chemical preservation methods of urine sediment for quality ......accuracy by microscopic...

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Korean J Clin Lab Sci. www.kjcls.org ORIGINAL ARTICLE Korean J Clin Lab Sci. 2017;49(4):359-365 https://doi.org/10.15324/kjcls.2017.49.4.359 pISSN 1738-3544 eISSN 2288-1662 Chemical Preservation Methods of Urine Sediment for Quality Control Soung Suck Cho 1 , Myong Soo Kim 2 , Kyung-A Shin 1 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Shinsung University, Dangjin, Korea 2 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ณด์กด๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ 1 , ๊น€๋ช…์ˆ˜ 2 , ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์•„ 1 1 ์‹ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ž„์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ๊ณผ, 2 ์‚ผ์„ฑ์„œ์šธ๋ณ‘์› ์ง„๋‹จ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ There is greater standardization of quality control for microscopic examination of urine than for physicochemical test. In this study, we investigated whether it is possible to control the sediment accuracy by microscopic examination through the real thing by preserving the essential sediment with glutaraldehyde, which is required for the rationality of sediment quality control. A urine specimen was prepared using 2.5% glutaraldehyde as a preservation solution. Samples treated with urine preservatives confirmed the morphological deformation of the cells for four weeks at intervals of one week and confirmed whether they should be preserved for 4 weeks thereafter. After preparing the required sediment slide, two more slides were produced; one was stored in a refrigerator for, and the other was stored at room temperature. The morphological deformation of the specimen was confirmed. Glutaraldehyde has the effect of preserving the refrigerated essential sediments and storing them for up to 8 weeks, refrigerated storage after slide production, stabilized by 3 days. Moreover, after treatment with preservatives, the production of the slide and comparison between the measured values between the laboratories and examiners showed a low consistency. In conclusion, we showed that the urine sediment components can be preserved, and it can be used for quality control and education through real objects. Key words: Glutaraldehyde, Microscopic examination, Urine preservative Corresponding author: Kyung-A Shin Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Shinsung University, 1 Daehak-ro, Jeongmi-myeon, Dangjin 31801, Korea Tel: 82-41-350-1408 Fax: 82-41-350-1355 E-mail: [email protected] This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Copyright ยฉ 2017 The Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science. All rights reserved. Received: September 20, 2017 Revised 1 st : October 12, 2017 Revised 2 nd : October 30, 2017 Accepted: October 31, 2017 ์„œ ๋ก  ์š”๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์ง€๋ด‰์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ธ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด ์ค‘ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ณผ ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฉด, ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์š”๊ฒ€์ฒด์˜ ์–‘์ด๋‚˜ ์›์‹ฌ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์†๋„, ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ๋ฐ cover slip์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ ๋ผ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ํŒ๋…์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์‹ค ์ •์ด๋‹ค[1-5]. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์  ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์œ  ์šฉํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค[6]. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ํฌ ํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ๊ฒ€๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์Šต์œค ์Šฌ ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด ์œ ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์™ธ๋ถ€์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด 3์ฐจ ์ค‘ 2ํšŒ์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ง„ 8๋งค๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ•œ์ž„์ƒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌํ˜‘ํšŒ ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๊ฒŒ ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒ๋…ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[7]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋Š” ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์žฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ , ์‚ฌ์ง„์˜ ํ•ด

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Page 1: Chemical Preservation Methods of Urine Sediment for Quality ......accuracy by microscopic examination through the real thing by p reserving the essential sediment with glutaraldehyde,

Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 359

www.kjcls.org

ORIGINAL ARTICLEKorean J Clin Lab Sci. 2017;49(4):359-365https://doi.org/10.15324/kjcls.2017.49.4.359pISSN 1738-3544 eISSN 2288-1662

Chemical Preservation Methods of Urine Sediment for Quality Control

Soung Suck Cho1, Myong Soo Kim2, Kyung-A Shin1

1Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Shinsung University, Dangjin, Korea2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ณด์กด๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

์กฐ์„ฑ์„1, ๊น€๋ช…์ˆ˜2, ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์•„1

1์‹ ์„ฑ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ž„์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ๊ณผ, 2์‚ผ์„ฑ์„œ์šธ๋ณ‘์› ์ง„๋‹จ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ

