Chemical Communication in Crustaceans

Thomas Breithaupt l Martin ThielEditors

Chemical Communicationin Crustaceans

With drawings by Jorge Andrés Varela Ramos

EditorsThomas BreithauptUniversity of HullDepartment of Biological SciencesHull, HU6 7RXUKt.breithaupt@hull.ac.uk

Martin ThielUniversidad Catolica del NorteFacultad Ciencas del MarDepto. de Biologıa MarinaLarrondo 1281CoquimboChilethiel@ucn.cl

ISBN 978-0-387-77100-7 e-ISBN 978-0-387-77101-4DOI 10.1007/978-0-387-77101-4Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London

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To our families and friends.

Preface

Animal communication has fascinated biologists for centuries. This fascination has

sustained many a scientific career as will be evident from the personal accounts by

the contributors to this book. Chemical signaling is the most widespread form of

communication in crustaceans. During the past two decades, there have been

significant advances in our understanding of crustacean chemical ecology.

Gathering this information in an edited volume was the next logical step.

This book covers a wide range of topics, including the identity, production,

transmission, reception, and behavioral function of chemical signals in selected

crustacean groups. The chapters are organized into five sections. The introductory

section gives a brief overview of the main questions that are tackled in this volume

and provides important definitions of signals, cues, and behavior. The next section

on the transmission of chemical cues in the environment and on sensory biology is

followed by a section on the behavioral contexts in which crustaceans use chemical

communication, providing examples from the best studied taxa. Recent advances in

the molecular identification of chemical signals are presented in the fourth section.

The fifth and last section deals with the possible applications of pheromone research

to aquaculture and pest management.

One of our goals as editors was to encourage contributors to identify similarities

and differences in chemical communication by crustaceans and by other taxa and

thereby address questions of general interest. We therefore invited experts on

communication in insects, spiders, and fishes to contribute to this book. They

readily and, at first perhaps, innocently accepted our invitation, unaware that we

would ask them to integrate knowledge of crustaceans into their chapters. Thus,

their tasks went beyond a synthesis of their own work and expertise and we feel that

they all have done a marvelous job. We learned a lot from them and we now share

some of their fascination for their favorite organisms and the excitement that comes

from studying them. Within the same spirit, we hope that this book will attract

readers who are interested in learning about crustaceans, but who study other taxa in

their quest to understand the evolution and function of chemical communication.

There are several topics that we thought were ready for thorough review such as

multimodal communication, deception, and pheromones in aquaculture and pest

vii

management, but are still beyond the mainstream of crustacean research. Several of

our colleagues had some experience in these areas, and they were thus “naturals” to

be invited for these contributions. Though reluctant at first, they accepted the

challenge and their enthusiasm grew as they wrote.

In order to make this volume accessible to a broad audience that spans scientific

and applied fields, we asked the authors to include a personal statement briefly

describing why they entered their respective research fields. Such statements are not

generally accepted in scientific writing. But we are most grateful that many of our

authors adopted a more informal style and expressed their enthusiasm for their

particular study species or research questions. We hope that our authors’ enthusi-

asm is sufficiently infectious and that the scientific questions they raise in their

contributions will stimulate future research. If only a few young scholars are

infected by this excitement for crustacean chemical communication, this book has

achieved its goal.

Hull, UK Thomas Breithaupt

Coquimbo, Chile Martin Thiel

viii Preface

Acknowledgments

We thank our teachers, collaborators, and students who have helped shape our

understanding of crustacean communication during the past two decades. The

contributors to this book deserve most of our gratitude – all this would not have

been possible without their expertise and efforts. A very special thanks goes to the

more than 80 reviewers for their time and suggestions, which were very helpful to

us and the authors – we could not have done without their critical and constructive

input. Ivan A. Hinojosa provided expert help in the preparation of many of the

figures in this book. Jorge A. Varela Ramos made many of the chemical interactions

visible with his artistic drawings. TB would like to thank his wife Gabi and son

Tobias for their endless patience during the many evenings and weekends when

husband/daddy had to work on “the book” and was not available for family

activities. MT thanks Taizhu for her continuous support and patience. His partici-

pation in this project would not have been possible without the unconditional

support from Universidad Catolica del Norte (UCN). Many of the chapters in this

book were edited during a sabbatical stay at the Smithsonian Environmental

Research Center (SERC) in Edgewater, Maryland. MT wishes to thank A.H.

Hines for supporting his stay at SERC.

ix

Contents

Part I Introductory Section

1 Chemical Communication in Crustaceans: Research

Challenges for the Twenty-First Century. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Martin Thiel and Thomas Breithaupt

2 Pheromones and Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Tristram D. Wyatt

Part II General Overview of Signal Characteristics and Reception

3 Crustaceans as Powerful Models in Aquatic Chemical Ecology . . . . . . 41

Mark E. Hay

4 Waterborne Chemical Communication: Stimulus Dispersal

Dynamics and Orientation Strategies in Crustaceans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Marc J. Weissburg

5 Hydrodynamics of Sniffing by Crustaceans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Mimi A.R. Koehl

6 Chemosensory Sensilla in Crustaceans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

Eric Hallberg and Malin Skog

7 Neuronal Processing of Chemical Information in Crustaceans. . . . . . 123

Manfred Schmidt and DeForest Mellon, Jr.

xi

8 The Neural and Behavioral Basis of Chemical

Communication in Terrestrial Crustaceans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Bill S. Hansson, Steffen Harzsch, Markus Knaden,

and Marcus Stensmyr

Part III Chemical Communication and Behavior

9 Chemical Communication Between Copepods:

Finding the Mate in a Fluid Environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Jeannette Yen and Rachel Lasley

