china in the 20 th century empires to communists to modernization
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CHINA IN THE 20TH CENTURY
Empires to Communists to modernization
Quin (Chinese Dynasties)
China united under Shi Huangdi
United all the territories of China
Built the great wall
Empires
The Last Emporer
Puyi
Abdicated the Throne in 1912
China becomes a republic
Republic of China
National People’s Party –Kuomintang
Dr. Sun Yat-Sen
Unite China under a democracy
Moving in a new direction
Dr. Sun dies in 1925
Jiang Jie Shi takes over republic
Eliminate opposition parties, especially the Chinese
Communist’s in China Led by a man named
Mao Zedong
Wanted to assume political power in China
Opposed the National People’s Party during the Civil War
Mao Zedong
“Every communist must grasp the truth, political power grows out of the barrel of a gun.”
Born in 1893
Joined the revolutionary army 1911
More Mao
Became a Marxist at Beijing University
Co-founded the Chinese Communist Party in 1921
Beliefs
Believed China was an agricultural society
Peasants would bring about revolution
Established the Chinse Soviet Republic in Southern Kiangsi province
Campaign against Commies
1927
Attacks in Shanghai against Communists
330,000 people killed through 1920’s
Support of the peasants
Mao had the support of the peasants
Jiang seeking enrichment
The Long March
1934
Communist Retreat
A series of marches, not just one
China during the Second World War
Kuomintang and the Communists united to fight the Japanese
Paused the civil war in order to combat Japanese
Civil War Part II
1946 – 1949
Kuomintang troops pushed back to Taiwan
Mao Zedong claims victory in China
The West
Only recognized The Nationalist government of the Republic of China in Taiwan
Jiang still claimed sovereignty over China
China today still claims Taiwan is not independent
China and Tibet
1949
Invasion of Tibet
Dalai Lama had to sign treaty
Dalai Lama
China under Mao
China supported North Korea during the Korean War
1950-1953
China lost more than a million soldiers
Strength from within
Ministry of Public Security
Denunciations, arrests, confessions, punishments
Propaganda campaign
Media subjected to censorship
Children taught to love Mao
Children studied Mao’s writings
Great Leap Forward
1958
Expand and Modernize industry
Iron and steel plants constructed
Agriculture suffered
Fields left to rot
Agricultural output decrease
Ended in famine and economic chaos
Mao retires
1959
Mao retires as the official leader of the Communist Party
Continued to influence policy as Chairperson of the Communist Party