There is greater standardization of quality control for microscopic examination of urine than for physicochemical test. In this study, we investigated whether it is possible to control the sediment accuracy by microscopic examination through the real thing by preserving the essential sediment with glutaraldehyde, which is required for the rationality of sediment quality control. A urine specimen was prepared using 2.5% glutaraldehyde as a preservation solution. Samples treated with urine preservatives confirmed the morphological deformation of the cells for four weeks at intervals of one week and confirmed whether they should be preserved for 4 weeks thereafter. After preparing the required sediment slide, two more slides were produced; one was stored in a refrigerator for, and the other was stored at room temperature. The morphological deformation of the specimen was confirmed. Glutaraldehyde has the effect of preserving the refrigerated essential sediments and storing them for up to 8 weeks, refrigerated storage after slide production, stabilized by 3 days. Moreover, after treatment with preservatives, the production of the slide and comparison between the measured values between the laboratories and examiners showed a low consistency. In conclusion, we showed that the urine sediment components can be preserved, and it can be used for quality control and education through real objects.

Key words: Glutaraldehyde, Microscopic examination, Urine preservative

Corresponding author: Kyung-A ShinDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Science, Shinsung University, 1 Daehak-ro, Jeongmi-myeon, Dangjin 31801, KoreaTel: 82-41-350-1408Fax: 82-41-350-1355E-mail: [email protected]

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright ยฉ 2017 The Korean Society for Clinical Laboratory Science. All rights reserved.

Received: September 20, 2017Revised 1st: October 12, 2017Revised 2nd: October 30, 2017Accepted: October 31, 2017

์„œ ๋ก 

์š”๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹œํ—˜์ง€๋ด‰์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์ 

๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ธ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ณ„๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด ์ค‘ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ž๋™

ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ–ฅ์ƒ๊ณผ ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ํšจ์œจ์„ฑ์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋ฐ˜

๋ฉด, ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์š”๊ฒ€์ฒด์˜ ์–‘์ด๋‚˜ ์›์‹ฌ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์†๋„, ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ๋ฐ

cover slip์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋“ฑ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ

๋ผ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ํŒ๋…์‹œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๊ด€์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น 

์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์‹ค

์ •์ด๋‹ค[1-5]. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ํ•™๊ณผ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ 

์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ์ง„๋‹จ ๋ฐ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ์œ 

์šฉํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค[6]. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์„ฑ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ํฌ

ํ•จํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒฝ๊ฒ€๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์Šต์œค ์Šฌ

๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘์— ์–ด๋ ค์›€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด

์œ ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์™ธ๋ถ€์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด 3์ฐจ ์ค‘ 2ํšŒ์˜ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์ง„ 8๋งค๋ฅผ ๋Œ€ํ•œ์ž„์ƒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌํ˜‘ํšŒ ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๊ฒŒ

์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒ๋…ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[7]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ

๋Š” ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ์žฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ , ์‚ฌ์ง„์˜ ํ•ด

Page 2: Chemical Preservation Methods of Urine Sediment for Quality ......accuracy by microscopic examination through the real thing by p reserving the essential sediment with glutaraldehyde,

360 Soung Suck Cho, et al. Preservation of Urine Sediment for Quality Control

www.kjcls.org

์ƒ๋„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ , ํ‘œ๋ณธ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ , ์‹ค

์ œ ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ•œ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€

์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜ค๋ž˜์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ด‰์ž…์ œ๋‚˜ ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋กœ ์š”

์นจ์‚ฌ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋“ค์€

์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[6,8-11]. ๊ทธ

๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์€ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ณด์กด์ด ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ  ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌํ•™์  ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‘

์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ์„ฑ๋ถ„๋งŒ์„ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜

๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ „์ฒด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํ™•๋ฆฝ

๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค[9]. Komarova ๋“ฑ[8]์€ ํฌ๋ฆ„์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๊ณ 

์ •์•ก์œผ๋กœ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณด์กด์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด

๋Š” ์ž„์ƒ ์‹ค์Šต์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ

Anpalahan ๋“ฑ[10]์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ์™€ ํฌ๋ฆ„์•Œ

๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋กœ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ 3๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ์‹ค์˜จ์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•œ

ํ›„์—๋„ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด,

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ต์œก์šฉ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„

