chicago architecture. frank lloyd wright, louis sullivan, and the chicago fire
DESCRIPTION
Website: www.windycitystyle.weebly.com Youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=7bni68yFG8c#t=0 Detailed information on Chicago Architecture designed in an intuitive way. Frank Lloyd Wright and Louis Sullivan were the major focuses and I even made a video on Frank Lloyd Wright. My website is www.uncoveringsuperman.com and www.Zodhi.comTRANSCRIPT
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How it became the nations architectural image
CHICAGO STYLE ARCHITECTURE
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THE GREAT CITY OF CHICAGO
Chicago was a booming city, a huge metropolitan area, and the second most populace city in the United States.
Before 1871
Its architecture strongly resembled the “European Style”. There wasn’t really a “ American Style” of architecture.
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THE GREAT CHICAGO FIRE OCTOBER 8-10 1871
Destroying 18,000 buildings , killing nearly 300 people, and leaving 100,000 homeless.
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DAMAGE
The "Burnt District," nearly four miles long and almost a mile wide, included most of the central business district and many residential areas
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CHICAGO RISES FROM THE ASHES
Reconstruction began almost instantly after the fire. Giving the city a chance to start again. Between 1872 and 1879 more than ten thousand construction permits were issued. With reconstruction came the need for architects, and many responded.
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.
CHICAGO SCHOOL1875-1910 response to the Chicago fire.
The school focused on mainly commercial buildings
Used modern technology to replace
load-bearing walls with steal frame construction
Also known for the modern skyscraper, as well as the
Chicago window
Concepts regarding light and space, as well as emphasis
on height . “
Form Follows Function”
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William Le Baron Jenney
Louis Sullivan
Dankmar Adler
Frank Lloyd Wright
John Wellborn Root
Daniel Hudson Burnham
THE CHICAGO SCHOOL ARCHITECTS
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Steal Frame
Terra-cotta
Elevators
Tube System
Large plate glass
NEW TECHNOLOGY
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CHICAGO ARCHITECTURE
Beaux-Arts—a highly decorative style that copied the classical architecture of the Greeks and Romans
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How does this Radical Architecture break away from European traditions and create a “Modern Style” that is
uniquely American?
ESSENTIAL QUESTION
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Throughout the presentation ask yourself why architecture is more than just buildings? THINK DEEP
Try to witness how every part of a building serves its overall purpose, and how the buildings truly represent
the architects that created them?
How would changing the architecture of a city also change the society in the process?
GUIDING QUESTIONS
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LOUIS SULLIVAN
Form Follows Function
The father of the
skyscraper
Showed nature
through architectu
re
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ORNAMENTATION
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ADLER AND SULLIVAN BUILDINGS
Jewelers building 1881
Carson, Pirie, Scott and Co 1898
Auditorium Building (1886-1890)
James Charnley House 1892
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Overall Emotion
DetailsPurpose
FRANK LLOYD
Org
an
ic
original
UNIQUE
Prairie Style
Rad
icalInteresting
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PRAIRIE STYLE
Usonian homes
Natural cooling and natural light
windows
Flat roofs, solar heating, and floor heating
Strong visual connection between the outside and the inside.
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Stripped away all exterior ornamentation.
More window then wall
Known also as the Second Chicago School
Concept: Less is more-Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Originated in Germany in 1930s. In Chicago it went from
the 1940s-1970s
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
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Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
(Illinois Institute of technology)
Fazlur Klan
(engineer, System of framed tubes)
INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL ARCHITECTS
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SYSTEM OF FRAMED TUBES
DeWitt Chestnut Apartment Building 1963
John Hancock Prairie Style 1969