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Checkmates and Draws

Sunday, August 4, 2013

Checkmate Patterns


Q+R vs K


R+R vs K


Q+K vs KThis is the winning position.

The other king is trapped on the edge of the board and can’t retreat.

The queen is on the row (or file) opposite the edge and attacking the king.

The king is guarding the queen.


R+K vs KThis is the winning position.

The other king is trapped on the edge of the board and can’t retreat.

The king is directly opposite the king (guarding the door) and the rook is attacking the king on the same line as the other king.


Back Row MateThis is the winning position.

Black’s king is on the 8th rank (his back row) and blocked by pawns. A queen or rook can come down and checkmate him.


Support MateThis is the winning position.

Black’s king is trapped against the back row and under attack from the queen.No one can take the queen. The king can’t take her because the bishop guards her.

Black is not threatening the same checkmate because White’s knight protects h2.


Checkmate Review


Winning with a queen and a rookA queen and rook win by pushing Black’s king to the edge of the board and then attacking it.

The king will run out of squares to retreat to.


Winning with a queen and a rook 1. Qb5

White starts by making a fence.

White’s king can never move to c5, d5, e5, f5, g5, or h5. He’s already limited to just three rows.



Ke7 The king could only go to e7, or e6.

Wherever the king moves, White’s next move is the same.

Why couldn’t the king go to d7?



Ke7 The king could only go to e7, or e6.

Wherever the king moves, White’s next move is the same.

Why couldn’t the king go to d7?

The queen guards that square.



Ke7 2. Rc6

We just built a new fence. Now the king can only move on the 7th and 8th rows.



Ke7 2. Rc6

Kd7

Black knows that it’s dangerous to move the king to the side of the board here.

Can the king capture the rook?



Ke7 2. Rc6

Kd7

Black knows that it’s dangerous to move the king to the side of the board here.

Can the king capture the rook?

No, because the queen guards it.



Ke7 2. Rc6

Kd7 3. Qb7+

The queen attacks the king. Can the king move to d6 or e6?



Ke7 2. Rc6

Kd7 3. Qb7+

The queen attacks the king. Can the king move to d6 or e6?

No, because the rook is the fence.



Ke7 2. Rc6

Kd7 3. Qb7+

Kd8

The king had to retreat to the 8th row.

What is the winning move for White?



Ke7 2. Rc6

Kd7 3. Qb7+

Kd8 4. Rc8#

The rook is attacking the king.

The king can’t capture the rook because the queen guards it.

The king can’t stay on the 8th row because of the rook.

The king can’t move to the 7th row because the queen is the fence.Sunday, August 4, 2013

Winning with a two rooksTwo rooks win with a similar technique.

The difference is that they can’t guard each other.


Winning with a two rooks 1. Rb5

White builds a fence on the 5th rank.

Could White have started by playing Rc5?



White builds a fence on the 5th rank.

Could White have started by playing Rc5?

No, because the king would capture it.



Kd7

Black can’t move to the 5th rank or go to c6 because the rook on c2 attacks that square, so he makes a trap.

What happens if White plays Rc6 to make a new fence?



Kd7

Black can’t move to the 5th rank or go to c6 because the rook on c2 attacks that square, so he makes a trap.

What happens if White plays Rc6 to make a new fence?

The king would capture it, because the other rook isn’t guarding it.



Kd7 2. Rb6

So White moves the first rook again to make a new fence.

Now the black king can only move on the 7th and 8th rows.



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7

Black doesn’t want his king on that last rank.



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Now there’s a rook attacking the 7th rank, and there’s another rook that’s a fence on the 6th rank.

The only place for the king to move is to the 8th rank.



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Kd8

White has a fence on the 7th rank now. All he has to do is attack the 8th rank, and he wins.

What is White’s next move?



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Kd8 4. Rh7

Black’s king is attacking the rook on c7.

If White plays Rb8+, then Black will take the rook on c7.

Instead, White moves his fence too far away for Black to ever attack again.



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Kd8 4. Rh7

Kc8

Is White ready to play Rb8 and win the game?



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Kd8 4. Rh7

Kc8 5. Rb8+

Not yet.If White plays Rb8+, then Black takes the rook — nothing is guarding it.



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Kd8 4. Rh7

Kc8 5. Rg6

First, White does the trick again where he runs to the other side of the board.



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Kd8 4. Rh7

Kc8 5. Rg6

Kd8

Black still can’t get past the fence on h7.



