checklist of the coral reef fishes of baa atoll, maldives
TRANSCRIPT
CHECKLIST OF THE CORAL REEF FISHES OF BAA ATOLL, MALDIVES
BY
PASCALE CHABANET,1 PATRICK DURVILLE,2 RONALD FRICKE,3 HANI AMIR,4 AND LAURENT VIGLIOLA5
INTRODUCTION
The Maldives are an archipelago of nearly 1,200 coral islets forming a double chain of 26 atolls, which is situated in the Laccadive Sea, central Indian Ocean, southwest of India. Being a country with more territorial sea than land, the economy is essentially dependent on marine resources including fisheries, with fish providing more than 96% of animal proteins in the Maldives (Kent, 1997). Studies related to marine fish have been conducted primarily to address the concerns generated by the increase in economic development as the country has undergone rapid expansion and diversification since the late 1970.
Fisheries yields in the Maldives are largely composed of top-level predators such as tuna (MRS, 1996; Anderson et al., 1998; Adam and Kirkwood, 2001; Adam, 2006). However smaller species including baitfish such as silver sprat (Dussumieriidae), anchovies (Engraulidae) and fusiliers (Caesionidae), or reef fish such as sweepers (Pempheridae), cardinalfish (Apogonidae), damselfish (Pomacentridae) and triggerfish (Balistidae) are also targeted (Anderson and Hafiz, 1984; Adam and Jauharee, 2009). Shark fishing is one of the major secondary fishing activities in the Maldives (Anderson and Ahmed, 1993), which was developed as a response to a request from Asian markets (Martin and Hakeem, 2006), similar to live grouper fishery (Sattar and Adam, 2005). The marine aquarium trade is also experiencing rapid increase and more than 120 reef fish species are being exported, including species that are rare and vulnerable to overexploitation (Adam, 1995; Saleem and Adam, 2004). Due to the rise of tourism in the Maldives, the food demand for luxury fish such as groupers has dramatically increased (Adam, 2006; Newton et al., 2007). As a result, a decline in grouper populations is now observed. There is currently no enforced restriction on either baitfish or live grouper fishery (McClanahan, 2011). However, shark fishing is forbidden since 2008 (Anderson and Hafiz, 1984; Anderson and Ahmed, 1993).
_____________________________________________________________
1 IRD Réunion, UMR 227, BP 50172, 97492 Ste Clotilde cedex, La Réunion2 Aquarium de La Réunion, Port de Plaisance, 97434 St Gilles les Bains, La Réunion3 Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany4 MRC, H. White waves, Moonlight Higun, Malé – 20025, Maldives5 IRD Nouméa, UMR 227, BP A5, 98800 Nouméa cedex, Nouvelle-Calédonie
144
Despite an economy that is essentially depending on marine resources including fisheries, the reef fish stocks in the Maldives are among the least exploited in the Indian Ocean (Newton et al., 2007), as the artisanal fisheries have traditionally focused on pelagic species. The cultural preference to eat tuna is largely responsible for this condition (Risk and Sluka, 2000). Thus, Maldives reef fish communities are considered relatively undisturbed by fishing activities (Sluka and Miller, 2001; McClanaham, in press). A checklist of epipelagic and shore fishes of the Maldives Islands was compiled by Randall and Anderson (1993) who reported 899 species.
The project “Biodiversity, resources and conservation of the coral reefs of the Republic of Maldives” aims at studying the biodiversity of Maldives coral reefs. This checklist includes the shore fish species recorded from the upper 20 m at Baa Atoll.
SITES AND METHODS
The Baa Atoll is located in the northern third of the Maldives archipelago (5° 23' N - 4° 49'N) on the western side of the double chain of atolls making up the central Maldives (Fig. 1). The atoll, approximately 40 km long and wide, has a discontinuous rim characterised by numerous deep passages, which allow oceanic currents and waves to penetrate the lagoon. The study sites were chosen according to the representation of habitats within and outside the MPAs (Andrefouët et al., this issue). The twenty-one sampled stations for fish survey included shallow and deep strata including reef flat and reef slope (lagoon and outer reef), reef ridge (lagoon), pass slope (outer reef) and seagrass flat (Fig. 1).
The fish diversity (total number of species) was estimated using underwater visual census methods. At each station, species list was built from the combination of a 40 minutes random path and a 50 x 10 m belt transect. For some stations, small cryptic species were collected using an anaesthetic (eugenol) over 1m2 of reef. Anderson’s book (2005) has been used occasionally for fish identification. All surveys were conducted in June 2009.
In order to minimize the effect of the sampling effort and to enable a comparison between the diversities of different areas, some authors recommend the use of a theoretic species richness (SRth) (Werner & Allen, 1998; Allen & Werner, 2002). The calculation of SRth is based on the number of species (or CFDI = Coral Fish Diversity Index) of the six most common families easily observed underwater, i.e the Chaetodontidae, Pomacanthidae, Pomacentridae, Labridae, Acanthuridae and Scaridae. SRth is a function of the island size and for islands < 2,000 km2 (e.g. the Maldives), SRth is calculated as follows (Allen & Werner, 2002):
SRth = 3.39 CFDI - 20.595
We used this approach to compare reef fish diversity of Baa and the Maldives with that reported by other studies in other islands of Indian Ocean regions.
145
Figure 1. Location of the study area (Baa Atoll) in the Maldives and location of the sampling stations. According to reef geomorphology, the following biotopes were differentiated: lagoon reef flat (3, 8, 28), lagoon reef ridge (11), lagoon reef slope (1, 5, 6, 10, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25), outer reef flat (15), outer reef pass slope (4, 17), outer reef slope (7, 14, 18, 27) and seagrass flat (2).
