Chemical & Fuels Engineering 1

Laboratory Laboratory SafetySafety

Lecture 1Lecture 1

2

OHSA Hazard OHSA Hazard Communication Standard Communication Standard from 1988.from 1988.

  Employer Employer responsibilityresponsibility Provide InformationProvide Information

Chemical Hygiene Chemical Hygiene PlanPlan

Permissible Exposure Permissible Exposure Limits establishedLimits established

Symptoms associated Symptoms associated with exposurewith exposure

Reference materials Reference materials on hazards, safe on hazards, safe handling, storage and handling, storage and disposaldisposal

TrainingTraining Physical and health Physical and health

hazards of hazards of chemicals usedchemicals used

Contents of Contents of Chemical Hygiene Chemical Hygiene PlanPlan

Methods to detect Methods to detect of hazardous of hazardous chemical releasechemical release

3

Employee Responsibilities Employee Responsibilities (this is you, the student)(this is you, the student)

Plan work in accordance Plan work in accordance with Chemical Hygiene Planwith Chemical Hygiene Plan

Use equipment for designed Use equipment for designed purposepurpose

Be familiar with emergency Be familiar with emergency equipment and proceduresequipment and procedures

Know and use appropriate Know and use appropriate protective equipmentprotective equipment

Be alert to unsafe Be alert to unsafe conditions and actionsconditions and actions call attention to them call attention to them correct themcorrect them

Personal Personal responsibilities responsibilities

Work so that others Work so that others (e.g., coworkers, the (e.g., coworkers, the public) will not be public) will not be harmed.harmed.

4

    Chemical Hygiene Plan - Chemical Hygiene Plan - www.ehs.utah.edu/programs/chp.htmwww.ehs.utah.edu/programs/chp.htm

Training and DocumentationTraining and Documentation Standard Operating ProceduresStandard Operating Procedures

i.    Reactive Chemicalsi.    Reactive Chemicalsii.    Corrosive Chemicalsii.    Corrosive Chemicalsiii.    Acids and Basesiii.    Acids and Basesiv.    Carcinogens and Toxinsiv.    Carcinogens and Toxinsv.    Compressed Gassesv.    Compressed Gasses

Exposure Control MonitoringExposure Control Monitoring

5

  Chemical Hygiene Plan – Chemical Hygiene Plan – SectionsSections

Roles & Roles & ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities

Information and Information and TrainingTraining

Prior Approval Prior Approval CircumstancesCircumstances

Standard Standard Operating Operating ProceduresProcedures

AppendixAppendix Power OutagePower Outage Emergency Emergency

ResponseResponse Carcinogenic Carcinogenic

Chemical ListChemical List

6

Lab is scheduled from 1:00 to 5:00 PM on assigned Lab is scheduled from 1:00 to 5:00 PM on assigned afternoons.afternoons.

You are expected to manage your time and productivity to make the best use of your allotted time. Your employer will have the same expectation. Make-up time will usually not be granted.

Students may not work in the lab unless an instructor, teaching assistant, or lab technician is present.

7

We start the semester with the lab clean and well organized. It is up to you to keep it that way.

Clean-up is everyday at 4:30 PM, plan on this in your project schedule.

Failure to clean-up everyday and at the end of your project will Failure to clean-up everyday and at the end of your project will result in a reduction in your grade and the ire of Bob Cox.result in a reduction in your grade and the ire of Bob Cox.

8

Many lab projects will generate hazardous waste streams. As part Many lab projects will generate hazardous waste streams. As part of your project planning, discuss the disposal issues with Instructor.of your project planning, discuss the disposal issues with Instructor.

Some hazardous wastes may be treated and neutralized.Some hazardous wastes may be treated and neutralized. Guidelines for Drain Disposal of ChemicalsGuidelines for Drain Disposal of Chemicals http://www.che.utah.edu/~geoff/writing/index.htmlhttp://www.che.utah.edu/~geoff/writing/index.html

Some hazardous wastes must be collected for disposal.Some hazardous wastes must be collected for disposal.

All waste containers must be All waste containers must be kept closedkept closed..

Annual EPA inspections. Fines from past infractions.Annual EPA inspections. Fines from past infractions.

