ChE 414Chemical Engineering Laboratory II

September, 2011

Instructors

Glyn Kennell - Tuesday Naveenji Arun - Monday

Website: http://www.engr.usask.ca/classes/CHE/414/index.html

Text: ChE 414 Laboratory Manual

(available online at course website)

Office hours: During lab period and by email appointment

What Labs ?

• Liquid-liquid extraction• Fermentation: Kinetics of Yeast Growth• Distillation• Filtration• Boiling and Condensing• Fluidization

COURSE OBJECTIVES:

Develop skills in

- Equipment operation

- Data recording

- Analysis of the data using academic theory

- Technical report writing

in the selected typical Chem. Eng. processes

Marking

• Lab performance: (4X2.5%)

• Lab notebook: 10%

• Technical letters: (2X10%)

• Brief report: 25%

• Formal report: 35%

Overall mark: 100%

No exam

Plagiarism is DEFINITELY NOT acceptable!– Copy other people’s report– Citing without referencing the source

Plagiarism results in 0 mark for the report

Be aware of & Follow the new University of Saskatchewan Academic Honesty/Dishonesty definitions, rules and procedures

www.usask.ca/honesty.

Due Date and Overdue Penalty

• Due date– 2 weeks after the experiment date.

7 “free” late hand-in days for the whole course

Indicate on your report when use it.

• Penalty– 10% of the full marks (100) per week

(1.4%/day) deducted from the late reports– submissions will NOT be accepted after

Dec. 2nd, 2011.

Requirements

• Lab performance

• Write-ups: technical writing

• Fundamentals of each lab

Lab performance

Be prepared for:• Objectives• Theory / knowledge• Design of experiment• Parameters to be measured• Apparatuses, procedures and principles • Find out: what to learn

Initiate the contact for the pre-lab helpwith the lab coordinator

Lab performance

• Follow experimental procedures

• Record observations in Lab Notebook

• Test the validity of data and/or results

• Pay attention to SAFETY issues

– personnel

– equipment

During the experiments:

Write-ups / Reports

• Technical memo

• Brief report

• Formal report

• Lab notebook: during the experiments

Write-ups / Reports

One student is required to hand in– 2 technical letters

– 1 brief report

– 1 formal report

– 1 lab notebook

Write-ups / Reports

No repetition in each group for

– formal report

– brief report– technical letters

Write-ups / Reports

You Your partner

Tech. letters Labs A and B Labs C and D

Brief report Lab C Lab A

Formal report Lab D Lab B

Lab notebook Labs A,B,C,D Labs A,B,C,D

In one group, you may label the 4 labs by A, B, C, and D in your own order. Each member of the group should keep the same order.

Lab NotebookNo sheets of paper

Permanently bounded & recorded

• Briefly outline the title, apparatus, experimental conditions and procedures before labs

Suggest making table for recording data

• Record clearly all original observations& simple calculations of data

• MUST be examined, dated and initialed by the TAs before leaving the laboratory

Refer to ChE 333 class website for

RULES FOR LABORTORY NOTEBOOKS

Submit the lab notebook at the end of the term for marking

Lab Notebook

Technical Memorandum• Body of text: maximum two pages 

• Introduction

- concise introduction of the system used- a brief statement of the objectives of the experiment- a general description of the procedure followed

• Results- discussions and comparison of all required results with values from literature- a brief table of results can be inserted into text of memo- major graphs attached to support the conclusions 

• Conclusions and recommendations

• Sign your memo on the last page below the text

To:From: (your name, group X)Re: (Lab name)Date: (of the preparation of the memo)

Your group logo(optional)

The text of memo is put here below the line.

ChE 414 -- TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM GRADE SHEET

Student: ______________________________________

Experiment: ______________________________________ Date Performed: ___/___/___ Due Date: ___/___/___ Date Rec’d: ___/___/___ Free Late Days: ___

Late Penalty: ___ %

MAX MARK PRESENTATION

Title page……………………………...

Purpose clearly stated…………………

Experimental conditions & constants clearly stated…………………………..

Apparatus, procedure, conclusions, &

recommendations content…………......

READABILITY

Spelling & grammar…………………..

Sentence & paragraph structure/ clarity

Logical sequence & cohesiveness of writing…………………………………

TECHNICAL CONTENT (RESULTS)

Presentation & correctness……………

Discussion & interpretation…………...

Total 100

5

5

5

15

10

10

10

20

20

Formal Technical Report

– Title page– Abstract– Table of contents– Nomenclature– Introduction– Review of theory or literature– Experimental Section: apparatus and procedure– Results and Discussion– Conclusions– Recommendations– Reference– Appendices

Formal Technical Report

Title page• Course number• Name (Your name and state the partner’s name)• Lab title• Prepared for (instructor’s name)• Date lab done• Date report due

Formal Technical Report

Abstract• State briefly the purpose of the investigation• Describe briefly how the results are obtained• Give all required results in a concise and

quantitative format if possible.• Use words, no tables, figures and equations• Normally no more than 250 words.