Kd7 2. Rb6

Ke7 3. Rc7+

Kd8 4. Rh7

Kc8 5. Rg6

Kd8 6. Rg8#


Winning with a Queen and KingStep 1. Decide which edge to push the king.

In this example, we’re going to push him to the 8th row.


Winning with a Queen and King 1. Qa4

Step 2. The queen becomes the fence.She doesn’t have to move near the king, but she creates a barrier that the king can’t pass.

We don’t have to check him if it’s not going to be a stalemate.



Kd6

Any time the king retreats …



Kd6 2. Qa5

… it’s time for Step 3, move the fence.

In our example, the king can only move on 3 rows and can’t cross the 5th row.



Kd6 2. Qa5

Ke6 3. Ke3

Black quickly learns not to retreat the king unless he has to.

We’ll use our king to make the king retreat.



Kd6 2. Qa5

Ke6 3. Ke3

Kd6

Black tries to keep the king away from any edge.



Kd6 2. Qa5

Ke6 3. Ke3

Kd6 4. Ke4

Step 4. White moves his king closer so he can help.

White does not move his king opposite Black’s king; White’s waiting for the black king to move across from him.



Kd6 2. Qa5

Ke6 3. Ke3

Kd6 4. Ke4

Ke6

Black makes a mistake: he moves his king across from White’s king.

When this happens, it’s like White’s king is blocking the door.



Kd6 2. Qa5

Ke6 3. Ke3

Kd6 4. Ke4

Ke6 5. Qa6+

Step 5. White can move the fence back when his king is guarding the door.

Black can’t stay on the 6th row, and he can’t move to any squares on the 5th row because White’s king guards them all.



Kd6 2. Qa5

Ke6 3. Ke3

Kd6 4. Ke4

Ke6 5. Qa6+

Kd7

The king had to retreat, and our queen is already on the 6th row. That’s the new fence.



Ke6 3. Ke3

Kd6 4. Ke4

Ke6 5. Qa6+

Kd7 6. Ke5

White moves his king closer again and chases Black’s king. Remember that he doesn’t want to move his king across from the Black king. He wants Black’s king to come to him.



Ke6 3. Ke3

Kd6 4. Ke4

Ke6 5. Qa6+

Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7

Black’s played the game of moving across from White’s king and knows better. Instead, he’s going to run away — but he’s going to run out of squares very soon.


Winning with a Queen and King 3. Ke3

Kd6 4. Ke4

Ke6 5. Qa6+

Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7 7. Kd5

White’s king chases the black king.



Kd6 4. Ke4

Ke6 5. Qa6+

Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7 7. Kd5

Kd7

Black’s king can’t go to b7 because of the queen, and he doesn’t want to retreat.

He’s hoping that White will forget what to do when his king guards the door.



Ke6 5. Qa6+

Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7 7. Kd5

Kd7 8. Qa7+

White moves the fence, and his king is guarding the door



Ke6 5. Qa6+

Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7 7. Kd5

Kd7 8. Qa7+

Ke8

Black’s king retreats again and tries to stay away from the queen.


Winning with a Queen and King 5. Qa6+

Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7 7. Kd5

Kd7 8. Qa7+

Ke8 9. Ke6

Step 6. When Black’s king is on the edge, that’s the only time White moves across from it.

Whichever way Black goes, he’s about to lose.



Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7 7. Kd5

Kd7 8. Qa7+

Ke8 9. Ke6

Kf8

There’s no escape.



Kd7 6. Ke5

Kc7 7. Kd5

Kd7 8. Qa7+

Ke8 9. Ke6

Kf810. Qf7#

Step 7. Move the queen next to Black’s king, on the other side of the edge, guarded by the king.

Checkmate.


Winning with a rook and kingThe idea is very similar with a rook and king.

The difference is that the king can attack the rook, so you may have to move it to the other side of the board.


Winning with a rook and king 1. Rb5

This time the rook is the fence.



Rc6

You have to be careful with the rook. The king can come attack it.



Rc6 2. Rh5

When that happens, just move to the other side of the board.

But the fence stays on the same row; don’t let his king out.



Rc6 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Just like last time, we want him to move the king across from our king.



Rc6 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Ke6

When he does, it means our king is guarding the door …



Rc6 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Ke6 4. Rh6+

… and we’re ready to move the fence. Now Black’s going to have to retreat.



Rc6 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Ke6 4. Rh6+

Kf7

He’ll try to confuse us by going to attack the rook.



Rc6 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Ke6 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

And remember that we don’t move across from him. We want him to move across from us.



