Chapters 19,20,&2

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Chapters 19,20,&2

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• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zhL5DCizj5c

19.1 TheIndustrialRevolution1800-1914

The 1st Industrial Revolution p. 614• Started 1780’s Great Britain –Why?• Agrarian revolution= more food.

– enclosure movement- fenced off common land. • pop growth- increase demand - food & cloth• Lassiez Faire economy-Free market (supply &

demand)• Plentiful natural resources(iron ore &coal). • Imperialism-markets to sell manufactured goods

New technologies increase prosperity p.615-618

• cottage industry– home production- inefficient

• New technology solutions– Cotton Industry

• “Flying Shutte” faster weaving• Spinning Jenny -produced thread• Water-powered loom

– Steam engine• Expanded coal mining

– Factories emerge • New labor system • Disciplined workers

– Child labor– Railroads

• move good quickly

Textile FactoryWorkers in England

Textile FactoryWorkers in England

1813 2400 looms 150, 000 workers

1833 85, 000 looms 200, 000 workers

1850 224, 000 looms >1 million workers

Coal Mining in Britain:1800-1914

The Spread of Industrialization p.618-619• Spread to countries with supportive

governments – Provided funds to improve transportation

• North America–Britain blockaded trade 1812–Forced to industrialize

Social Impact in Europe p.619 • Population & Urban Growth

–Why?– declining death rate

• No Famine = healthier people

• Thomas Malthus -when increased food supply, pop increases too fast for supply = famine, disease, & war. –Argued poor have

less children 

Worker Housing in Manchester

Worker Housing in Manchester

The Industrial Working Class p.620-621• Created working class

– wretched working conditions. • coal mines. • cotton mills. • Child labor

– Factory Act 1833 Britain• Limited child labor• Women become 50% textile workforce

– ½ of what men made– “Bread winner”-men support family

Work Rules Berlin 1844• Work day begins at 6am • Half hour break for breakfast• Hour break for dinner• Half hour for tea • Ends at 7pm • 2 minutes late loose half days

wage• More than two minutes late- will

not start work till after first break, or loose wage till then

• No worker can leave his place of work

• All conversations prohibited

Early socialism p.621• Created by reformers -help workers• socialism society

– Gov. owns & controls means of production (factories & utilities).

• Goal Ideal society (Utopian Society)– workers use their abilities– everyone’s needs are met

19-1 Review• Improved food supplies, large labor force,

and abundant money supply contributed to this countries Industrial Revolution.

• Britain• Railroad construction, coal mining, and

factory production were all newly created what by the Industrial Revolution?

• Jobs• The movement away from home

production, the need for more power, and increased exports of British cotton goods, were the results of what?

19-1 Review• Factory system• Money supply• capital• Seekers of new business opportunities • entrepreneurs• Invention that improved thread production • Spinning Jenny• Production method using rural at-home

workers • cottage industry• Governmental ownership and control of

production

19-1 Review• socialism • The steam engine, used to drive machinery,

was improved by who?• James Watt • The textile industry met its last major

challenge to full mechanization with the development of improvements to what?

• the steam engine