146
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
A total of 349 bony fish species (Osteichthyes) belonging to 46 families were recorded (Table 1, Plates 1- 3). Only one chondrichthyes (Manta alfredi) was observed during our sampling. Despite the extensive amount of time spent underwater, no shark was observed during our survey. Of the 350 species recorded, 30 species of small cryptic fish species were collected with clove oil. More than half of the recorded species (51.6%) belonged to six families: Labridae (47 sp, 13.4% of the total species), Pomacentridae (33 sp, 9.4%), Chaetodontidae (29 sp, 8.2%), Gobiidae (28 sp, 8%), Acanthuridae (24 sp, 6.9%) and Serranidae (20 sp, 5.7%). Only four stations provided a lower diversity than 100 species; they are located on shallow areas as seagrass flat (station 2) and reef flats (stations 3, 8 and 15). On the other hand, six stations situated on reef slopes (stations 10, 17, 19, 25 and 27) and outer reef ridge (station 11) yielded more than 130 species (Table 1). Some species were found only on specific biotopes: Cheilio inermis, Calotomus carolinus, Leptoscarus vaigiensis, Pardachirus sp, Arothron hispidus and A. immaculatus on seagrass flat, and Lethrinus harak, Rhinecanthus aculeatus and R. rectangulus on reef flat stations (stations 8 and 15). Five species are endemic to Maldives (1.4% of the total shore fish species recorded during the fieldtrip): the black-finned clownfish Amphiprion nigripes (Pomacentridae), the black-flag sandperch Parapercis signata (Pinguipedidae), the Maldivian triple-fin Helcogramma larvata and Helcogramma maldivensis (Tripterygiidae) and the comb-tooth blenny Ecsenius minutus (Blenniidae).
Comparison of the 350 fish species recorded at Baa Atoll during the present study with the species richness values recorded from other islands in the Indian Ocean revealed that Baa had one of the highest theoretic fish species richness recorded in the Indian Ocean region (Table 2). The Maldives belong to one of the eleven marine biodiversity hotspot regions identified on Earth, hotspot that encompasses the Maldives, Chagos islands and much of the Lakshadweep and Lakkadives archipelagoes as well as Sri Lanka. On the Southern hemisphere, Reunion island has also a high species richness compared to others islands of the Mascareignes archipelago (Rodrigues) and Mozambique Channel (Juan de Nova, Glorieuses, Geyser, Mayotte). This could be due to the higher sampling effort at the Reunion island since reef fish research is permanently conducted there since the 90’s (eg. Letourneur, 1992; Chabanet, 1994) while in other areas inventories are conducted over a few weeks only.
These results indicate that the coral reefs of Baa Atoll have a high fish diversity, suggesting a relatively healthy system, keeping in mind its proximity to Asia and the “coral triangle” where diversity is maximum in the Indo-Pacific. However, some of the largest apex predators (Carangidae, Sphyraenidae, Lutjanidae) were rare. Notably, not a single shark (Carcharhinidae) was observed during the 10 days fish survey. Angling and shark fishing are likely the cause of such dramatic depopulation. In turn, parrotfishes (Scaridae) and surgeonfishes (Acanthuridae) were abundant and displayed sizes near their maximum lengths, while their behaviour was nearly unaffected by the presence of divers, which is typical for areas (usually MPAs) where spear and net fishing is prohibited.
147
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1.
Inve
ntor
y of
the
reef
fish
es o
f the
Baa
ato
ll, M
aldi
ves (
from
dep
ths o
f 0-2
0 m
) acc
ordi
ng to
stat
ions
whe
re th
ey w
ere
sam
pled
(U
VC
: und
erw
ater
vis
ual c
ensu
s, C
O: c
love
oil,
Ph:
pho
to).
The
tota
l num
ber o
f spe
cies
reco
rded
by
UV
C is
spec
ify fo
r eac
h st
atio
n at
th
e en
d of
the
tabl
e. S
ee F
ig. 1
for t
he lo
calis
atio
n of
stat
ions
.
148Families - Species - Authors / stations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 14 15 17 18 19 21 22 24 25 27 28MyliobatidaeManta alfredi (Krefft, 1868) UVC 1 1MuraenidaeGymnothorax berndti Snyder, 1904 UVC 1Gymnothorax breedeni McCosker & Randall, 1977 UVC 1Gymnothorax flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1830) UVC 1Gymnothorax javanicus (Bleeker, 1859) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1Gymnothorax undulatus (Lacepède, 1803) UVC 1 1 1SynodontidaeSaurida gracilis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Synodus binotatus Schultz in Schultz et al., 1953 CO 1Synodus variegatus (Lacepède, 1803) UVC 1 1 1AtherinidaeHypoatherina barnesi Schultz, 1953 UVC 1 1 1 1HolocentridaeMyripristis adusta Bleeker, 1853 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1Myripristis berndti Jordan & Evermann, 1903 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Myripristis kuntee Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 UVC 1 1 1Myripristis pralinia Cuvier, 1829 UVC 1 1Myripristis violacea Bleeker, 1851 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Myripristis vittata Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 UVC 1 1Neoniphon sammara (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) UVC 1 1 1Sargocentron caudimaculatum (Rüppell, 1838) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Sargocentron diadema (Lacepède, 1802) UVC 1 1 1 1 1Sargocentron spiniferum (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Sargocentron tiere (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) UVC 1Sargocentron violaceum (Bleeker, 1853) UVC 1 1 1AulostomidaeAulostomus chinensis (Linnaeus, 1766) UVC 1 1 1 1SyngnathidaeCorythoichthys schultzi Herald in Schultz et al ., 1953 UVC 1 1 1FistulariidaeFistularia commersonii Rüppell, 1838 UVC 1ScorpaenidaePterois antennata (Bloch, 1787) UVC 1 1 1
Pter
ois m
iles
(Ben
nett,
182
8)U
VC
11
1Sc
orpa
enod
es p
arvi
pinn
is (
Gar
rett,
186
3)C
O1
Scor
paen
odes
var
ipin
nis
Smith
, 195
7C
O1
Scor
paen
opsi
s dia
bolu
s (C
uvie
r, 18
29)
UV
C1
1Sc
orpa
enop
sis o
xyce
phal
a (B
leek
er, 1
849)
UV
C1
1Se
bast
apis
tes c
yano
stig
ma
(Ble
eker
, 185
6)U
VC
1Pl
atyc
epha
lidae
Thys
anop
hrys
chi
ltona
e Sc
hultz
in S
chul
tz e
t al.,
196
6C
O1
Serr
anid
aeAe
thal
oper
ca ro
gaa
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
1An
yper
odon
leuc
ogra
mm
icus
(Cuv
ier i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1828
)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Ceph
alop
holis
arg
us B
loch
& S
chne
ider
, 180
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ce
phal
opho
lis le
opar
dus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Ceph
alop
holis
min
iata
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
1Ce
phal
opho
lis se
xmac
ulat
a (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Ce
phal
opho
lis u
rode
ta (B
loch
& S
chne
ider
, 180
1)U
VC
11
11
11
1Ep
inep
helu
s mer
ra B
loch
, 179
3U
VC
11
11
1Ep
inep
helu
s oce
anic
us (L
acep
ède,
180
2)
UV
C1
1Ep
inep
helu
s pol
yphe
kadi
on (
Ble
eker
, 184
9)U
VC
11
1Ep
inep
helu
s spi
loto
ceps
Sch
ultz
in S
chul
tz e
t al.