10 Chemical Communication in Peracarid Crustaceans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Martin Thiel

11 Mantis Shrimp: Olfactory Apparatus

and Chemosensory Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

Kristina Mead and Roy Caldwell

12 Chemical Communication in Lobsters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239

Juan Aggio and Charles D. Derby

13 Chemical Communication in Crayfish . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

Thomas Breithaupt

14 Chemical Communication in Decapod Shrimps:

The Influence of Mating and Social Systems on the

Relative Importance of Olfactory and Contact Pheromones. . . . . . . . . 277

Raymond T. Bauer

15 Chemical Ecology and Social Behavior of Anomura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

Francesca Gherardi and Elena Tricarico

16 Deception in Visual and Chemical Communication

in Crustaceans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

John H. Christy and Dan Rittschof

17 Chemical Communication in a Multimodal Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

Eileen A. Hebets and Aaron Rundus

18 Chemical Cues and Reducing the Risk of Predation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355

Brian A. Hazlett

xii Contents

Part IV Towards Identification of Chemical Signals

19 Identification of Crustacean Sex Pheromones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

Joerg D. Hardege and John A. Terschak

20 Approaches to a Molecular Identification of Sex

Pheromones in Blue Crabs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

Michiya Kamio and Charles D. Derby

21 The Crustacean Endocrine System and Pleiotropic

Chemical Messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

Ernest S. Chang

22 Toward a Characterization of the Chemical Cue

to Barnacle Gregariousness. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431

Anthony S. Clare

23 Contact Chemoreception and Its Role in Zooplankton

Mate Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451

Terry Snell

24 A Review of Research in Fish Pheromones. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467

Yu-Wen Chung-Davidson, Mar Huertas, and Weiming Li

Part V Applied Aspects

25 Chemical Communication and Aquaculture

of Decapod Crustaceans: Needs, Problems,

and Possible Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485

Assaf Barki, Clive Jones, and Ilan Karplus

26 Effects of Pollutants on Olfactory Mediated Behaviors

in Fish and Crustaceans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

K. Hakan Olsen

27 Insect Pheromones: Useful Lessons for Crustacean

Pheromone Programs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531

Thomas C. Baker

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551

Contents xiii

Contributors

Juan Aggio

Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5030

Atlanta, GA 30302, USA

Thomas C. Baker

Department of Entomology, 105 Chemical Ecology Laboratory,

Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

Assaf Barki

Aquaculture Research Unit, Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science,

Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel

Raymond T. Bauer

Department of Biology, University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA

Thomas Breithaupt

Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK

Roy Caldwell

Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley,

CA 94720-3140, USA

Ernest S. Chang

Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California-Davis, P.O. Box 247

Bodega Bay, CA 94923, USA

John H. Christy

Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092,

Balboa, Ancon, Panama, Republic of Panama

Yu-Wen Chung-Davidson

Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University,

East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

xv

Anthony S. Clare

School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle University,

Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK

Charles D. Derby

Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biology, Georgia State University,

P. O. Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA

Francesca Gherardi

Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica “Leo Pardi”,

Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Romana 17, 50125 Firenze, Italy

Eric Hallberg

Department of Biology, Lund University, Zoologihuset, HS 17 Solvegatan 35,

SE-22362, Lund, Sweden

Bill S. Hansson

Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for

Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoll-Street 8, Jena 07745, Germany

Joerg D. Hardege

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK

Steffen Harzsch

Department of Cytology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Greifswald,

Zoological Institute and Museum, Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Street 11/12,

D-17487 Greifswald, Germany

Mark E. Hay

School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

Brian A. Hazlett

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan,

830 North University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048, USA

Eileen A. Hebets

School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln,

NE 68588-0118, USA

Mar Huertas

Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas,

8005-139 Faro, Portugal

Clive Jones

Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Northern Fisheries Centre,

P.O. Box 5396, Cairns Q 4870, Australia

Michiya Kamio

Department of Ocean Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science

and Technology 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan

xvi Contributors

Ilan Karplus

Aquaculture Research Unit, Volcani Center, Institute of Animal Science,

Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel

Markus Knaden

Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute

for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoll-Street 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany

Mimi A.R. Koehl

Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley,

CA 94720-3140, USA

Rachel Lasley

School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology,

Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA

Weiming Li

Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University,

East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

Kristina Mead

Department of Biology, Denison University, Granville, OH 43023, USA

DeForest Mellon, Jr.

Department of Biology, University of Virginia, P.O. Box 400328,

Gilmer Hall Room 286, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA

K. Hakan Olsen

School of Life Sciences, Sodertorn University, SE-141 89, Huddinge, Sweden

Dan Rittschof

Marine Laboratory, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516-9721, USA

Aaron Rundus

School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln,

NE 68588-0118, USA

Manfred Schmidt

Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biology, Georgia State University,

P.O. Box 5030, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA

Malin Skog

Department of Biology, Lund University, Zoologihuset, HS 17,

Helgonavagen 3, SE-22362 Lund, Sweden

Terry Snell

School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA

Marcus Stensmyr

Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute

for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoll-Street 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany

Contributors xvii

John A. Terschak

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK

Martin Thiel

Universidad Catolica del Norte, Facultad Ciencias del Mar,

Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile

Elena Tricarico

Dipartimento di Biologia Evoluzionistica “Leo Pardi”,

Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Romana 17,

50125 Firenze, Italy

Marc J. Weissburg

School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 310 Ferst Dr,

Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

Tristram D. Wyatt

Department of Zoology, The Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road,

Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK

Jeannette Yen

School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology,

Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA

xviii Contributors