Characteristics of Matter

Chapter 13

Lesson 1/Investigate

E40-E47

How can Materials be Identified?

• Why It Matters…• Different materials each have their own unique physical and chemical properties. Different paints, for example, have

different colors. The properties of a material determine ways it can be used.

Discovering new properties of a material can lead to new uses and advances in

technology.

Objectives for the Lesson

• Observe that the physical properties of a material can be recognized or measured without changing the kind of matter making up the material.

• Describe some physical properties that can be used to identify a material, such as

viscosity, density, melting point, boiling

point, solubility in water, and conductivity.

Viscosity Fans! Viscosity is a measure of how much a fluid substance resists flowing. vis-cos-i-ty Pushing a spoon using a small force moves it easily through a bowl of water, but the same force moves oatmeal very slowly.

Some people like their oatmeal runny with lots of milk (the low-viscosity oatmeal fans), while others like their oatmeal stickier(the high viscosity oatmeal fans).

Which are You?Low-viscosity or High-viscosity

when it come to oatmeal.

What are you when we mentionranch dressing?

Cafeteriaor

Mazzio’s

Prepare to Investigate

• Inquiry Skill

When you use numbers, you use

numerical data, mathematical skills,

and language to describe and compare

objects and events.

You will be using all these skills today!

Record your data as youare conducting your experiment.

You will conduct the experimentwith your partner. Both of youwill complete the worksheet.However, you will be sharingsome of the materials with

your whole group.

What are some Life Principleswe will be practicing as we are

conductingour investigation?

On completion of the experiment you will need to write your

conclusion in complete sentences.

Vocabulary Terms

• Volume-The space an object takes up.

• Mass –Amount of material an object

contains and causes it to have

weight.

Density-Mass per unit volume of a sub-

stance.

Don’t worry if you getconfused about theseterms. I will help you

as we go along. Believe it or not most adults could

not tell you the differencesbetween the terms.

Safety!

• We will wear aprons/ old T-shirts

• We will wear goggles

• We will clean up any spills immediately

to avoid injuries from slippery floors.

Scientific Method

• Question/Purpose/Comparison

• Hypothesis

• Materials

• Procedures

• Data

• Conclusion/Results

Compare the Viscosity of Oil and Water

What is our Hypothesis?

Materials

• Two 250-ml beakers• Vegetable oil• Water• Balance • Cardboard

• 2 books• Masking tape• Plastic wrap• 2 droppers• Timer or stop watch

Let’s review these materials!

ProceduresI

• 1. COLLABORATE: – Work with a partner. – Using the balance, find the mass of an empty

250-ml beaker. – Then add 100-ml of vegetable oil to the

beaker. Find the mass of the oil. – Record the results on apiece of notebook

paper. Be organized with the recording of your data. You will be sharing.

What was the mass of the empty beaker?

What was the mass of the beaker and oil?

What was the mass of the oil?

• 2. USE NUMBERS: – Repeat step 1 with the other beaker and 100-

ml of water.– Compare the masses of the two liquids. – Then subtract to find the difference. – Record your results.

What was the mass of the water?

Calculate Density

• The formula for calculating the density of

a substance is to divide its mass by its

volume. ( D=M/V)

Let’s calculate the density of oil!

Let’s calculate the density of water!

What happens if we mix theoil and water?

• 3. OBSERVE: Pour the water into the oil and the stir the mixture with a plastic spoon. Observe the mixture for about

a minute. Record your observations.

What did you notice when you mixed the oil and water?

What can we conclude about viscosity and density?

What happens if we wereto now add alcohol to our

beaker that contains oil and water?

THE ENDVISCOSITY FANS!