, 195
3U
VC
11
11
11
11
1Ep
inep
helu
s tau
vina
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
1G
raci
la a
lbom
argi
nata
(Fow
ler &
Bea
n, 1
930)
UV
C1
1G
ram
mis
tes s
exlin
eatu
s (T
hunb
erg,
179
2)U
VC
1Pl
ectr
opom
us la
evis
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Ps
euda
nthi
as e
vans
i (S
mith
, 195
4)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Pseu
dant
hias
igni
tus
(Ran
dall
& L
ubbo
ck, 1
981)
UV
C1
11
Pseu
dant
hias
squa
mip
inni
s (P
eter
s, 18
55)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
1Ps
eudo
gram
ma
poly
acan
tha
(Ble
eker
, 185
6)C
O1
Vari
ola
lout
i (F
orss
kål,
1775
)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Pseu
doch
rom
idae
Chlid
icht
hys i
norn
atus
Lub
bock
, 197
6C
O1
11
Ples
iopi
dae
Callo
ples
iops
alti
velis
(Ste
inda
chne
r, 19
03)
UV
C1
1Pr
iaca
nthi
dae
Pria
cant
hus h
amru
r (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
Apo
goni
daeFa
mili
es -
Spec
ies -
Aut
hors
/ st
atio
ns1
23
45
67
810
1114
1517
1819
2122
2425
2728
Myl
ioba
tidae
Man
ta a
lfred
i (K
reff
t, 18
68)
UV
C1
1M
urae
nida
eG
ymno
thor
axbe
rndt
i Sn
yder
, 190
4U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax b
reed
eni
McC
oske
r & R
anda
ll, 1
977
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
flav
imar
gina
tus
(Rüp
pell,
183
0)U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax ja
vani
cus
(Ble
eker
, 185
9)U
VC
11
11
11
Gym
noth
orax
und
ulat
us (L
acep
ède,
180
3)U
VC
11
1Sy
nodo
ntid
aeSa
urid
a gr
acili
s (Q
uoy
& G
aim
ard,
182
4)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Syno
dus b
inot
atus
Sch
ultz
in S
chul
tz e
t al.,
195
3C
O1
Syno
dus v
arie
gatu
s (L
acep
ède,
180
3)U
VC
11
1A
ther
inid
aeH
ypoa
ther
ina
barn
esi
Sch
ultz
, 195
3U
VC
11
11
Hol
ocen
trid
aeM
yrip
rist
is a
dust
a B
leek
er, 1
853
UV
C1
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is b
ernd
ti Jo
rdan
& E
verm
ann,
190
3U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
kun
tee
Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
31U
VC
11
1M
yrip
rist
is p
ralin
ia C
uvie
r, 18
29U
VC
11
Myr
ipri
stis
vio
lace
a B
leek
er, 1
851
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
vitt
ata
Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
31U
VC
11
Neon
ipho
n sa
mm
ara
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on c
audi
mac
ulat
um (R
üppe
ll, 1
838)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on d
iade
ma
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
802)
UV
C1
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
spin
iferu
m (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on ti
ere
(Cuv
ier i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1829
)U
VC
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on v
iola
ceum
(Ble
eker
, 185
3)U
VC
11
1A
ulos
tom
idae
Aulo
stom
us c
hine
nsis
(Lin
naeu
s, 17
66)
UV
C1
11
1Sy
ngna
thid
aeCo
ryth
oich
thys
schu
ltzi
Her
ald
in S
chul
tz e
t al.