์™ธ๋ถ€์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹œํ–‰์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด ์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐ

ํžˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ ์šฉํ•ด(cellular lysis)๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ๋ณด์กด์— ์œ 

์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ๋‹ค[11,12]. ์ด๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•  ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด

์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ถ„์„์— ํšจ๊ณผ

์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค[11]. ์‹ค์ œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ

๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ณด์กด์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ˜

๋ณต ๊ต์ฐจํ™•์ธ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‚ดยท์™ธ๋ถ€์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•จ๊ณผ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ต์œก

์  ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค[9]. ์ด์— ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€

๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กดํšจ๊ณผ์™€ ๋ณด์กด

๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ณด์กด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ์•ก์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘

ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ์ ์ธ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•œ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋… ๊ต์ฐจํ™•์ธ ๋ฐ

๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋Œ€์ƒ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

1. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ

์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋Š” ์„œ์šธ S๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ Sysmex UF-1000i

(Sysmex, Kobe, Japan)๋กœ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ

๊ณผ ์ค‘ ์ด์ƒ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋ฅผ ์œก์•ˆ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์žฌํ™•์ธํ•œ ํ›„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ

๋กœ ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด 25๊ฐœ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ธก์ •

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ(๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ), ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ, ์›์ฃผ, ๊ฒฐ

์ •์„ฑ๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด ์ค‘ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ์˜ฅ์‚ด์‚ฐ์นผ์Š˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ 5์ข…

์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

2. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์ œ์ž‘

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์ œ์ž‘๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์‹ ์„  ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์†Œ๋ณ€์„ conical tube์— 10 mL

๋ถ„์ฃผํ•˜์—ฌ 5 ๋ถ„๊ฐ„ ์›์‹ฌ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ(500 xg)ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์›์‹ฌ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์ƒ์ธต์•ก

์€ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  0.5 mL ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์นจ์ „๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด

์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ 20โˆผ50 uL ์ฒจ๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ์™€ ์นจ์ „๋ฌผ,

์ƒ์ธต ์—ฌ์•ก์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒŒ์ดํŽซ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด

๋“œ์— 0.01 mL ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฐ ํ›„ cover glass๋ฅผ ๋ฎ๊ณ  ๊ด‘ํ•™ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ

๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋Š” 25% ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด

์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ 10 mL์— ์ฆ๋ฅ˜์ˆ˜ 90 mL๋ฅผ ํ˜ผํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ(2.5% ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ

๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ) ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กด์•ก์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค[11].

3. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กดํšจ๊ณผ ํ™•์ธ์€ ๋™์ผ ๊ฒ€์ฒด 2๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์›์‹ฌ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”

๋ณด์กด์ œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋ƒ‰

์žฅ๋ณด๊ด€ ํ›„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. Clinical and Laboratory

Standards Institute ์ง€์นจ(CLSI GP16-A3)์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€

์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด counts/mL๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค

[13]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์—ฌ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ 

์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ 100๋ฐฐ ์ €๋ฐฐ์œจ(low power field,

LPF)์—์„œ ์ „์ฒด ์‹œ์•ผ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•œ ํ›„ 400๋ฐฐ ๊ณ ๋ฐฐ์œจ(high power

field, HPF)์—์„œ 10 ์‹œ์•ผ ์ด์ƒ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ์„ธ

ํฌ์ˆ˜์˜ ํ‰๊ท ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ[13], ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ํ™•

์ธ ํ›„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์—ฌ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋Š” 1

์ฃผ์ผ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ 4์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ดํ›„

4์ฃผ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ณด์กด์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์—ฌ

๋ถ€๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ž„์ƒ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌ์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์œก์•ˆ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ํ›„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ดฌ

์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

4. ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„ ๋ณด์กดํšจ๊ณผ ํ™•์ธ

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„ MEISEI auto slide coverslipping

(RCM 7000, Tokyo, Japan) ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Consul-Mount

(Thermo Fisher Scientific, Madison, USA)๋กœ ๊ฒ€์ฒด ๋‹น 2๊ฐœ์˜

์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์žฅ๋ณด๊ด€, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์˜จ

๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์ฒด์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ํ™•์ธ ํ›„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์—ฌ

ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

5. ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์‹œํ–‰

๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋… ๊ต์ฐจ ํ™•์ธ์€ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋กœ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ

์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ 1๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋… ๊ต์ฐจ ํ™•์ธ์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒ€

์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋กœ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ œ

Page 3: Chemical Preservation Methods of Urine Sediment for Quality ......accuracy by microscopic examination through the real thing by p reserving the essential sediment with glutaraldehyde,

Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 361

www.kjcls.org

Microscopic observation 0 day 2 months

RBC

WBC

Figure 1. Morphological changes of urine sediment constituents after treatment with glutaraldehyde (ร—400). Abbreviations: RBC, red blood cell; WBC, white blood cell.

