chi 2015 - collaborative accessibility: how blind and sighted companions co-create accessible home...
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Collaborative Accessibility whatHow blind and sighted companions co-create accessible home spaces whatStacy Branham & Shaun Kane
sighted people are assistive technologies
blind people choose sighted assistance
http://products.geappliances.com/MarketingObjectRetrieval/Dispatcher?RequestType=Image&Name=R11947.jpg
prior workmost assistive technologies focus on the individual
VoiceOver KNFB Reader Trekker GPS
http://imgs.notitarde.com/Imgs/2014/09/28dc18b3-6e11-45d1-973f-358598bc001d_W_00960.jpg https://www.apple.com/accessibility/ios/voiceover/images/rotor.jpg http://www.forestparkreview.com/ArchiveImages/6860b.jpg
prior workmost assistive technologies focus on the individual
VoiceOver KNFB Reader Trekker GPS
http://imgs.notitarde.com/Imgs/2014/09/28dc18b3-6e11-45d1-973f-358598bc001d_W_00960.jpg https://www.apple.com/accessibility/ios/voiceover/images/rotor.jpg http://www.forestparkreview.com/ArchiveImages/6860b.jpg
“
(Wobbrock et al., 2011)
All accessible computing approaches share a common goal of improving independence…”
mobile AT in the wild (Kane, Jayant, Wobbrock, Ladner; 2009)
stigma and AT adoption (Shinohara & Wobbrock; 2011)
collaboration on navigation tasks (Williams, Galbraith, Kane, Hurst; 2014)
prior worksome are beginning to explore social context
how do people who are blind create accessible spaces in social settings?
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.5
418
8
16 4
28
341
8
bear & sissy
rebecca & mitch
robin & ben
parsa & ava
kay & phil
jasmine & dhanvi
lisa & james
guido & jean marie
ian & brynn
butterfly & henri
participants
67 63
22 26
31 37
36 32
49 51
29 26 32 63
58 48
60 56
70 63
data & analysis
20+ hours audio
+200+ pictures
20 videos
we conducted a qualitative thematic analysis on interview audio recordings, photos, and videos
themes
collaborative accessibilitywhen surrounding family members, friends, strangers, etc. support or hinder accessibility
67 63
41
bear& sissy22 26
3
rebecca & mitch
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collaborative accessibilitywhen surrounding family members, friends, strangers, etc. support or hinder accessibility
67 63
41
bear& sissy22 26
3
rebecca & mitch
http://dojbfbukd6hul.cloudfront.net/category/gallery/caddy-diff-01-s2.jpg
Accessibility is not embedded in the device. It is produced collaboratively.
patterns of collaborationPreparation
Intervention
pattern: preparation“[Being blind], you can't just do things on the spur of the moment. Stay organized and plan.”
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http://hgtvhome.sndimg.com/content/dam/images/hgtv/fullset/2011/11/4/1/19-DH2012_Kitchen-Spices_4x3.jpg.rend.hgtvcom.1280.960.jpeg
take out the spices
36 32
8
parsa & ava
“I ask her in the morning 'I need this, this, this, and this. Please put them near the stove’ because I want to be fast enough.”
pattern: preparation“[Being blind], you can't just do things on the spur of the moment. Stay organized and plan.”
http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-x-bCM4EbP2Y/U_0WNJK3d4I/AAAAAAAAA-k/1cbeLi1TSTY/s1600/Shirt10.png
folding shirts and socks“We had to come up with this system for t-shirts. I fold [casual shirts] a different way so he can tell them apart.”
60 56
28
guido & jean marie
pattern: preparation“[Being blind], you can't just do things on the spur of the moment. Stay organized and plan.”
guided tour of the microwave
49 51
16
kay & phil
“It is very irritating to have to interrupt someone to ask them to help me perform one step of the whole.”
pattern: intervention
online banking“[For mobile deposit], she logs in, then selects mobile deposit. And, I do the rest and give her the phone back.”
29 26
.5
jasmine & dhanvi
“It is very irritating to have to interrupt someone to ask them to help me perform one step of the whole.”
pattern: intervention
http://hostseason.com/good-idea-for-your-floor-plans-for-a-house/floor-plans-for-a-square-house/#image-1
reading floor plans with “HusbandOver”
“[There should be a] technology for spouses that will help them learn to cope with frustration.”
31 37
8
robin & ben
“It is very irritating to have to interrupt someone to ask them to help me perform one step of the whole.”
pattern: intervention
filling out forms
32 63
8
butterfly & henri
“[PDF]’s are my number one frustration”
preparation vs. intervention
“natural” collaboration can be planned for
supports learning tasks “I can do”
“stuck,” “frustrated” unpredictable, “emergency” does not support learning tasks “I can’t do”
preparation vs. intervention
“natural” collaboration can be planned for
supports learning tasks “I can do”
“stuck,” “frustrated” unpredictable, “emergency” does not support learning tasks “I can’t do”
“In some cases, the social solution––as opposed to a technical solution––is not only as adequate, it can sometimes be better. It can be more enjoyable to do something socially.”
36 32
8
parsa & ava
takeawaysaccessibility is collaborative
preparation now enables independence later
intervention is needed but causes frustration
design for social and mixed-ability contexts
future work
independence in
future work
independence inter
thanks
Shaun Kane University of Colorado Boulder [email protected] @shaunkane superhuman.cs.colorado.edu
Stacy Branham University of Maryland Baltimore County
[email protected] @branhammertime stacybranham.com
NSF (IIS-1353312)our participants
findings
oven mittsorganization
http://www.styleathome.com/img/photos/biz/Style%20at%20Home/organized-bath-shower-caddy.jpg
assistive tech in the home was quite low-tech