CHEMISTRY PROJECT WORK

MADE BY :-

ASHISH BHASKAR

WATER POLLUTION

TOPIC

INDEX1. WHAT IS WATER POLLUTION?2. TYPES 3. CAUSES4. EFFECTS 5. SOLUTION / PREVENTION

WHAT IS WATER POLLUTION?• Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies

(e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifiers and groundwater). • Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly or

indirectly discharged into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.

• Water pollution affects plants and organisms living in these bodies of water. In almost all cases the effect is damaging not only to individual species and populations, but also to the natural biological communities.

• Inorganic Pollutants Ex :- Metals like Pb, Hg etc.• Organic Pollutants Ex :- Fertilizers, Industrial Waste etc.• Biologic Pollutants Ex :- Parasites, Bacteria etc.

TYPES OF WATER POLLUTANTS

CAUSES• Industrial waste

Industries cause huge water pollution with their activities.Ex :-

1. Sulphur – This is a non-metallic substance that is harmful for marine life.

2. Lead and Mercury – These are metallic elements and can cause environmental and health problems for humans and animals. It is even more poisonous. It is usually very hard to clean it up from the environment once it get into it because it in non-biodegradable.

ACID RAIN FORMED DUE TO SULPHUR DIOXIDE EMMISION FROM FACTORIES.

• Sewage and waste waterEveryday, we cook, do laundry, flush the toilet, wash our cars, shower and do many things that use water. Think about how we use water in schools, hospitals and public places. Ex :-

Septic TanksEvery domestic (home) toilet is connected to septic tank usually located outside the house. Each time poop is flushed down the toilet, it goes into this tank, where the solid part is separated from the liquid part. Biological processes are used to break down the solids and the liquid is usually drained out into a land drainage system. From this stage, it can escape into the soil and nearly water bodies.

WASTE WATER FROM HOUSES IS DRAINED IN A NEARLY WATER BODY.

EFFECTS• The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on

what chemicals are dumped and in what locations.

1.Death of Aquatic AnimalsThe main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that depends on these water bodies. Dead fish, crabs, birds and sea gulls, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat.

2.Disruption of food-chainsPollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels.

FOOD CHAIN SHOWING HOW CHEMICALS ARE TRANSFERRED FROM A LOWER LEVEL TO A HIGHER LEVEL.

3.DiseasesEventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. In many poor nations, there is always outbreak of cholera and diseases as a result of poor drinking water treatment from contaminated waters.

4.Destruction of ecosystemsEcosystem can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution. Many areas are now being affected by careless human pollution, and this pollution is coming back to hurt humans in many ways.

PREVENTION/SOLUTION• Never throw rubbish away anyhow. Always look for

the correct waste bin. If there is none around, please take it home and put it in your trash can. This includes places like the beach, riverside and water bodies.

• Use water wisely. Do not keep the tap running when not in use. Also, you can reduce the amount of water you use in washing and bathing. If we all do this, we can significantly prevent water shortages and reduces the amount of dirty water that needs treatment.

• Do not throw chemicals, oils, paints and medicines down the sink drain, or the toilet. In many cities, your local environment office can help with the disposal of medicines and chemicals. Check with your local authorities if there is a chemical disposal plan for local residents.

• Buy more environmentally safe cleaning liquids for the use at home and other public places. They are less dangerous to the environment.

• If you use chemicals and pesticides for your gardens and farms, be mindful not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers. This will reduce runoffs of the material into nearby water sources. Start looking at options of composting and using organic manure instead.

OUR EARTH AT PRESENT

IF POLLUTION DOESN’T STOP IT WILL BE LIKE THIS

A

TO STOP IT LET’S AWAKE NOW OR OUR FUTURE WILL BE IN DARK

AND ITS OUR EARTH HOW CAN WE LIVE IT LIKE THAT LET’S COME TOGETHER AND MAKE IT A BEAUTIFUL PLACE AS IT WAS BEFORE WHEN GIVEN TO US.

LET’S FIGHT FOR OUR EARTHREMEMBER THE THREE R’S :-

REDUCE, REUSE, RECYCLE. OUR BRIGHT FUTURE IS WAITING FOR US……

A BEAUTIFUL WORLD STARTS WITH YOU

SAVE WATER, SAVE EARTH, SAVE YOURSELF

THANK YOU