, 195
3U
VC
11
1Fi
stul
ariid
aeFi
stul
aria
com
mer
soni
i R
üppe
ll, 1
838
UV
C1
Scor
paen
idae
Pter
ois a
nten
nata
(Blo
ch, 1
787)
UV
C1
11
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
149
Apog
on c
f. ch
ryso
taen
ia B
leek
er, 1
851
UV
C1
Apog
on d
orys
sa (
Jord
an &
Sea
le, 1
906)
CO
1Ap
ogon
fleu
rieu
(La
cepè
de, 1
802)
CO
1Ap
ogon
coo
kii
Mac
leay
, 188
1U
VC
11
11
1Ch
eilo
dipt
erus
art
us S
mith
, 196
1U
VC
11
11
1Ch
eilo
dipt
erus
isos
tigm
us (
Schu
ltz, 1
940)
UV
C1
11
Chei
lodi
pter
us li
neat
us (L
acep
ède,
180
1)U
VC
11
Chei
lodi
pter
us q
uinq
uelin
eatu
s C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
28U
VC
1O
stor
hinc
hus a
ngus
tatu
s (S
mith
& R
adcl
iffe
in R
adcl
iffe,
191
1)
UV
C1
1O
sror
hinc
hus n
igro
fasc
iatu
s (L
achn
er, 1
953)
UV
C/C
O1
11
11
11
11
1O
stor
hinc
hus n
ovem
fasc
iatu
s (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
28)
CO
1Pr
istia
pogo
n fr
aena
tus
(Val
enci
enne
s, 18
32)
UV
C1
Pris
tiapo
gon
kallo
pter
us (B
leek
er, 1
856)
U
VC
11
Pris
tiapo
gon
taen
iopt
erus
(Ben
nett,
183
6)U
VC
1Ap
ogon
sp.
1M
alac
anth
idae
Mal
acan
thus
lato
vitta
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
Car
angi
dae
Cara
ngoi
des f
erda
u (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
Cara
nx ig
nobi
lis (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
1Ca
ranx
mel
ampy
gus
Cuv
ier i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1833
UV
C1
11
11
Lutj
anid
aeAp
hare
us fu
rca
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
Apri
on v
ires
cens
Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30U
VC
11
11
11
Lutjn
anus
big
utta
tus
(Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30)
UV
C1
11
Lutja
nus b
ohar
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Lutja
nus g
ibbu
s (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
Lutja
nus k
asm
ira
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
1Lu
tjanu
s mon
ostig
ma
(Cuv
ier i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1828
)U
VC
11
11
1M
acol
or m
acul
aris
Fow
ler,
1931
UV
C1
11
11
11
1M
acol
or n
iger
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
Cae
sion
idae
Caes
io lu
nari
s C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30U
VC
11
Caes
io x
anth
onot
a B
leek
er, 1
853
UV
C1
1Pt
eroc
aesi
o ch
ryso
zona
(Cuv
ier i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1830
)U
VC
1Pt
eroc
aesi
o m
arri
Sch
ultz
in S
chul
tz e
t al.
, 195
3U
VC
1
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
150
Pter
ocae
sio
pisa
ng (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
11
1Pt
eroc
aesi
o til
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
Pter
ocae
sio
trili
neat
a C
arpe
nter
, 198
7U
VC
11
11
Hae
mul
idae
Plec
torh
inch
us c
haet
odon
oide
s L
acep
ède,
180
1U
VC
1Pl
ecto
rhin
chus
obs
curu
s (G
ünth
er, 1
872)
UV
C1
Plec
torh
inch
us v
ittat
us (
Linn
aeus
, 175
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Le
thri
nida
eG
nath
oden
tex
aure
olin
eatu
s (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Le
thri
nus h
arak
(Fo
rssk
ål in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
1Le
thri
nus o
livac
eus
Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30U
VC
1Le
thri
nus x
anth
ochi
lus
Klu
nzin
ger,
1870
UV
C1
11
Leth
rinu
s sp
.U
VC
1M
onot
axis
gra
ndoc
ulis
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1N
emip
teri
dae
Scol
opsi
s aur
ata
(Par
k, 1
797)
UV
C1
Scol
opsi
s bili
neat
a (B
loch
, 179
3)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Mul
lidae
Mul
loid
icht
hys f
lavo
linea
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
Paru
pene
us b
arbe
rinu
s (L
acep
ède,
180
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Paru
pene
us c
yclo
stom
us (L
acep
ède,
180
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Pa
rupe
neus
mac
rone
mus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Paru
pene
us p
leur
ostig
ma
(Ben
nett,
183
1)U
VC
11
11
Paru
pene
us tr
ifasc
iatu
s (L
acep
ède,
180
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
Pem
pher
idae
Para
pria
cant
hus r
anso
nnet
i St
eind
achn
er, 1
870
UV
C1
1K
ypho
sida
eKy
phos
us v
aigi
ensi
s (Q
uoy
& G
aim
ard,
182
5)U
VC
1C
haet
odon
tidae
Chae
todo
n au
riga
For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Chae
todo
n be
nnet
ti C
uvie
r, 18
31U
VC
1Ch
aeto
don
citr
inel
lus
Cuv
ier,
1831
UV
C1
11
11
11
Chae
todo
n co
llare
Blo
ch, 1
787
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
Chae
todo
n de
cuss
atus
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
Chae
todo
n fa
lcul
a B
loch
, 179
5U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ch
aeto
don
gutta
tissi
mus
Ben
nett,
183
3U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
