chapters 1 and 2. geography study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapters 1 and 2
Geography
• Study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth
5 Themes-Location
• “Where is it?”• Absolute-exact• Relative-comparative
5 Themes-Place
• “What is it like?”• Physical-landforms,
climate• Cultural-religion,
traditions
5 Themes-Region
• “How are places similar?”
• DFW• North Texas
5 Themes- Human-Environment Interaction
• “How do people interact with the environment?”
• Depend-rivers
• Modify-roads
• Adapt-clothes
5 Themes- Movement
• “How do people, goods, and ideas move from place to place?”
• Technology is most important
Equator
• An imaginary line that divides the earth into northern and southern halves
Prime meridian
• Imaginary line dividing the earth into eastern and western halves
Hemisphere
• Half of the earth
• Northern, southern, eastern, western
Globe
• 3-Dimensional representation of earth
• Not portable
Cartographer
• Person who makes maps
• Map is 2-D, distorts landmasses, and is portable
Topographic Map
• Shows natural and man-made features on the earth
Thematic Map
• Emphasizes specific information like climate or vegetation or population
GIS-Geographic Information System
• A system that uses digital map information to create a databank
• Can add or remove
different layers to
highlight certain
information
• Economic – financial issues, business
• Social – Culture, society
• Political – government, leaders
• Nature – Environment, resources, physical geography
Chapter 2
• Objective: Explain the physical forces that shape the Earth and how they affect people
Hydrosphere
• Includes all water on earth
• Ocean=71%
• The Blue Planet
Lithosphere
• The solid rock-portion of the earth’s surface
• Includes crust and upper most mantle
Atmosphere
• The oxygen we breathe, protects earth from radiation, allows for weather and climate to occur
Hydrologic Cycle
• Continuous circulation of water between earth, atmosphere and oceans
Magma/Lava
• Molten Rock under/above surface
Tectonic Plates
• Giant moving pieces of the earth’s crust
Plate Movement
• Divergent-move apart, spreading horizontally
• Convergent-collide, one goes under or both crumple
• Transform-slide past one another
Ring of Fire
• Zone around Pacific Ocean where most volcanoes and earthquakes occur
Earthquake
• Violent movement of the earth’s crust
Volcano
• Crack in the earth’s crust where molten rock exits
• Often on a mountain or bulge
• Violent
Tsunami
• Giant wave usually caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanoes
Destruction during Japanese Tsunami 2011
Aftermath at vehicle shipping yard
Weathering
• Process which acts upon the earth's surface to decompose and breakdown rocks and earth.
Glacier
• Large, slow moving mass of ice. Moves because of gravity
Erosion
• The movement of weathered material by wind, water, or ice