chondrocrania of physlaemus larvae and their relatives
DESCRIPTION
This was my oral presentation at the 9th International Congress of Vertebrate MorphologyTRANSCRIPT
CHONDROCRANIUM FEATURES OF FROG LARVAE OF THE GENUS PHYSALAEMUS
(Anura: Leiuperidae) AND THEIR RELATIVES
Diogo B. ProveteUNESP-São Paulo, Brazil
Punta del EsteJuly 2010
Introduction
The Family Leiuperidae– Phylogenetic position, relationships, diagnosis
Grant et al. 2006
Grant et al. 2006
Introduction
The genus Physalaemus and other related genera– Eupemphix, Engystomops– Pleurodema, Pseudopaludicola, Edalorhina, Somuncuria
McDiarmid & Altig, 1999
Engystomops
Physalaemus
Pseudopaludicola
Edalorhina
Pleurodema
Eupemphix
Aim
To make a character survey concerning chondrocrania of Physalaemus larvae in a way that allows it to be further
included in the diagnosis of the genus
Material and Methods
• Species analyzed: Physalaemus jordanensis, P. olfersii, P. latestriga, P. barrioi, P. cuvieri, P. centralis, P. marmoratus, P. moreirae, P. henseli, P. riograndensis, P. atlanticus, P. gracilis, Eupemphix nattereri, Pseudopaludicola sp. (aff. falcipes)
• Data from the literature: Physalaemus fernandezae, P. santafecinus, P. cuqui, P. biligonigerus, Pleurodema tucumana, P. borellii
• Clear and stained following Taylor & Van Dyke (1985)
• Material anayzed: DZSJRP-Tadpoles, CFBH
Results
P. santafecinus P. fernandezae
Vera Candioti, 2007 Alcalde et al. , 2006
Results
Fabrezi & Vera, 1997
P. cuqui P. biligonigerus
Results
Fabrezi & Vera, 1997
P. tucumana P. borelli
Results
P. moreirae
Results
P. barrioi
Results
P. jordanensis
Results
P. centralis
Results
P. marmoratus
Results
P. olfersii
Results
P. centralis
Results
E. nattereri
Discussion
• General features of chondrocranium of Physalaemus:
– (1) suprarostral bearing a V- or U-shaped corpora, which is dorsally connected to the alae, the alae always bear a precessus anterioris;
– (2) basihyal absent; – (3) basibranchial with short processus urobranchial; – (4) processus anterior branchialis absent;– (5) cornua trabeculae long and uniformily wide.– (6) The neurocranium usually longer than wide and depressed.
Discussion
• General features of chondrocranium of Engystomops and Pleurodema:
– the corpus of the suprarostral is fused ventrally to the alae;
– The processus branchialis is only common in Pleurodema
• In Eupemphix larvae, this character is similar to the Physalaemus condition.
Discussion
• Comparison among leiuperid tadpoles
• Comparison with Leptodactylus
• Less variation => all pond-type tadpoles, differently from Leptodactylus
Larson & De Sá, 1998
Leptodactylus
Carnivorous (e.g., L. pentadactylus)
Lentic-benthic (e.g., L. fuscus)
Nidicolous (e.g., L. gr. marmoratus)
Semiterrestrial
Physalaemus
Lentic-benthic
Conclusion
• Its utility in phylogenetic reconstruction => among genera and families
• Leiuperidae=> chondrocranium => morphological synapomorphy
Acknowledgements
• Lilian Franco Belussi => photos, along with continuous support and suggestions
• Denise de C. Rossa-Feres => chemicals, work space, and access to collection
Grant # 011/2010