151Chaetodon interruptus Ahl, 1923 UVC 1 1Chaetodon kleinii Bloch, 1790 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon lineolatus Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 UVC 1 1 1Chaetodon lunula (Lacepède, 1802) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon madagaskariensis Ahl, 1923 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon melannotus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon meyeri Schneider in Bloch & Schneider, 1801 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon ornatissimus Cuvier, 1831 UVC 1Chaetodon oxycephalus Bleeker, 1853 UVC 1 1 1Chaetodon plebeius Cuvier, 1831 UVC 1Chaetodon triangulum Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon trifascialis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon trifasciatus Park, 1797 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chaetodon vagabundus Linnaeus, 1758 UVC 1Chaetodon xanthocephalus Bennett, 1833 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Forcipiger flavissimus Jordan & McGregor in Jordan & Evermann, 189 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Forcipiger longirostris (Broussonet, 1782) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Hemitaurichthys zoster (Bennett, 1831) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758) UVC 1 1Heniochus monoceros Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Heniochus pleurotaenia Ahl, 1923 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Heniochus singularius Smith & Radcliffe, 1911 UVC 1PomacanthidaeApolemichthys trimaculatus (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1831) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Centropyge multispinis (Playfair in Playfair & Günther, 1867) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Pomacanthus xanthometopon (Bleeker, 1853) UVC 1Pygoplites diacanthus (Boddaert, 1772) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1CirrhitidaeCirrhitichthys oxycephalus (Bleeker, 1855) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1Cirrhitus pinnulatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) UVC 1Paracirrhites arcatus (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) UVC 1 1 1Paracirrhites forsteri (Schneider in Bloch & Schneider, 1801) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1PomacentridaeAbudefduf vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) UVC 1 1Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster (Bleeker, 1847) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Ambl
ygly
phid
odon
bat
unai
Alle
n, 1
995
UV
C1
Amph
ipri
on c
lark
ii (B
enne
tt, 1
830)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
1Am
phip
rion
nig
ripe
s R
egan
, 190
8U
VC
11
11
Chro
mis
agi
lis S
mith
, 196
0U
VC
11
Chro
mis
atr
ipec
tora
lis W
elan
der &
Sch
ultz
, 195
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Chro
mis
dim
idia
ta (
Klu
nzin
ger,
1871
)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ch
rom
is fl
avip
ecto
ralis
Ran
dall,
198
8U
VC
11
11
1Ch
rom
is le
pido
lepi
s B
leek
er, 1
877
UV
C1
Chro
mis
nig
rura
Sm
ith, 1
960
UV
C1
Chro
mis
ope
rcul
aris
(Gün
ther
, 186
7)U
VC
11
11
11
11
1Ch
rom
is te
rnat
ensi
s (B
leek
er, 1
856)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ch
rom
is v
irid
is C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1Ch
rom
is w
eber
iFo
wle
r & B
ean,
192
8U
VC
11
11
11
11
Chro
mis
xut
ha R
anda
ll, 1
988
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
1Ch
rysi
pter
a br
ownr
iggi
i (B
enne
tt, 1
828)
U
VC
1Ch
rysi
pter
a gl
auca
(Cuv
ier i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1830
)U
VC
1Ch
rysi
pter
a un
imac
ulat
a (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30)
UV
C1
1D
ascy
llus a
ruan
us (L
inna
eus,
1758
)
U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Das
cyllu
s car
neus
Fis
cher
, 188
5U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1D
ascy
llus t
rim
acul
atus
(Rüp
pell,
182
9)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Lepi
dozy
gus t
apei
noso
ma
(Ble
eker
, 185
6)U
VC
11
1Pl
ectr
ogly
phid
odon
dic
kii
(Lié
nard
, 183
9)U
VC
11
Plec
trog
lyph
idod
on la
crym
atus
(Q
uoy
& G
aim
ard,
182
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Pom
acen
trus
cae
rule
us Q
uoy
& G
aim
ard,
182
5U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Pom
acen
trus
chr
ysur
us C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
30U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Po
mac
entr
us in
dicu
s A
llen,
199
1
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Pom
acen
trus
nag
asak
iens
is T
anak
a, 1
917
UV
C1
11
11
Pom
acen
trus
pav
o (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
Pom
acen
trus
phi
lippi
nus
Eve
rman
n &
Sea
le, 1
907
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1St
egas
tes f
asci
olat
us (O
gilb
y, 1
889)
UV
C1
Steg
aste
s nig
rica
ns (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
Labr
idae
An
amps
es c
aeru
leop
unct
atus
Rüp
pell,
182
9U
VC
1An
amps
es m
elea
grid
es V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1840
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
Bodi
anus
axi
llari
s (B
enne
tt, 1
832)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
Bodi
anus
bilu
nula
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
152
Bodi
anus
dia
na (L
acep
ède,
180
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
1Ch
eilin
us c
hlor
ouru
s (B
loch
, 179
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Chei
linus
fasc
iatu
s (B
loch
, 179
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Chei
linus
oxy
ceph
alus
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
Chei
linus
trilo
batu
s La
cepè
de, 1
801
UV
C1
11
11
1Ch
eilin
us u
ndul
atus
Rüp
pell,
183
5U
VC
11
1Ch
eilio
iner
mis
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
1Co
ris c
uvie
ri (B
enne
tt, 1
831)
UV
C1
11
11
11
Cori