Formal Technical Report

Nomenclature• Completely lists the symbols that appear

in your report, their definition and unit in a professional and consistent format.

Refer to a published paper.

Formal Technical Report

Introduction

• Include information on the subject of the investigation and its importance in industry

• Cite the references;

• Describe clearly the objectives of the lab.

Formal Technical Report

Literature review or theory• Provide sufficient theoretical background

to the particular experiments• Develop the equations or models to correlate

your experimental data.

detailed derivation placed in Appendix

• Describe how to obtain the model parameters and predict the particular system

• Cite the references

Formal Technical Report

Apparatus and Experimental Procedures

• Specify the main apparatuses used make, model and use

• Describe the procedures Highlight important experimental conditions

• Give the names of quality of the materials.

Make sure other people can repeat your work and obtain the same results if they follow your description.

Formal Technical ReportResults and Discussions

• Present the significant experiment results required in the Lab Manual in words and graphs.

• State the data treatment processes and the outcomes.

• Discuss the results of experiments and model simulations or predictions.

• Compare your results with that in literatures if available.

• Logically discuss and lead to conclusions.

Attention• Consistent format

• Conformity of units

• Figures or Tables in the body of text

– Titles of figures, axes, and tables

– Briefly state the experimental conditions

– Experimental data: represented by unique symbol for each group of data in figures

– Modeling curves: different lines with legends– Show model significance when fitting models

Figure 1. Modeling the effect of IS on Cr uptakes

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0 2 4 6 8 10

Equilibrium Cr concentration (mM)

Cr

up

take

(mm

ol/g

)

without NaCladdition

0.1M NaCl

0.1M NaCl

model predicting curve

model prediction when =1

pH 2.0

relative dev.: 5.1%

relative dev.: 11.5%

error bar: 95% confidence interval

Formal Technical Report

Conclusions and Recommendations

• Conclusions should be summarized following the discussions.

• Lists your suggestions on how we can improve the labs.

Formal Technical Report

Reference

• Completely lists every reference cited, mentioned or used in the text of the report in a professional and consistent format.

• Follows either the number order or the alphabetical order.

Formal Technical ReportReference format examples

In the text:……Adams concluded that ……1. However, that conclusion may be suspicious because ……2

In the Reference section:

References1. Adams, A. B. title of publication. ……2. Cook, H. M., Author #2, ……

Ref: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research

or in the text:It was concluded ( Adams, 2001) that ……. However, that conclusion may be suspicious (Davis and Volesky, 2001) because ……(Niu, et. al., 2005)

ReferencesAdams, A. B. year, title of publication, publisher, page (book)Davis, T. and B. Volesky, year, title of paper, volume, issue, pages (paper)Niu, C., M. Huang and M.Volesky, year ….

Ref: Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering

Formal Technical Report

Appendices

• Raw data (neat with tables)

• Calculated data

• Sample calculation (using a set of data to show the steps of calculations)

• Tables and Figures

ChE 414 – FORMAL REPORT GRADE SHEET

Student: _____________________ Experiment: __________________ Date Due: ___/___/___ Date Rec’d: ___/___/___ Late Penalty: _____%

REPORT SECTION CLARITY OF PRESENTATION

Max. Mark

TECHNICAL CONTENT

Max. Mark Title Page

2

Abstract

3 6

Table of Contents Nomenclature

3

Introduction Theory Apparatus Procedure

8 10

Pres. & Disc. Results

6 20

Conclusions

3 10

Recommendations

3 6

References

2

Appendices Experimental Data Calculated Results Sample Calculation

6 4 4 4

Totals 36 64

Report Mark = (Total Mark) * 0.35 = ____________ (MAX = 35)

Brief Technical Report– Title page and Table of contents – Summary

a brief introduction stating the nature and purpose of the investigation a brief explanation of the procedures and apparatuses a summary of all the required results 

– Results and Discussion: include major graphs or tables– Conclusions– Recommendations– Reference– Appendices: only raw experimental data and a sample

calculation

Absence of abstract, introduction, theory/literature review, materials and methods sections

ChE 414 – BRIEF REPORT GRADE SHEET

Student: _________________________________________ Experiment: _________________________________________ Due Date: ___/___/___ Date Rec’d: ___/___/___ Late Penalty: ____%

REPORT SECTION

CLARITY OF PRESENTATION Max. Mark

TECHNICAL CONTENT Max. Mark

Title Page 2

Nomenclature 1

Summary 5 15

Pres. & Disc. Results 10 20

Conclusions 5 10

Recommendations 5 10

Reference 2

Appendices Experimental Data Sample Calculation

5 5 5

Totals 35 65

Report Mark = (Total Mark) / 4 = ____________ (MAX = 25)

A good report

• Careful measurements• Correct calculations• Understanding and use of the

theory or models• Logical discussions• Correct conclusions

Organized

ClarityNo grammar & typographical errors

• References

Summary

• Academic theory understanding

• Lab performance

• WRITEUPS

Successful!