9

Safety equipment is available in each lab. There is Safety equipment is available in each lab. There is no excuse for not using it.no excuse for not using it.

As an engineer you are responsible for your own safety, the safety of your co-workers, and the safety of the public and the environment.

You are responsible for the safety of your project, your team and your neighbors. A safety review will be part of your preliminary oral exam. Violations of safe practice will result in a reduction of your grade or suspension from the lab.

10

Safety glasses are required whenever you are handling Safety glasses are required whenever you are handling chemicals or operating machinery. (PERIOD)chemicals or operating machinery. (PERIOD)

Hard-hats are required when working on the grating area. Hard-hats are required when working on the grating area. Please do not drop tools on the students below!Please do not drop tools on the students below!

Use the fume hoods to reduce your chemical exposure.Use the fume hoods to reduce your chemical exposure.

When handling strong corrosives such as full strength acids When handling strong corrosives such as full strength acids and bases, use a face shield, gloves, and splash apron.and bases, use a face shield, gloves, and splash apron.

11

GlovesGloves

Choose the type of Glove that will Choose the type of Glove that will protect against the chemical you protect against the chemical you are handlingare handling Glove Materials Permeation Test DataGlove Materials Permeation Test Data

Take glove off so that your skin Take glove off so that your skin does not make contact with does not make contact with contaminated areacontaminated area

See www.labsafety.comSee www.labsafety.com

12

 Glove Material Glove Material  Applications Applications  ~ Cost ~ Cost

 Butyl

 Butyl

 A synthetic rubber material that offers the highest permeation resistance to gas and water vapors. Especially suited for use with esters and ketones.

 A synthetic rubber material that offers the highest permeation resistance to gas and water vapors. Especially suited for use with esters and ketones.

 $12-20/pair

 $12-20/pair

 Neoprene

 Neoprene

 A synthetic rubber material that provides excellent tensile strength and heat resistance. Neoprene is compatible with some acids and caustics. It has moderate abrasion resistance.

 A synthetic rubber material that provides excellent tensile strength and heat resistance. Neoprene is compatible with some acids and caustics. It has moderate abrasion resistance.

 $30-55/12pr

 $30-55/12pr

 Nitrile

 Nitrile

 A synthetic rubber material that offers chemical and abrasion resistance - a very good general duty glove. Nitrile also provides protection from oils, greases, petroleum products, and some acids and caustics.

 A synthetic rubber material that offers chemical and abrasion resistance - a very good general duty glove. Nitrile also provides protection from oils, greases, petroleum products, and some acids and caustics.

 $11-12/100prdisposable (Chemistry)$16-60/12prreusable

 $11-12/100prdisposable (Chemistry)$16-60/12prreusable

 PVC polyvinyl chloride

 PVC polyvinyl chloride

 A synthetic thermoplastic polymer that provides excellent resistance to most acids, fats and petroleum hydrocarbons. Good abrasion resistance.

 A synthetic thermoplastic polymer that provides excellent resistance to most acids, fats and petroleum hydrocarbons. Good abrasion resistance.

 $15/100 pr disposable$30-55/12 prreusable

 $15/100 pr disposable$30-55/12 prreusable

 PVApolyvinyl alcohol

 PVApolyvinyl alcohol

 A water-soluble synthetic material that is highly impermeable to gases. Excellent chemical resistance to aromatic and chlorinated solvents. This glove cannot be used in water or water-based solutions.

 A water-soluble synthetic material that is highly impermeable to gases. Excellent chemical resistance to aromatic and chlorinated solvents. This glove cannot be used in water or water-based solutions.

 $37/10pr

 $37/10pr

 Viton7

 Viton7

 A fluoroelastomer material that provides exceptional chemical resistance to chlorinated and aromatic solvents. Viton7 is very flexible, but has minimal resistance to cuts and abrasions.

 A fluoroelastomer material that provides exceptional chemical resistance to chlorinated and aromatic solvents. Viton7 is very flexible, but has minimal resistance to cuts and abrasions.

 $35-100/pair

 $35-100/pair

13

Do not eat or drink in the lab. These are chemical handling Do not eat or drink in the lab. These are chemical handling areas.areas.