s fre
rei
(Gün
ther
in P
layf
air &
Gün
ther
, 186
7)U
VC
11
1Co
ris b
atue
nsis
(Ble
eker
, 185
6)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Cym
olut
es p
raet
exta
tus
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
834)
UV
C1
Cirr
hila
brus
exq
uisi
tus
Sm
ith, 1
957
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ep
ibul
us in
sidi
ator
(Pal
las,
1770
)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Gom
phos
us c
aeru
leus
Lac
epèd
e, 1
801
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1H
alic
hoer
es c
osm
etus
Ran
dall
& S
mith
, 198
2U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Hal
icho
eres
hor
tula
nus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1H
alic
hoer
es la
mar
ii C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1839
U
VC
11
11
11
11
1H
alic
hoer
es le
ucox
anth
us R
anda
ll &
Sm
ith, 1
982
UV
C1
11
11
1H
alic
hoer
es n
ebul
osus
(Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
39)
UV
C1
11
Hal
icho
eres
scap
ular
is (B
enne
tt, 1
832)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1H
alic
hoer
es tr
ispi
lus
Ran
dall
& S
mith
, 198
2U
VC
11
11
Hal
icho
eres
vro
likii
(Ble
eker
, 185
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Hem
igym
nus f
asci
atus
(Blo
ch, 1
792)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1H
emig
ymnu
s mel
apte
rus
(Blo
ch, 1
791)
U
VC
11
11
11
11
1H
olog
ymno
sus a
nnul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
1La
broi
des b
icol
or F
owle
r & B
ean,
192
8U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Labr
oide
s dim
idia
tus
(Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
39)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Labr
icht
hys u
nilin
eatu
s (G
uich
enot
, 184
7)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Mac
roph
aryn
godo
n bi
part
itus
Smith
, 195
7U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Nova
culic
hthy
s tae
niou
rus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
801)
UV
C1
1O
xych
eilin
us b
imac
ulat
us (V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
18U
VC
1O
xych
eilin
us d
igra
mm
us (L
acep
ède,
180
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ps
eudo
chei
linus
eva
nidu
s Je
nkin
s, 19
01U
VC
1Ps
eudo
chei
linus
hex
atae
nia
(Ble
eker
, 185
7)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ps
eudo
dax
mol
ucca
nus
(Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
40U
VC
11
11
11
1St
etho
julis
alb
ovitt
ata
(Bon
nate
rre,
178
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
153Stethojulis strigiventer (Bennett, 1832) UVC 1Stethojulis trilineata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) UVC 1 1Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker, 1856) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett, 1830) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Thalassoma jansenii (Bleeker, 1856) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker, 1856) UVC 1 1Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1ScaridaeCalotomus carolinus (Valenciennes, 1840) UVC 1Cetoscarus ocellatus (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chlorurus capistratoides (Bleeker, 1847) UVC 1Chlorurus sordidus (Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Chlorurus strongylocephalus (Bleeker, 1854) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Hipposcarus harid (Forsskål, 1775) UVC 1 1 1 1Leptoscarus vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) UVC 1Scarus caudofasciatus (Günther, 1862) UVC 1Scarus frenatus Lacepède, 1802 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Scarus niger Forsskål, 1775 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Scarus prasiognathus Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 UVC 1 1Scarus psittacus Forsskål in Niebuhr, 1775 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Scarus rubroviolaceus Bleeker, 1847 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Scarus russelli Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 UVC 1 1 1 1 1Scarus scaber Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1840 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Scarus strongylocephalus (Bleeker, 1854) UVC 1Scarus tricolor Bleeker, 1847 UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1PinguipedidaeParapercis hexophtalma (Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1829) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Parapercis millepunctata (Günther, 1860) UVC 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Parapercis signata Randall, 1984 UVC 1TripterygiidaeHelcogramma larvata Fricke & Randall, 1992 UVC 1Helcogramma maldivensis Fricke & Randall, 1992 UVC/CO 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1BlenniidaeAspidontus taeniatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834 UVC 1Cirripectes auritus Carlson, 1981 UVC 1 1Cirripectes sp. UVC 1
Ecse
nius
bic
olor
(D
ay, 1
888)
UV
C1
11
11
11
Ecse
nius
line
atus
Kla
usew
itz, 1
962
UV
C1
11
1Ec
seni
us m
idas
Sta
rck,
196
9 U
VC
1Ec
seni
us m
inut
us K
laus
ewitz
, 196
3U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
eiac
anth
us sm
ithi
Kla
usew
itz, 1
962
UV
C1
11
Plag
iotr
emus
phe
nax
Sm
ith-V
aniz
, 197
6U
VC
11
Plag
iotr
emus
rhin
orhy
ncho
s (B
leek
er, 1
852)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
Sala
