1. 1. Present By: -Alce Kojong -Putriamarti Ayu Dwiningsih -Veronica Steviani Pelapu -Victorya Theodora Judia Bambung CHICKEN POX
2. 2. What is Chicken Pox? Chickenpox (varicella) is a common illness that causes an itchy rash and red spots or blisters (pox) all over the body. It is most common in children. But most people will get chickenpox at some point in their lives if they haven't had the chickenpox vaccine.
3. 3. Who is potential to have the Chicken Pox? PregnantWomen NewBorns Teens Adults People who have immune system problems
4. 4. SYMPTOMS
5. 5. DIAGNOSIS OF CHICKEN POX Both chickenpox (varicella) and shingles (zoster) can usually be diagnosed by symptoms alone. If a diagnosis is still unclear after a physical examination, diagnostic tests may be required. a) Ruling out Other Disorders b) Test to Identify the Virus
6. 6. Rulingout Other Disorders Either variation of the virus may be confused with other disorders. Ruling out Disorders that Resemble Chickenpox. Chickenpox, particularly in early stages, may be confused with herpes simplex (the disorder more commonly referred to as "herpes"), or impetigo, insect bites, and scabies. Ruling out Disorders that Resemble Shingles. The early prodrome stage of shingles can cause severe pain on one side of the lower back, chest, or abdomen before the rash appears. It therefore may be mistaken for disorders, such as gallstones, that cause acute pain in internal organs. In the active rash stage, shingles may be confused with herpes simplex, particularly in young adults, if the blisters occur on the buttocks or around the mouth. Herpes simplex, however, does not usually generate chronic
7. 7. Test to Identify the Virus In most cases of chickenpox and shingles, the symptoms alone are enough for a health care provider to make a diagnosis. If the symptoms are not straightforward in some patients, such as those who are immunosuppressed, the doctor performs one or more additional tests to detect the virus itself. The tests usually aim to distinguish between varicella-zoster and herpes simplex viruses. Virus Culture Immunofluorescence Assay Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
8. 8. TREATMENT OF CHICKEN POX Painkillers Keeping hydrated Stop the scratching Cool clothing Stronger treatments Immunoglobulin treatment New Treatment
9. 9. * PAIN KILLERS If your child is in pain or has a high temperature (fever), you can give them a mild painkiller, such as paracetamol (available over-the-counter in pharmacies). Always read the manufacturer's dosage instructions. * KEEPING HYDRATED It is important for children (and adults) with chickenpox to drink plenty of water to avoid dehydration. Sugar-free ice-lollies are a good way of getting fluids into children. They also help to soothe a sore mouth that has chickenpox spots in it. Avoid any food that may make the mouth sore, such as salty foods.
10. 10. * STOP THE SCRATCHING Chickenpox can be incredibly itchy, but it's important for children (and adults) to not scratch the spots so as to avoid future scarring. - Keep fingernails clean and short. - Put socks over your child's hands at night - If your child's skin is very itchy or sore, try using calamine lotion or cooling gels. - A stronger medicine called chlorphenamine can also help to relieve the itching. * COOL CLOTHING If your child has a fever, or if their skin is sore and aggravated, dress them appropriately so that they don't get too hot or too cold. If your child has chickenpox, avoid sponging them down with cool water.
11. 11. *ANTIVIRAL MEDICINE Aciclovir is an antiviral medicine that is sometimes given to people with chickenpox. Aciclovir may be prescribed to:pregnant women adults, if they visit their GP within 24 hours of the rash appearing newborn babies people with a weakened immune system (the bodys defence system) It does not cure chickenpox, but it makes the symptoms less severe. You normally need to take the medicine as tablets five times a day for seven days. * IMMUNOGLOBULIN TREATMENT Immunoglobulin is a solution of antibodies that is taken from healthy donors. Varicella-zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) contains antibodies to the chickenpox virus. Immunoglobulin treatment is given by drip. It is not used to treat chickenpox but to protect people who are at high risk of developing a severe chickenpox infection. This includes: pregnant women newborn babies people with weakened immune systems
12. 12. New treatment Treatment of chicken pox is designed to relieve itching or pain and prevent impetigo. Young children's nails should be cleaned thoroughly and shortened. Benadryl liquid, an oral antihistamine, and topical Calamine lotion or clear Caladryl, may be used to relieve itching. Three oatmeal based products by Aveeno may be used to relieve itching as well--bath powder, cream and anti-itch lotion. Aspirin must NOT be used in children with varicella because of its association with Reye Syndrome--a severe post-varicella neurologic condition. Some authorities also recommend avoiding ibuprofen since its association with Reye Syndrome is unknown. Acetaminophen may be used, if necessary, to relieve pain or irritability. (Check with your doctor regarding the appropriate dose for your child.) One study
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