Table 1. Preservation of urine sediment constituents after glutaraldehyde treatment

Microscopic elements

1 week 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks 8 weeks

RBC NC NC NC NC NCWBC NC NC NC NC NCEpithelial cell NC NC NC NC NCCast NC NC NC NC NCCrystal NC NC NC NC NC

Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; NC, no change.

์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๋Š” 7๊ธฐ๊ด€, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋Š” 10๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ฒ€

์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€

ํ•˜์—ฌ 3์ผ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ด๋‹น์ž๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋… ๊ต์ฐจ ํ™•

์ธ ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋Š” ๋ณด์กด์ œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด

๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„ 3์ผ๊ฐ„ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€๋œ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ

๊ตฌ๋Š” ์‹ ์žฅ๋‚ด๊ณผ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋น„์ค‘์ด 1.010 ์ด์ƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๊ด‘ํ•™ํ˜„

๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฐฐ์œจ(HPF)์—์„œ 5๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋œ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋ฅผ

์„ ์ •ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ์€ ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ

400๋ฐฐ ์‹œ์•ผ์—์„œ 100๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ

์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์„ธ์–ด ๋ฐฑ๋ถ„์œจ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. CLSI GP16-A3 ์ง€์นจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด

๋ฉด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ต์‹œ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฐฐ์œจ์ด๋‚˜

์ €๋ฐฐ์œจ ์‹œ์•ผ๋‹น ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์‹  ์šฉ์ ๋‹จ์œ„๋‹น ๋น„์ •์ƒ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด

๊ณ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, ์ด๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ์ƒํ’ˆํ™” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ

์‹œ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค[13]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ ๊ฒ€์ฒด

์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๋น„๊ต๋Š” ๊ฐ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค์˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 

ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ cell grade ํ‰๊ฐ€๋Š” ์„œ์šธ S๋ณ‘

์›์˜ grade 1; 0โˆผ2 (์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜/HPF), grade 2; 3โˆผ5 (์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜/HPF),

grade 3; 6โˆผ10 (์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜/HPF), grade 4; 11โˆผ20 (์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜/HPF),

grade 5; ๏ผž21 (์„ธํฌ์ˆ˜/HPF)์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

6. ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ

๊ธฐ์กด์— ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌํ˜‘ํšŒ์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํŒ๋…

ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ , ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์‹ค๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 

์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ , ์š”๊ฒฝ๊ฒ€ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์Šฌ๋ผ

์ด๋“œ ์‹ค๋ฌผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ์žฅ์ ์„ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์— ๋ฐฐ

ํฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ ๊ณผ

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ๋ณด์กด์ œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ธํฌ์„ฑ

๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณด์กด ์œ ๋ฌด ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธ

ํฌ, ์›์ฃผ, ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ณด์กดํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ

์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 2๊ฐœ์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ํ˜•

ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ์—†์ด ์œ ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค(Table 1, Figure 1). ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ€

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Microscopic observation 0 day 2 months

Epithelial cell

Cast

Calcium oxalate crystal

Bacteria

Figure 1. Continued.

๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธํฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณด์กด

์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ, ์›์ฃผ, ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ์‹ค

์˜จ์—์„œ 1์ผ์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์„ธํฌ ์„ฑ

๋ถ„๋“ค์€ 3์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค(Table 2). ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ€

๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒ€

์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋…์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” Table 3๊ณผ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค. 7๊ธฐ๊ด€

์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 15โˆผ76%๋กœ ํŽธ์ฐจ

๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 1๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ 3๋ช…์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ

๋น„์œจ์„ ํŒ๋… ๊ต์ฐจ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 40โˆผ70%์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ํฐ ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด

์˜€๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋กœ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์Šฌ

๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋…์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ,

์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ์ผ์น˜๋„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์„œ์šธ S๋ณ‘์›์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋”ฐ

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Table 4. Compared between laboratories after glutaraldehyde slides produced

HospitalRBC

(cell/HPF)WBC

(cell/HPF)Epithelial cell

(cell/HPF)Cast (cell/LPF) Crystal (cell/LPF) Others (cell/HPF)

A 10-19 4-9 0-3 . ca. oxalate .B 11-20 6-10 6-10 Hyaline cast/๏ผž21 ca. oxalate/some Bacteria/a fewC 5-9 2-4 5-9 . ca. oxalate/some Bacteria/a fewD 11-20 . . . ca. oxalate/a few .E 5-9 5-9 5-9 . . .F 11-15 3-5 3-5 . ca. oxalate/๏ผž20 .G 10-19 1-3 1-3 . ca. oxalate/10โˆผ19 .H 5-9 5-9 5-9 . ca. oxalate/many/๏ผž10 Mucous thread, bacteria 2+I 5-9 10-19 5-9 . . .J 5-9 5-9 1-4 . ca. oxalate Bacteria/a few

Abbreviations: RBC, red blood cel;l WBC, white blood cell; HPF, high power field; LPF, low power field.

Table 3. Glutaraldehyde-treated slides compared between the laboratory and personnel of dysmorphic RBC

Hospitalcomparison between

laboratories of dysmorphic RBC

comparison between laboratory personnel

reading of dysmorphic RBC

A 35.0%B 60.0%C 15.0%D 70.0%E 76.0%F 40.0%G 45.0% 40.0%

70.0%

Table 2. Preservation of the urine sediment constituents in urine slides after glutaraldehyde treatment

Microscopic elements

1 day at room

temperature

1 day refrigerated

2 days refrigerated

3 daysrefrigerated

RBC change NC NC NCWBC change NC NC NCEpithelial cell change NC NC NCCast change NC NC NCCrystal change NC NC NC

Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell; NC, no change.

๋ผ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ cell grade๊ฐ€ 1โˆผ2๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์ •๋„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ

๋ฉฐ, D๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ๋Š” ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๋งŒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์›์ฃผ๋Š” 1๊ธฐ๊ด€์—

์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์™ธ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ท ์€ 4๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ, ์ ์•ก

์‚ฌ๋Š” 1๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ผ์น˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค(Table 4). ์„ค๋ฌธ

์กฐ์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌํ˜‘ํšŒ์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ •๋„

๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ pH ๋“ฑ ์‚ฌ์ง„

์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ •๋ณด์˜ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ, ์‚ฌ์ง„์˜ ํ•ด์ƒ๋„ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„

๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šฌ

๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์‹ค๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ™”์‚ดํ‘œ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜

์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ , ํ†ต์ผ์„ฑ

์žˆ๋Š” ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ , ์šด์†ก์ƒํƒœ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋“œ๋ผ์ด ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ

ํฌ ๋ฐœ์ƒ ์šฐ๋ ค์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋ณด๋‹ค ํ˜„

์—…์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ , ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์‹ค๋ฌผ

์ด ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ์ด ์šฉ์ดํ•œ ์ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์‹œ์•ผ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ์„ธํฌ์—

๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜ผ๋™์„ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์žฅ์ ์ด ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ณ  ์ฐฐ

์š”๊ฒฝ๊ฒ€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ํ›„ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋‚ด์˜ ์‹ 

์„ ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋œ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋Š” ๋ณด์กด๋˜

์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[6]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์„ธํฌ ์ฆ๋ก€๋ฅผ

๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์‹ ์ž…์ง์› ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋กœํ…Œ์ด์…˜์‹œ ๊ต์œก์šฉ ๋˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ

์‹ค์Šต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ต์œก์šฉ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์š”์นจ

์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ณด์กดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด

์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค[6]. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์ •๋„

๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์ œ์ธ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋กœ ์š”

์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค๋ฌผ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ

๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

CLSI GP16-A3 ์ง€์นจ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์š”๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฑ„๋‡จ ํ›„ 2 ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด๋‚ด

์— ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ง€์—ฐ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹œ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์˜จ

๋„์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ œ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค

[13,14]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋ฐฐ์–‘์—์„œ

์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค[15]. ์ด์ „์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ณ ์ •์•ก์ด๋‚˜ ์—ผ์ƒ‰๋ฐฉ

๋ฒ•, ๋ด‰์ž…๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋“ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์žฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„

๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค[6,8-11]. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ผ์ƒ‰๋ฒ•์€ ์ˆ ์‹์ด ๋ณต์žกํ•˜

๊ณ  ์—ผ์ƒ‰๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ[6], ๋ณ‘๋ฆฌํ•™์ 

๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ์„ฑ๋ถ„๋งŒ์„ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ณด

๊ณ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „์ฒด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€

Page 6: Chemical Preservation Methods of Urine Sediment for Quality ......accuracy by microscopic examination through the real thing by p reserving the essential sediment with glutaraldehyde,

364 Soung Suck Cho, et al. Preservation of Urine Sediment for Quality Control

www.kjcls.org

ํ™•๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค[9]. ํ•œํŽธ, ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ™”ํ•™์  ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋ฅผ

์ฒจ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ํ›„ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ธํฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณด์กด์— ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ

๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜๋ฉฐ[11], ์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” ์ƒํ’ˆํ™”๋œ ์š”๋ณด์กด์ œ ๋ฐ ์š”๋ณด

์กด์ œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋œ tube์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ

๋‹ค[16,17].

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ

์„ฑ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ, ์›์ฃผ, ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์ 

๋ณด์กด์„ฑ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 2๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ ์„ธํฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณ€

ํ˜•์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ณด์กด์•ก์œผ

๋กœ๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆ„์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ, ๋ถ•์‚ฐ(boric acid), ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ๋“ฑ์ด

์žˆ๋‹ค[8,10,11,18-20]. ๋ถ•์‚ฐ์€ ์„ธ๊ท  ๋ฐœ์œก ์–ต์ œ์ œ๋กœ์„œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ

๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ[20], ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด

์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ 1.5โˆผ6%์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์•ก์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ

๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์ •์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค[12]. ๊ทธ ์™ธ์— ์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ํƒ„์˜ฌ

์€ ์„ธํฌํ•™์—์„œ ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ

๋กœ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ๋ฐ ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ์˜ ์šฉํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค[21]. ๋˜ํ•œ ํด๋ฆฌ์—ํ‹ธ๋ Œ

๊ธ€๋ฆฌ์ฝœ์€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์กดํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ํƒ„์˜ฌ

๊ณ ์ •์ œ(Saccomanno's fixative)์— ์ฒจ๊ฐ€๋œ๋‹ค[21]. Komarova

๋“ฑ[8]์€ ํฌ๋ฆ„์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๊ณ ์ •์•ก์ธ Cellfix๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ ์–ด๋„

24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ์ž„

์ƒ์‹ค์Šต์— ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํฌ๋ฆ„์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ

๋“œ์™€ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 12์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ณด์กด์ด

๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ[11], Anpalahan ๋“ฑ[10]์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋ฆ„

์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ์™€ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋กœ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์‹ค์˜จ์—์„œ 3๊ฐœ์›”๊ฐ„ ๋ณด

์กดํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ์œ„์ƒ์ฐจ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•จ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Bottini ๋“ฑ[22]๋„ ํฌ๋ฆ„์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๊ณ„ ์šฉ์•ก์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ์—์„œ ์ 

ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ 90์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ

๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ธํฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณด์กด์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ์ƒ

ํ”ผ์„ธํฌ, ์›์ฃผ, ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ ์‹ค์˜จ์—์„œ 1์ผ๋งŒ์— ๋ณ€์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์˜€์œผ๋‚˜,

๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์˜€์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 3์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ธํฌ์„ฑ๋ถ„์€ pH, ๋น„์ค‘, ์˜จ๋„, ์„ธ

๊ท ์˜ ์กด์žฌ ์œ ๋ฌด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ถ•

๊ดด๋Š” pH 7.0์„ ์ดˆ๊ณผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„์ค‘์ด 1.009 ์ดํ•˜์ผ ๋•Œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ๋‹ค

[23]. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” 2์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ง€์—ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ๊ด€

์ฐฐ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ™ํŠธ๋ฆฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ๋ฐฑ์งˆ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์œ ์ง€๋˜๋Š” ์ธ์ง€

์งˆ ์ด์ค‘์ธต์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค[8].