rias
fasc
iatu
s (B
loch
, 178
6)U
VC
1G
obiid
aeAm
blye
leot
ris s
tein
itzi
(Kla
usew
iz, 1
974)
UV
C1
Ambl
yele
otri
s sp
.U
VC
11
Ambl
ygob
ius h
ecto
ri (S
mith
, 195
7)U
VC
11
11
Ambl
ygob
ius s
emic
inct
us (B
enne
tt, 1
833)
UV
C/C
O1
1Br
yani
nops
ery
thro
ps (
Jord
an &
Sea
le, 1
906)
CO
1Br
yani
nops
nat
ans
Lar
son,
198
5U
VC
11
11
11
11
Brya
nino
ps ti
gris
Lar
son,
198
5PH
1Ct
enog
obio
ps c
roci
neus
Sm
ith, 1
959
CO
1Ev
iota
alb
olin
eata
Jew
ett &
Lac
hner
, 198
3C
O1
Evio
ta g
utta
ta
Lach
ner &
Kar
nella
, 197
8U
VC
/CO
11
11
11
11
11
Evio
ta n
ebul
osa
Smith
, 195
8C
O1
Evio
ta n
igri
vent
ris
Gilt
ay, 1
933
CO
1Ev
iota
sebr
eei
Jord
an &
Sea
le, 1
906
CO
11
Evio
ta ze
brin
a L
achn
er &
Kar
nella
, 197
8U
VC
/CO
11
11
Fusi
gobi
us d
uosp
ilus
Hoe
se &
Rea
der,
1985
UV
C1
1Fu
sigo
bius
neop
hytu
s (G
ünth
er, 1
877)
UV
C/C
O1
11
11
11
11
1G
nath
olep
isan
jere
nsis
(Ble
eker
, 185
1)U
VC
1G
nath
olep
is c
auer
ensi
s (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C/C
O1
11
11
1G
obio
don
rivu
latu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
CO
1G
obio
don
unic
olor
(C
aste
lnau
, 187
3)C
O1
Istig
obiu
s dec
orat
us (H
erre
, 192
7)U
VC
11
Para
gobi
odon
xan
thos
omus
(Ble
eker
, 185
2)C
O1
11
Pleu
rosi
cya
mos
sam
bica
Sm
ith, 1
959
CO
1Tr
imm
a fla
mm
eum
(Sm
ith, 1
959)
CO
11
11
1Tr
imm
a ha
ima
Win
terb
otto
m, 1
984
CO
1Tr
imm
a ta
ylor
i Lo
bel,
1979
CO
11
Trim
ma
teve
gae
Coh
en &
Dav
is, 1
969
UV
C1
11
11
11
1
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
154
Vale
ncie
nnea
stri
gata
(Bro
usso
net,
1782
)U
VC
11
Mic
rode
smid
aeNe
mat
eleo
tris
mag
nific
a F
owle
r, 19
38U
VC
11
11
1Pt
erel
eotr
is e
vide
s (J
orda
n &
Hub
bs, 1
925)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
Ephi
piid
aePl
atax
orb
icul
aris
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
1Si
gani
dae
Siga
nus a
rgen
teus
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
825)
U
VC
11
1Si
ganu
s cor
allin
us (V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1835
)U
VC
11
Siga
nus p
uello
ides
Woo
dlan
d &
Ran
dall,
197
9U
VC
11
1Si
ganu
s ste
llatu
s (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
Zanc
lidae
Zanc
lus c
ornu
tus
(Lin
naeu
s, 17
58)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1A
cant
huri
dae
Acan
thur
us a
uran
ticav
us R
anda
ll, 1
956
UV
C1
11
1Ac
anth
urus
bar
iene
Les
son,
183
1U
VC
11
Acan
thur
us le
ucoc
heilu
s H
erre
, 192
7U
VC
11
11
11
1Ac
anth
urus
leuc
oste
rnon
Ben
nett,
183
3U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Acan
thur
us li
neat
us (L
inna
eus,
1758
)U
VC
11
11
Acan
thur
us m
ata
Rus
sell
in C
uvie
r, 18
29U
VC
11
11
11
1Ac
anth
urus
nig
rica
uda
Dun
cker
& M
ohr,
1929
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Acan
thur
us n
igro
fusc
us (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
11
11
Acan
thur
us te
nnen
tii G
ünth
er, 1
861
UV
C1
11
11
Acan
thur
us th
omps
oni
(Fow
ler,
1923
)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ac
anth
urus
trio
steg
us (L
inna
eus,
1758
)U
VC
11
1Ac
anth
urus
tris
tis R
anda
ll, 1
993
UV
C1
1Ct
enoc
haet
us b
inot
atus
Ran
dall,
195
5U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1Ct
enoc
haet
us st
riat
us (Q
uoy
& G
aim
ard,
182
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Cten
ocha
etus
stri
gosu
s (B
enne
tt, 1
828)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Naso
bra
chyc
entr
on (V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1835
)U
VC
11
Naso
bre
viro
stri
s (C
uvie
r, 18
29)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Na
so e
lega
ns (R
üppe
ll, 1
829)
U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Naso
hex
acan
thus
(Ble
eker
, 185
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Na
so th
ynno
ides
(Val
enci
enne
s in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
35)
UV
C1
11
1Na
so u
nico
rnis
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
Naso
vla
min
gi (V
alen
cien
nes,
1835
)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ze
bras
oma
scop
as (C
uvie
r, 18
29)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
155
Zebr
asom
a ve
lifer
(Blo
ch, 1
795)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
Scom
brid
aeG
ymno
sard
a un
icol
or (R
üppe
ll, 1
836)
UV
C1
11
11
11
Sole
idae
Aser
aggo
des x
enic
us (M
atsu
bara
& O
chia
i, 19
63)
CO
1Pa
rdac
hiru
s sp
.U
VC
1Ba
listid
aeBa
lista
pus u
ndul
atus
(Par
k, 1
797)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Ba
listo
ides
con
spic
illum
(Blo
ch &
Sch
neid
er, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Balis
toid
es v
irid
esce
ns (L
acep
ède,
180
1)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
elic
hthy
s ind
icus
Ran
dall
& K
laus
ewitz
, 197
3U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Odo
nus n
iger
(Rüp
pell,
183
6)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1Ps
eudo
balis
tes f
lavi
mar
gina
tus
(Rüp
pell,
182
9)U
VC
11
11
11
11
Rhin
ecan
thus
acu
leat
us (L
inna
eus,
1758
)U
VC
1Rh
inec
anth
us re
ctan
gulu
s (L
acep
ède
in B
loch
& S
chne
ider
, 180
1)
UV
C1
1Su
fflam
en b
ursa
(Lac
epèd
e in
Blo
ch &
Sch
neid
er, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
1Su
fflam
en c
hrys
opte
rum
(Blo
ch &
Sch
neid
er, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
Alut
eres
scri
ptus
(Osb
eck,