Rc6 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Ke6 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

Kg7

Be ready to move the rook away when he attacks it.


Winning with a rook and king 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Ke6 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

Kg7 6. Ra6


Winning with a rook and king 2. Rh5

Kd6 3. Ke4

Ke6 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

Kg7 6. Ra6

Kh7

And he wants to stay away from our king.


Winning with a rook and king 3. Ke4

Ke6 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

Kg7 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

And we’re chasing him.



Ke6 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

Kg7 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

Kg7

He’s hit the side of the board and he doesn’t want to retreat, so he has to come back towards our king.

Here’s where lots of people get confused. Since we never want to move our king across from his, what can we move?Sunday, August 4, 2013

Winning with a rook and king 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

Kg7 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

We moved the rook just to waste a move. Now it’s his turn.


Winning with a rook and king 4. Rh6+

Kf7 5. Ke5

Kg7 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

Kh7

And he doesn’t want to move across from our king, so he turns around again.



Kg7 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

Kh7 9. Kg5

And our king chases his.



Kg7 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

Kh7 9. Kg5

Kg7

Finally, he has to move across from our king. Our king guards the gate, so we’re ready to move the gate.


Winning with a rook and king 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

Kh7 9. Kg5

Kg710. Rb7+

He’s being pushed to the 8th row and close to checkmate.


Winning with a rook and king 6. Ra6

Kh7 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

Kh7 9. Kg5

Kg710. Rb7+

Kg8

Black tries to make a tricky move.

Are you going to play:

a) Kf6

b) Kg6

c) Kh6


Winning with a rook and king 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

Kh7 9. Kg5

Kg710. Rb7+

Kg811. Kf6

Kg6 is wrong; we never want to move across from his king.

Kh6 is okay, but it’ll take longer. We’ll chase his king until it reaches the rook, and we’ll have to move the rook.

Kf6 is the fastest way to win. Now we’re chasing him — that’s what we want.Sunday, August 4, 2013

Winning with a rook and king 7. Kf5

Kg7 8. Rb6

Kh7 9. Kg5

Kg710. Rb7+

Kg811. Kf6

Kh8

He tries not to go opposite our king.



Kh7 9. Kg5

Kg710. Rb7+

Kg811. Kf6

Kh812. Kg6

We chase him.



Kh7 9. Kg5

Kg710. Rb7+

Kg811. Kf6

Kh812. Kg6

Kg8

And now it’s over. He faces our king, and we’re guarding the gate.


Winning with a rook and king 9. Kg5

Kg710. Rb7+

Kg811. Kf6

Kh812. Kg6

Kg813. Rb8#

It’s not hard to checkmate with a king and a rook, but you have to be patient and don’t jump ahead. Be careful not to let the king out by moving the fence too soon.


Draws


Insufficient MaterialThis game is a draw.

Neither side has enough pieces to checkmate the other side.


3-Time RepetitionThis game will be a draw.

Black is winning by a lot. Black threatens to play a1/R#.

But it’s White’s turn, and White can check Black.


3-Time Repetition1. Qh6+

This isn’t checkmate because Black has one way to stop it.



Bh7

Black will still win if he gets a chance to move his pawn, but White can check Black again.



Bh72. Qf8+

Black’s in check. Once again, he only has one way to stop it.



Bh72. Qf8+

Bg8

And we’re back where we started.White could go back and forth all day, checking Black.

As soon as we get to the exact same position 3 times, either side can call the game a draw.


50-Move RuleWhite can win if he can get his pawn to the other side and make it a queen.

Black can win if he can get his pawn to the other side and make it a queen.

But if it goes 50 moves without a pawn moving or anything captured, then either side can call it a draw.


StalemateThis game is a draw.

White is way ahead and has several checkmates threats.

But it’s Black’s turn. Black has no legal move. So it’s a draw.


AgreementMaybe both sides think they can’t win. Maybe they’re running out of time.

They can decide amongst themselves that this is a draw, no one wins, and the game is over.

To do this, make your move, and ask your opponent if he wants a draw. He can either accept your offer or make a move to reject it.Sunday, August 4, 2013

Play a chess gameWhite moves first.You win if you checkmate your opponent.

Shake hands and tell your opponent “good game.”

After your game, write the first and last name of each player on a Results sheet. Circle the name of the winner. Circle both names if it’s a draw.

Trade sides and play again.


checkmates and draws - fortbendchessclub.com€¦ · checkmates and draws sunday, august 4, 2013....

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