Do not pipette by mouth!Do not pipette by mouth!

Do not spill any chemicals. Spill containment and clean-up Do not spill any chemicals. Spill containment and clean-up materials are located in lab 3520A.materials are located in lab 3520A.

The removable gratings between floors must not be removed. The removable gratings between floors must not be removed. Near fatal injuries have occurred in the past.Near fatal injuries have occurred in the past.

Shorts and sandals are not appropriate attire in the Shorts and sandals are not appropriate attire in the laboratories. You can change before lab.laboratories. You can change before lab.

14

Keep your work area clean and well organized, clean up Keep your work area clean and well organized, clean up any spills.any spills.

ALL chemical containers must be labeled.ALL chemical containers must be labeled.

After Consulting Guidelines for Drain Disposal of Chemicals, After Consulting Guidelines for Drain Disposal of Chemicals, Contact your instructor or Bob Cox for disposal of Contact your instructor or Bob Cox for disposal of chemicals and hazardous waste.chemicals and hazardous waste.

Be aware of the danger of long hair, loose clothing and Be aware of the danger of long hair, loose clothing and jewelry around rotating or moving equipment. Secure your jewelry around rotating or moving equipment. Secure your long hair.long hair.

15

Safety ConsiderationsSafety Considerations

Exposure LimitsExposure Limits Long Term LimitLong Term Limit

www.OSHA.govwww.OSHA.gov– Average over 40 Average over 40

hr work weekhr work week SicknessSickness DeathDeath

Instantaneous Instantaneous LimitsLimits

Threshold Limit Threshold Limit ValueValue

Threshold of smellThreshold of smell

Flammability/Flammability/ExplosionExplosion

Flammability LimitsFlammability Limits

Explosion LimitsExplosion Limits

16

Hazardous Operations Hazardous Operations

Develop a plan of operation for Develop a plan of operation for hazardous experiments/equipmenthazardous experiments/equipment

Get plan approvedGet plan approved Document all operations to meet Document all operations to meet

the guidelines of the planthe guidelines of the plan

17

OTHER LABORATORY AREA OTHER LABORATORY AREA HAZARDSHAZARDS

Compressed gas cylinders.Compressed gas cylinders.A.A. Past accidents, projectile Hazard capable of Past accidents, projectile Hazard capable of penetrating concrete walls.penetrating concrete walls.B.B. Tanks must be securely belted or chained Tanks must be securely belted or chained in place.in place.C.C. Oxygen tanks must be segregated.Oxygen tanks must be segregated.D.D. Oxygen connections and lines must be oil Oxygen connections and lines must be oil free.free.E.E. Either a regulator or a safety cap must be Either a regulator or a safety cap must be in place at all times.in place at all times.F.F. The safety cap must be in place when The safety cap must be in place when moving the tank.moving the tank.

18

OHSAOHSA

Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) for Senior Lab/Instrumental Analysis Labfor Senior Lab/Instrumental Analysis Lab For UniversityFor University

MSDSMSDS

Container LabelingContainer Labeling

19

  MSDS - MSDS - Cornerstone of Chemical Cornerstone of Chemical SafetySafety

IdentificationIdentification Ingredients and Ingredients and

HazardsHazards Reactivity DataReactivity Data Spill/Leak Spill/Leak

ProceduresProcedures Special Protection Special Protection

Info.Info. Special Special

PrecautionsPrecautions

Glossary of Terms Glossary of Terms used in MSDSused in MSDS

20

http://www.che.utah.eduhttp://www.che.utah.edu go to the SAFETY pagego to the SAFETY page

http://www.chem.utah.eduhttp://www.chem.utah.edu go to the MSDS link on go to the MSDS link on the contents framethe contents frame

http://www.ehs.utah.eduhttp://www.ehs.utah.edu go to the LINKS pagego to the LINKS page

21

MSDSMSDS

22

23

24

25

Rating SummaryRating Summary

Health (Blue)Health (Blue)

44DangerDanger

May be fatal on short exposure. Specialized protective equipment required

May be fatal on short exposure. Specialized protective equipment required

33WarningWarning Corrosive or toxic. Avoid skin contact or inhalationCorrosive or toxic. Avoid skin contact or inhalation