176
5)U
VC
11
1Am
anse
s sco
pas
(Cuv
ier,
1829
)U
VC
11
11
11
Cant
herh
ines
dum
erili
i (H
olla
rd, 1
854)
UV
C1
Cant
herh
ines
par
dalis
(Rüp
pell,
183
7)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Perv
agor
asp
rica
udus
(Hol
lard
, 185
4)U
VC
11
Perv
agor
jant
hino
som
a (B
leek
er, 1
854)
UV
C1
1O
stra
ciid
aeO
stra
cion
cub
icus
Lin
naeu
s, 17
58U
VC
11
Ost
raci
on m
elea
gris
Sha
w in
Sha
w &
Nod
der,
1796
UV
C1
11
11
1Te
trao
dont
idae
Arot
hron
his
pidu
s (L
inna
eus,
1758
)U
VC
1Ar
othr
on im
mac
ulat
us (B
loch
& S
chne
ider
, 180
1)U
VC
1Ar
othr
on m
elea
gris
(Ano
nym
us, 1
798)
UV
C1
Arot
hron
nig
ropu
ncta
tus
(Blo
ch &
Sch
neid
er, 1
801)
UV
C1
11
11
Cant
higa
ster
am
boin
ensi
s (B
leek
er, 1
865)
UV
C1
1Ca
nthi
gast
er b
enne
tti (B
leek
er, 1
854)
UV
C1
11
Cant
higa
ster
jant
hino
pter
a (B
leek
er, 1
855)
UV
C1
Cant
higa
ster
val
entin
i (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Dio
dont
idae
Dio
don
litur
osus
Sha
w, 1
804
UV
C1
11
1To
tal n
umbe
r of s
peci
esU
VC
124
3194
108
119
117
123
6713
313
111
459
134
116
130
108
116
120
130
139
126
Fam
ilies
- Sp
ecie
s - A
utho
rs /
stat
ions
12
34
56
78
1011
1415
1718
1921
2224
2527
28M
ylio
batid
aeM
anta
alfr
edi
(Kre
fft,
1868
)U
VC
11
Mur
aeni
dae
Gym
noth
orax
bern
dti
Snyd
er, 1
904
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
bre
eden
i M
cCos
ker &
Ran
dall,
197
7U
VC
1G
ymno
thor
ax fl
avim
argi
natu
s (R
üppe
ll, 1
830)
UV
C1
Gym
noth
orax
java
nicu
s (B
leek
er, 1
859)
UV
C1
11
11
1G
ymno
thor
ax u
ndul
atus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Syno
dont
idae
Saur
ida
grac
ilis
(Quo
y &
Gai
mar
d, 1
824)
UV
C1
11
11
11
1Sy
nodu
s bin
otat
us S
chul
tz in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
CO
1Sy
nodu
s var
iega
tus
(Lac
epèd
e, 1
803)
UV
C1
11
Ath
erin
idae
Hyp
oath
erin
a ba
rnes
i S
chul
tz, 1
953
UV
C1
11
1H
oloc
entr
idae
Myr
ipri
stis
adu
sta
Ble
eker
, 185
3U
VC
11
11
11
Myr
ipri
stis
ber
ndti
Jord
an &
Eve
rman
n, 1
903
UV
C1
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is k
unte
e V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
11
Myr
ipri
stis
pra
linia
Cuv
ier,
1829
UV
C1
1M
yrip
rist
is v
iola
cea
Ble
eker
, 185
1U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
1M
yrip
rist
is v
ittat
a V
alen
cien
nes i
n C
uvie
r & V
alen
cien
nes,
1831
UV
C1
1Ne
onip
hon
sam
mar
a (F
orss
kål i
n N
iebu
hr, 1
775)
UV
C1
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
cau
dim
acul
atum
(Rüp
pell,
183
8)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
dia
dem
a (L
acep
ède,
180
2)U
VC
11
11
1Sa
rgoc
entr
on sp
inife
rum
(For
sskå
l in
Nie
buhr
, 177
5)U
VC
11
11
11
11
11
11
Sarg
ocen
tron
tier
e (C
uvie
r in
Cuv
ier &
Val
enci
enne
s, 18
29)
UV
C1
Sarg
ocen
tron
vio
lace
um (B
leek
er, 1
853)
UV
C1
11
Aul
osto
mid
aeAu
lost
omus
chi
nens
is (L
inna
eus,
1766
)U
VC
11
11
Syng
nath
idae
Cory
thoi
chth
ys sc
hultz
i H
eral
d in
Sch
ultz
et a
l., 1
953
UV
C1
11
Fist
ular
iidae
Fist
ular
ia c
omm
erso
nii
Rüp
pell,
183
8U
VC
1Sc
orpa
enid
aePt
eroi
s ant
enna
ta (B
loch
, 178
7)U
VC
11
1
Tabl
e 1
Con
’td
156
Table 2. Species richness (SR) of fish communities on Indian Ocean coral reefs. SRobs: observed SR; SRth: theoretic SR calculated from CFDI (Coral Fish Diversity Index) according to Allen & Werner formula (2002). GC: geographic coordinates. *: underwater visual census (UVC) (0-20 m), **: fishing methods, ***: UVC, rotenone, fishing, museum and literature records.
Sites GC References RS obs RS thMaldives 7°N-1°S,
72°-74°ERandall and
Anderson, 1993899 671
Baa (Maldives)*co 5°N and 73°E This study 333 505Juan de Nova* 17°S, 42°E Chabanet and
Durville, 2005299 423
Glorieuses* 11°S, 47°E Durville et al., 2003 347 468Geyser* 12°S, 46E Chabanet et al., 2002 294 433Mayotte* 13°S, 45°E Letourneur, 1996;
Chabanet, 2002239 423
Reunion*** 21°S, 55°E Fricke et al., 2009 549 596Rodrigues*** 20°S, 62°E Heemstra et al., 2004 410 493
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Acknowledgements to Loreen R. O’Hara of Bishop Museum (Hawaii) for sending the data (from Randall & Anderson, 1993) necessary to calculate coral fish diversity index of the Maldives. This study was funded by the French Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Program “Biodiversity of Indian Ocean Islands”, and by the Atoll Ecosystem Conservation Project. We acknowledge Shiham Adam and Hussain Zahir at the Marine Research Center for the help in organizing this survey.
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Plate 1: fish species photographed in situ (photos: Hani Amir, Serge Andréfouët)
Ecsenius minutus Helcogramma maldivensis and Ecsenius minutus
Amphiprion clarkii (juvenile) Chaetodon collare
Odonus niger . Sargocentron spiniferum
160
Plate 2: fish species photographed in situ (photos: Hani Amir, Serge Andréfouët)
Mixed school of parrotfish including Scarus rubroviolaceus, Caranx melampygusS. prasiognathus, S. frenatus and Chlorurus strongylocephalus
Bryaninops tigris Ecsenius lineatus
Helcogramma maldivensis (endemic) Paracirrhites forsteri
161
Plate 3: fish species photographed in situ (photos: Hani Amir, Serge Andréfouët)
Parapercis hexophthalma Parapercis signata (endemic)
Pseudanthias squamipinnis Scorpaenopsis oxycephala
Gorgasia maculata Manta alfredi (bottom), Platax orbicularis (top)
