child rights to survival, growth & development esaro
TRANSCRIPT
Child rights to survival, growth &
development
ESARO
Communication Strategy for Implementing Community IMCI
Neil Ford
Regional Adviser, Programme Communication
Eastern & Southern Africa Regional Office
RBM Communication Working Group
Geneva, Sept 4th and 5th, 2003
Child rights to survival, growth &
development
Communication Strategy for Implementing Community IMCI
•Communication from a human rights perspective activates community members to take control of their own development.
•Most current communication strategies deliver information through campaigns. In this approach, community members are passive recipients of messages.
•Three shifts are required to implement communication strategies from a human rights perspective:
The Principles:
Shift One: From messages to dialogue.
Shift Two: From problems to appreciation.
Shift Three: From expert solutions to community
solutions.
The Process:
Step One: Give a voice to the voiceless
Step Two: Facilitate community dialogue that leads to community action plans.
Step Three: Build channels of communication between communities & governments or agencies, so that community plans are supported with policies and service delivery programmes.
Multiple Entry points
Start with existing work in one sector (such asmalaria or nutrition) then expand to to other sectors,integrating sectors as the programme expands.
Applying Communication Principles &Process to c-IMCI
Applying Communication Principles &Process to c-IMCI
Multiple Communication Techniques:
Start with participatory processes that you know(such as PHAST) then integrate elements of otherparticipatory techniques such as PRA orAppreciative Inquiry.
Child Rights to survival, growth & development
Prevention & treatment of respiratory diseases
Prevention & treatment of Malaria
Pre-natal care and safe delivery of new borns
Prevention of HIV. Care & support for people infected & affected by AIDS
Improved Nutrition
Immunization against vaccine-preventable diseases
Psycho-social development
Treatment & Management of Diarrhoea
Train facilitators in participatory communication
Begin a community engagement. Determine an entry point and participatory technique
Identify vulnerable groups and give them a voice in the engagement
Create a positive vision for child development
Produce an action plan to realize the vision-resolve conflicts-integrate new tech. info. into the planProduce mass
media messages and materials to support the plan
Community management committee as part of overall mgt. structure
CB-MIS integrated into programme monitoring
Participatory evaluation as part of overall program evaluation
Community Engagement Techniques -"basket" of current methodologies
• Participatory Rural Appraisal / Participatory Learning and Action
• Community Dialogue• Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation
Techniques• Community-based management of
information systems
Communication at scale• identify all possible groups of facilitators• encourage “horizontal” sharing of the
communication strategy between communities.
• refine the engagement process so that it is effective as possible.
• identify common aspects of community action plans and support them with appropriate mass media campaigns.
Example: Communication for Malaria in Mozambique
• Focus on the use of participatory tools to encourage Community Capacity Development (CCD)
Zambézia Province A CCD strategy to facilitate community
Assessment, Analysis and Action
Service delivery ITNs in rural areas community-based distribution system for
the First Line Drug for malaria treatment
Community Capacity Development
• Establishment of representative community councils to provide responsibility, motivation, leadership, authority and to manage resources
• Use of picture based participatory tools to facilitate communication, decision-making and learning
Development
• Development of Mozambique specific tools and associated training package:
– communication– hygiene and sanitation– malaria– nutrition
Participatory Malaria Toolkit• Sad/happy child: rights violations, duty bearers
etc• Nurse Felicidade: health priorities • Malaria Child: signs/symptoms; risk groups• Pocket Chart: treatment-seeking behaviours -
duty bearers, capacity gaps, priority actions • Community Mapping: monitoring and planning
tool • Blocking the Routes: routes of malaria
transmission and how to block them
Supportive communication
• Social marketing communication including: – radio spots– malaria dramas– posters, wall painting etc, especially in
urban areas
Emergency / post-emergency
• Gaza: Malaria Participatory tools used in support of the distribution of ITNs to flood affected families, reaching > 250,000 people in 3 months
Emergency / post-emergency
• 100 NGO mobilisers trained in participatory methodologies
• Activists working in teams of 10 visit one community a day
• ITNs distributed at end of participatory session
• 200,000 ITNS distributed in 3 months• 250,000 people join in participatory sessions• Net retreatment rates >96%
Some measurable impacts: GazaI mpact of participatory approaches on individual behaviours f or malaria prevention
1 year
post distribu
tion
% of respondents still possessing the net 98
% on nets in good condition 94
% of respondents sleeping under the net every night
95
% of respondents saying children sleep under the net either alone or with both parents
89
Some measurable impacts: GazaImpact of participatory approaches on knowledge about malaria prevention
Baseline 1 year post
distribution
% of respondents citing mosquitoes as a means of transmission of malaria
30 91
% of respondents identifying children as an at risk group
- 87
% of respondents identifying pregnant women as an at risk group
0 58
% of respondents saying its possible to protect oneself against malaria using an I TN
1 93