Chemistry project

3BChiu Wing Yan 24 Kwan Chi Ting 25 Lau Yan Ting 26Wong Wun Ching 33

自己做 100%無添加洗顏&沐浴&洗髮精

Introduction WHAT kind of liquid soap is suitable for

us ?

WHY it is GOOD for us ?

HOW to make a liquid soap ?

WHAT kind of liquid soap is suitable for us ? different materials ~herb ~fruits / vegetables -> use to instead water

skin ~dry / normal / oily skin

WHY it is GOOD for us ?

easy to make ~ high success rate

convenient to use ~ environmental and safety

avoid chemicals (emulsifier 乳化劑 ,thickener 增稠劑 )

~no skin sensibility

HOW to make a liquid soap ?

know what kind of skin and needs you are

choose the materials ~ no unsaponifiable (未皂化的 ) matter

follow the steps of experiment

FormulaeOil + Potassium hydroxide chemical reaction

=liquid soap

use level of Potassium hydroxide

use level of water

use level of Potassium hydroxide = oil weight × saponification value

~saponification value = the need of alkalis grams of each gram

of oil

use level of water ~the water of dissolving Potassium

hydroxide = use level of Potassium hydroxide x 3

~the water of dissolving the soap = oil weight x 1~2

Exampleoil weight=Cocoanut oil + Olive oil80g + 370g＝ 450g

use level of Potassium hydroxide ＝ Cocoanut oil × Saponification value of Cocoanut oil + Olive oil × Saponification value of Olive oil

＝ 80g × 0.2660 + 370g × 0.1876＝ 21.28+69.412＝ 90.692

Experiment put the oil into kettle heat the oil to 80℃ pour the water into Potassium hydroxide

(alkaline solution is produced) use the thermometer to stir the solutioncheck the temperaturepour the alkaline solution into

the kettle

stir ~after 10 mins appear small white bobbles ~after 25 mins appear some smoke ~after 45 mins become creamy ~after 60 mins become thick and close to solid

put in a Styrofoam box ~24 hours

put the soap at a dry place ~two weeks

tear the solid soap into small pieces add hot water stir FINISH

Affects the experiment of chemistry is so

professional ~ we can’t do it ourselves

the knowledge of chemistry is related to our daily life

~ Potassium hydroxide soap

Comment increase the knowledge and interests of

chemistry ~ including many formulae

easily to understand ~ complicated idea picture + simple

words ~clear steps

readers can have high sense of participation

~including many suggestion tips

Q: How can I reduce the time of stirring the liquid soap?

A: Add some cold water/increase the heat water!

improve the skin and hair ~most suitable for your skin

~THE END~