์ €์ž๋“ค์€ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 3์ผ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ

์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋…์„

๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 7๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ ๋น„์œจ์€ 15

โˆผ76%๋กœ ํŽธ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ 1๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ 3๋ช…์˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž

๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํŒ๋… ๊ต์ฐจ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 40โˆผ70%์˜ ๋น„์œจ๋กœ ํฐ

ํŽธ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์ด์ƒ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋กœ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ

์‹ค๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋…์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ ํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ๋ฐฑํ˜ˆ๊ตฌ, ์ƒํ”ผ์„ธํฌ๋Š” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„

์ผ์น˜๋„์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ cell grade๊ฐ€ 1โˆผ2๋‹จ๊ณ„ ์ •๋„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ ์›์ฃผ๋Š” 1๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์™ธ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์„ธ๊ท 

์€ 4๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ, ์ ์•ก์‚ฌ๋Š” 1๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ผ์น˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด

์˜€๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„ ์ผ์น˜๋„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ์˜ ๋“œ๋ผ

์ด ํ˜„์ƒ, ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ œ์ž‘์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ bias, ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋†์ถ•์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ ๋“ฑ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์—

์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ์š”๊ฒฝ๊ฒ€ ์ •๋„๊ด€

๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์‹ค๋ฌผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‹œํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ฌธ์ง€๋ฅผ

ํ†ตํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ„์„ญํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ด‰์ž…

์ œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” 10๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด

๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ„์˜ ํŒ์ •๊ธฐ์ค€์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ œํ•œ์ ์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์š”

๊ฒฝ๊ฒ€์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ธ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๋œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€

์š”๊ตฌ๋œ๋‹ค.

๋ณด์กด์ œ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋ณด๊ด€ ์˜จ๋„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณด์กด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹ค

์–‘ํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋…ผ๋ž€

์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ผ์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜

๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์š”์นจ

์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์— ์‘์šฉ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋œ

๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ‰์†Œ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์„ธํฌ์˜ ์ฆ๋ก€๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ์š”

์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•™์ƒ์‹ค์Šต ๋ฐ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค์—์„œ ๊ต์œก์šฉ

์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค[6].

๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 2

๊ฐœ์›”๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋ƒ‰

์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 3์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณด์กด์ œ ์ฒ˜

๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ„ ํŒ๋…์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ

๊ณผ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ผ์น˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.

์š” ์•ฝ

์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ™”ํ•™์  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ํ™”๊ฐ€

์–ด๋ ค์šด ์‹ค์ •์ด๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์„ฑ์„

์œ„ํ•ด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ๋ณด์กด์ œ์ธ ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋กœ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜์—ฌ

์‹ค๋ฌผ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ํ˜„๋ฏธ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ

์•„๋ณด๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. 2.5% ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กด์•ก์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ

ํ‘œ๋ณธ์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๋ณด์กด์ œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ฒ€์ฒด๋Š” 1์ฃผ์ผ ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ 4

์ฃผ๊ฐ„ ์„ธํฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์ดํ›„ 4์ฃผ๊ฐ„์€ ๋ณด์กด์—ฌ

๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ

์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์žฅ๋ณด๊ด€, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹ค์˜จ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€

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Korean J Clin Lab Sci. Vol. 49, No. 4, December 2017 365

www.kjcls.org

์ฒด์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœํ•™์  ๋ณ€ํ˜•์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ธ€๋ฃจํƒ€๋ฅด์•Œ๋ฐํžˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์š”์นจ

์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 8์ฃผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด

๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ ํ›„์—๋Š” ๋ƒ‰์žฅ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์—ฌ 3์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ

๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณด์กด์ œ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ›„ ์Šฌ๋ผ์ด๋“œ ์ œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ฐ„, ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ„

ํŒ๋…์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋‚ฎ์€ ์ผ์น˜๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์š”์นจ์‚ฌ ์„ฑ๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์กดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์‹ค๋ฌผ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์ •๋„๊ด€๋ฆฌ

๋ฐ ๊ต์œก์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋œ๋‹ค.

Acknowledgements: This study was financially supported

by the research fund of the Korean Association of External

Quality Assessment Service, in 2016.

Funding: None

Conflict of interest: None

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