEBP 30

Context level Diagram

Purchase Processing

DEPARTMENT Material Requisition Slip

STORES

Material Requisition

Slip

Material Issue Slip

SUPPLIER

Enquiry

Quotation

Purchase order

04/10/23 SEBP 31

Concepts of Object Oriented Modeling through State Transition Diagrams

chapter(6)application system modeling data modeling through er model

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