chemist project - 2nd meeting

8/11/2019 Chemist Project - 2nd Meeting

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ABSTRACT

The main purpose of this study is to identify the positive side of caffeine

and how it acts as antioxidant. Caffeine contains a lot of substance that can

boost up energy and make us feeling hard to sleep. It is also found in varying

quantities in the seeds, leaves, and frui t of some plants, where it acts as a

natural resources to treat many diseases , especially Alzheimers disease . In

humans, caffeine acts as antioxidants that can overcome the oxidation in

human tissue. Indirectly, caffeine plays a major role in treating Alzheimers

disease. Beverages containing caffeine, such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, and

energy drinks, enjoy great popularity and who take it as daily requirement, he

deserved to prevent from Alzheimers disease. This study also found that

caffeine also has negative effects, so some alternatives are needed to

overcome this problem. One of the alternative ways i s Goji berries. Besides,

Guayaki Yerba Mate, Teecino and Coofix are also the alternative ways. In Islam, we

need to choose properly food and drinks to consume whether it is good or bad for our

body. Thus, this study may be useful for us as a student that always will consume

caffeine as a booster to our study.


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INTRODUCTION

People commonly know that caffeine have a lot of disadvantages and negative

effects more than the positive side. For example, caffeine can cause migraine when

people take it regularly. Plus, caffeine consumption raise blood pressure in those

already suffering from hypertension. Furthermore, caffeine may cause insomnia.

Caffeine in a persons system at bedtime can mimic the symptoms of insomnia. Those

are negative effects that people know.

However, Allah wont create something without any purpose. There must be

good and bad effects in every substances. Plus, caffeine also have its own purposes.

The most important thing about caffeine can be described by both scientist, Annia

Galano and Jorge Rafael Leon-Carmona as one of the richest sources of healthful.

Thus, what the positive sides of caffeine? Studies prove that caffeine can act as

antioxidant which have a lot of benefits to the mankind. There is a lot of disease that

are really related with antioxidants. One of the diseases is Alzheimers disease. How

caffeine can treat Alzheimers disease?

Thus, the objective of this project is to explain to the reader about the effect of

caffeine as antioxidant and the benefits of taking caffeine.

This project will emphasized

about how caffeine act as antioxidant and bring benefits although caffeine well-known

have more negative sides than positive sides. This project also especially explained how

caffeine as antioxidants play a major role in treating Alzheimers disease.


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CONTENT

2.1 CAFFEINE IN COFFEE

Caffeine is found in varying quantities in the seeds, leaves, and fruit of some

plants. In humans, caffeine acts as acentral nervous systemstimulant. Caffeine had

been used by beverage companies as their product to customer in form of drinks such

as tea, soft drinks, energy drinks, carbonated drinks and also coffee.

Coffee can be defined as brewed beverage prepared from the roasted seeds

of several species of an evergreen shrub of the genus Coffea. Drinking a cup of coffee

at the night may help us awake from sleep. It is common to us that drinking a cup of

coffee may help human to sleep deprivation. It is because coffee is slightly acidic

(pH5.0-5.1) and it contains caffeine that stimulate the central nervous system in our

brain thus make human body energized and feel fresh.

A cup of coffee contains 6% of the RDA for Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5), 11% of

the RDA for Riboflavin (Vitamin B2), 2% of the RDA for Niacin (B3) and Thiamine (B1), 3%

of the RDA for Potassium andManganese and coffee also contains a massive amount

ofANTIOXIDANTS.

2.2 CAFFEINE AS ANTIOXIDANTS

A new study shows that caffeine directly act as antioxidants. Antioxidants are

substances that are capable or counteracting the damaging, but normal, effects of

physiological process of oxidation in human tissue. Antioxidants are nutrients (vitamins

and minerals) as well as enzymes (proteins in your body that assist in chemical

reaction).

Free radicals
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_nervous_system


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Oxidative stress occurs when the production of harmful molecules called free radicalsis

beyond the protective capability of the antioxidant defence. Free radicals are

chemically active atoms or molecular fragments that have a charge due to an excess

or deficient number of electrons.

Relationship between antioxidants and free radicals

One of the examples of free radicals is nitrogen dioxide. The nitrogen dioxide

(NO2) is one of the most damaging free radicals that can occur in your body. This free

radical is not deactivated by an enzyme system and typically requires antioxidant

nutrients such as vitamin Eto take care of it. If nitrogen dioxide are not neutralized then

they readily damage large molecules such as fatty membranes of cells, and structural

proteins. Caffeine works by directly binding to the nitrogen dioxide and neutralizing it.

Example of chemical equation in reaction between free radicals and caffeine;

NO2 + Caffeine NO2 + Caffeine

This shown that NO2 act as damage free radical that have unpaired electron while

caffeine act as antioxidant. When reaction with caffeine occur, the unpaired electron

transfer to caffeine as shown in chemical equation above.

2.3 NEGATIVE SIDE OF CAFFEINE

One of the negative side of caffeine that well known is caffeine consumption

raise blood pressure in those already suffering from hypertension. There is an experiment

that carried out to people with hypertension they were given 250 mg of caffeine (about

2 coffees) and the data revealed that their blood pressure was elevated for about 2-3

hours after consuming caffeine.

Besides, caffeine also may cause insomnia if consuming it regularly. Caffeine can

stimulate central nervous system that affect the ability of a persons to sleep. Plus,

caffeine also can cause headache. When occasional doses of caffeine can relieve


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headache symptoms meanwhile the overuse of caffeine can cause headaches and

lead to migraines.