22WarningWarning May be harmful if inhaled or absorbedMay be harmful if inhaled or absorbed

11CautionCaution May be irritatingMay be irritating

00    No unusual hazardNo unusual hazard

Flammability (Red)Flammability (Red)

44 DangerDanger Flammable gas or extremely flammable liquidFlammable gas or extremely flammable liquid

33 WarningWarning Flammable liquid flash point below 100° FFlammable liquid flash point below 100° F

22 CautionCaution Combustible liquid flash point of 100° to 200° FCombustible liquid flash point of 100° to 200° F

11    Combustible if heatedCombustible if heated

00    Not combustibleNot combustible

Reactivity (Yellow)Reactivity (Yellow)

44 DangerDanger Explosive material at room temperatureExplosive material at room temperature

33 DangerDanger May be explosive if shocked, heated under confinement or mixed with water

May be explosive if shocked, heated under confinement or mixed with water

22 WarningWarning Unstable or may react violently if mixed with waterUnstable or may react violently if mixed with water

11 CautionCaution May react if heated or mixed with water but not violentlyMay react if heated or mixed with water but not violently

00 StableStable Not reactive when mixed with waterNot reactive when mixed with water

Special Notice Key (White)Special Notice Key (White)

WW Water ReactiveWater Reactive

OxyOxy Oxidizing AgentOxidizing Agent

NFPA (Nat. Fire Prevention Ass.) Chemical Hazard Labels NFPA (Nat. Fire Prevention Ass.) Chemical Hazard Labels

26

Chemical LabelsChemical Labels

BBCCEEF+F+FFXnXnXiXiNNOORRTTT+T+

BiohazardBiohazardCorrosiveCorrosiveExplosiveExplosiveExtremely FlammableExtremely FlammableHighly FlammableHighly FlammableHarmfulHarmfulIrritantIrritantDangerous for the Env.Dangerous for the Env.OxidizingOxidizingRadioactiveRadioactiveToxicToxicVery ToxicVery Toxic

27

Each lab/work area must have appropriate spill containment and Each lab/work area must have appropriate spill containment and clean-up materials sufficient for the chemicals in use.clean-up materials sufficient for the chemicals in use.

Minor spills dealt with in the Lab. Minor spills dealt with in the Lab. Three types of packsThree types of packs

Organic Organic AcidAcid BaseBase

Major spills require assistance, call University dispatch 5-2677 (5-Major spills require assistance, call University dispatch 5-2677 (5-COPS).COPS).

Life threatening situations, Life threatening situations, ring fire alarmring fire alarm and and evacuateevacuate..

28

What to do in Power What to do in Power OutageOutage

Close Fume HoodsClose Fume Hoods Secure Chemical ContainersSecure Chemical Containers

Caps, Covers, etc.Caps, Covers, etc. Close cylinders at tank valveClose cylinders at tank valve

Turn off non-essential equipment Turn off non-essential equipment and large power draw equipmentand large power draw equipment

Check all sensitive or reactive Check all sensitive or reactive materials maintain cover gases or materials maintain cover gases or sealsseals

29

What to do in What to do in FireFire Pull the nearest fire alarm and evacuate. Pull the nearest fire alarm and evacuate. University policy is that students should not University policy is that students should not

attempt to fight fires.attempt to fight fires.

Any person having first hand knowledge of an Any person having first hand knowledge of an alarm situation should report to the emergency alarm situation should report to the emergency response personnel in the parking lot at the response personnel in the parking lot at the northwest comer of MEB. northwest comer of MEB.

Close lab and hallway doors on your way out. Close lab and hallway doors on your way out. Never disregard a fire alarm.Never disregard a fire alarm. Have an alternate escape route planned.Have an alternate escape route planned.

30

What to do in What to do in Earthquake. Earthquake.

Routinely close cabinet doors.Routinely close cabinet doors. Hide under a heavy desk or door Hide under a heavy desk or door

frame.frame. Evacuate cautiously, watch for Evacuate cautiously, watch for

falling glass.falling glass.      

31

Emergency ResponseEmergency Response