2.4 POSITIVE SIDE OF CAFFEINE

Actually, there a lot of positive side of caffeine, waiting for us to discover and

implement it to our daily lives. One of the advantages of caffeine that is interest us is it

works as antioxidants in which a study shows that it can prevent the Alzheimers disease.

Alzheimers disease

Alzheimers disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the

brains nerve cells, or neurons, resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills

and behavioral changes. There are symptoms of Alzheimers disease which is memory

loss that disrupts daily life, challenges in planning or solving problems and difficulty

completing familiar tasks and confusion with time or place.

Treat Alzheimers disease

As stated before caffeine act as antioxidant. Caffeine (as antioxidant) provides

protection against memory loss (Alzheimers). Caffeine decreased abnormal levels of

the protein linked to Alzheimers disease both in the brains and in the blood of miceexhibiting symptoms of the disease.

Accumulating data indicate that oxidative stress (OS) plays a major role in the

Alzheimer's disease. The damage of cardinal cellular components such as lipids,

proteins, and nucleic acids (in brain) causing cell death. The damage can become

more widespread because of the weakened cellular antioxidant defense systems.

Therefore, treatment with antioxidants (which is caffeine) might theoretically act to

prevent propagation of tissue damage and improve both survival and neurological

outcome.

According to Dr Cuanhai Cao, neuroscientist at the University of South Florida

Health Byrd Alzheimers Institute, These intriguing results suggest that older adults with

mild memory impairment who drink moderate levels of coffee about 3 cups a day will


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not convert to Alzheimers disease or at least will experience a substantial delay before

converting to Alzheimers.

This shown that the antioxidant plays major role in treating Alzheimers disease

whereas it provide protection and prevent the damages of cells in brains.

CONCLUSION

From the project, it can be conclude that one of the substances that contain

caffeine is coffee. Data showed that in a cup of coffee contains caffeine which act as

antioxidants.

Antioxidants function as a mechanism to neutralize free radical contain in our

body. Free radical can be defined as chemically active atoms or molecular fragmentsthat are capable damaging large molecules and being harmful to our body. Thus,

caffeine as antioxidant works by directly binding to the free radical and neutralizing it.

Apart from the antioxidants, caffeine also have negative effects such as raise

blood pressure, cause headache and also cause insomnia. Contrary to the negative

effects, caffeine also have positive sides that can prevent the Alzheimers disease by

decreasing abnormal levels of the protein. Furthermore, existence of caffeine as

antioxidants in the treatment prevent propagation of tissue damage in the brains.

However, there are still alternatives that can be replaced with coffee which is

Goji berries (also known as Wolf berries). Goji berries are one of the most nutritionally

dense superfoods and contain a vast array of vitamins and minerals. It is also believed

that Goji berries is one of the best sources of antioxidants which can treat Alzheimers

diseases. Although the Goji berries are good but it is too expensive where a 500g bag of

dried Goji berries costs about $15-$20 at food stores.

Besides that, Teecino and Coofix also can be one of the alternatives ways.

Teecino and Coofix are primarily made from grains, herbs, fruits and nuts. These

products have had great success in mimicking the coffee. The only constrain to the

alternatives is that maybe Teecino and Coofix have worst taste than coffee so most of

the people dont like it.


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The other alternatives is Guayaki Yerba Mate which made from the naturally

caffeinated and nourishing leaves of South American rainforest holly tree. Although it

contains the same stimulants as coffee, including caffeine, it does not have the same

high acidity content. Moreover, it contains an abundance of vitamins, minerals and

antioxidants.

Caffeine is one of the most well-studied ingredients in the food supply. Even so,

controversy and misconceptions about this food component continue. Based on

Islamic reviews that we know, there is prohibition to consume any substances/food that

are haram and give bad effects. Even it is halal, if the food is not suitable with our

health we are discourage to take the food. Asstated in Quran (16:114) Therefore eat

of what Allah has given you, lawful and good (things), and give thanks for Allah's favor

if him do you serve. In this verse, Allah told us to eat halaland good things .Therefore ,

we need to think first before we consume too much caffeine , whether it is good for us

in a short period or long period. In Islam it called halalan toyyiban (halal and

beneficial).

Despite negative effects, caffeine also have positive sides. Each creation in this

world that created by Allah has its own purpose which bring benefits to the mankind.

For caffeine, it also have advantages that benefits to the mankind based on Al-Quran

(54:49) Indeed, all things We created with predestination. Therefore, we must take the

advantages of the caffeine and use it for the sake of ummah.

Our beloved Prophet Muhammad PBUH once said: Whoever keeps his/her

body in a good condition, calm in his life and have the enough amount of daily food,

verily this world is belong to him.(Riwayah At-Tirmizi). This hadith clearly shows Islam

taught us to find best cure of any disease in this world to have a healthy body. Caffeine

can be the cure of toxin in our body. Thus, the cure maybe benefits for the health of the

ummah.


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Appendix

Figure 1 : Caffeine structure Figure 2 : Caffeine in supplement.


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Figure 3 : Positive & Negative side of caffeine to our human body.

Figure 4 : Caffeine in beverage companies.


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Figure 5 : Structure of patients brain Figure 6 : Free radicals and antioxidants.

that suffered Alzheimers disease.

chemist project - 2nd meeting

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