NHM 10

I GII THIU TNG QUANGii php chng thm cho cng trnh phi c thit k cn thn v phi thi cng ph hp vi giai on cn thit. Phi xem xt chng thm l khu tng th gn b mt thit t thit k, thi cng , vt liu cho n khu khai thc s dng cng trnh.. Mi khu gn vi nhau thnh mt th thng nht. Thi cng chng thm cn c cn b, k s c phn cng chuyn trch theo di v n c . Vic kim tra cht lng chng thm phi c thit k v thng qua ch nhim d n. H s khi hon thnh tng bc trong thi cng chng thm cng nh ch to vt liu , thu mua vt liu cn ghi chp v thu lm y v lu tr cn thn.

II NI DUNG CHNHMT S PHNG PHP CHNG THM.THI CNG CHNG THM PHN NGMTHI CNG CHNG THM MI NHTHI CNG CHNG THM NH TM , V SINHTHI CNG CHNG THM CNG TRNH C BIT

1 . MT S PHNG PHP CHNG THM- Phng php chng thm t thn ca BTCT.- Phng n dngmngchng thmcopernit .- Phng n dng mng t dnh .- Phng n dng ha chtchng thm .

PHNG PHP CHNG THM T THN CA BTCT

Nng cao kh nng chng thm ca b tng tng hm bng vic s dng ph gia khong hot tnh siu mn khng ch chng thm hu hiu cho phn ngm ca cng trnh m cn bo v cho thp ct khi b g v m bo bn lu ca cng trnh. Cho n nay, cc nh kt cu thng ch nh cng chu nn ti thiu ca b tng tui 28 ngy m khng quan tm n cc tnh cht khc ca b tng.

Trong khi , bn lu ca b tng li ph thuc rt nhiu vo rng v phn b l rng theo ng knh. Ph gia khong hot tnh microsilica nh silicafume hoc tro tru khi c a vo thnh phn b tng s lm gim ng k tng rng v t bit l l rng mao dn (cc l rng c ng knh ln hn 10-4mm). t c iu ny, thnh phn b tng chng thm cn c thit k bi c quan thit k chuyn ngnh.

Sikament R4 + Plastocrete NPhng n dngmngchng thmcopernit - V sinhton b b mt cnchng thm.- B mt phi cng, sch, kh v khng cn dnh va yu, du m hoc cc tp cht khc .- i vi cc c ng nc, dng ging chng n qun xung quanh cc c ng sau dng va khng co ngt xung quanh.- Kh nng b mt thi cng v dng n kh kh mngchng thmnng chy bm cht vo b mt sn btng v chn tng bao quanh.- Bin chng m gia mi ln tip gip l 50mm .

Phng n dng mng t dnh B mt phi cng, sch, kh v khng cn dnh va yu, du m hoc cc tp cht khc . - tng cng bm dnh cho tm tri trc khi dn mng, nn ln 01 lp sn lt bitum gc dung mi Polyprime SB qut ln trn ton b b mt thi cng. - nh mc qut t 0,3 0,4 Lt/m2- Cng tc dn mng c thc hin khi lp sn lt kh. - Tri cun mngt dnhtheong chiu di yu cu, sau ct mng theo kch thc mong mun.- t tm mng va ct ln khu vc chun b dn, kim tra chun kht ca n.- Bc b lp mng Silicon v cn thn dnmng chng thmsao cho din tch chng m ti thiu l 50mm, sau dn mng t gia ra hai mp y ht khng kh bn di mng ra ngoi.- Lng mt lp va xi mng ct ln trn lpmng chng thmngay sau khi thi cng xong bo v mng v hon tr mt bng.

Phng n dng ha chtchng thm - Ha cht s dng l Sika, Kova, hay Cornmix- Trn ha cht vi xi mng theot lca nh sn xut- Tin hnh qut 02 lp chng thm, lp th nht cch lp th hai t 2 n 4 gi- Thi cng t nht l 2 lp.- Hon tr mt bng sau khi thi cng.

Sikadur 42VN - VNSika Latex TH

Chun b v lm b mt b tng, dng ba nh ty tp cht. Dng chi st ch sch b mt,qut thi v ht sch bi. kh b mt trc khi phun cht chng thm.X l phun dung dch chng thm ln b mt b tng bng bnh phun.Sau khi x l, thy kh,tin hnh phun nc sch bo dng b tng trong 2-3 ngy.Sau khi xong bc 3, bm nc ngm ton b b mt x l ti thiu 12 gi kim tra kt qu.Sau c th trn hoc hon thin nh cn va, lt gch...THI CNG CHNG THM PHN NGM

Trong nh cao tng, do kch thc ln, mng kh su v u c tng di t, nhiu nh cn c 3-4 tng di t, v th cht lng chng thm ca cc tng di t cc k quan trng. Khi thi cng cc cng trnh ngm, cc tng hm th cng on x l chng thm rt quan trng v cng on ny gp phn khng nh quyt nh ti tui th kt cu, tnh bn vng ca cng trnh, tnh bn vng ca cng trnh.Ngoi ra trong nh cao tng, tm tng ngoi c sn c ng dng rt rng ri v cht lng chng thm mi ni cc tm tng ngoi cng rt ng quan tm. Trong cc khch sn, nh hng, khch sn cao tng, nhiu ni b tr vn hoa, b bi, b nc trn nc nh, do cng lm tng mc kh khn cho thi cng chng thm ca nhng b phn cng trnh ln rt nhiu.

CHUN B IU KIN THI CNG CHNG THMVa xi mng c trt bng phng, nh bng khng c khuyt tt ni ct hoc bong vaB mt cn bn phi kh ro, lng ngm nc tt nht phi nh hn 9%.Ch lin kt gc vi cc b phn khc phi trt thnh gc vung ng u v bng nhn.Trng hp sp ma, ang ma hoc sau cn ma khi cn cha kh ro th khng nn thi cng dn cun polime chng thm.

S liu bng 1 cho thy cp chng thm cng cao khi chiu dy lp b tng kt cu cng nh, hoc chiu cao mc nc ngm cng ln. Do vy trong qu trnh thit k cn la chn cp chng thm ph hp vi thc t cng trnh. Trong nhng trng hp t s H/d qu ln v vic nng cao cp chng thm ca b tng khng hiu qu th c th s dng cc lp chng thm b sung pha ngoi kt cu BTCT. Ngoi ra, do cc yu cu v an ton, tnh kinh t trong cc gii php chng thm, cn xt n cc lp chng thm b sung

Ghi ch: H - Chiu cao mc nc ngm; d - Chiu dy kt cu BTCT.

THI CNG MNG CHNG THM COPERNIT

GIA C GC BNG MNG T DNH PRIMER

CHNG THM TI CC MI NI- Ti cc v tr ni t ctthpbnh thng c thm cc thanh thp ni (joint bars) lin kt ngm gia cc t hm.- Gia cc lin ktthi cngc cc tm ngn nc (water stop) c t gia cc khib tng.- Vt liuchng thmmi ni l Sika Flexconstruction, ton b mt hm cchng thm nhchng thmmt cu.

KIM TRA V NGIM THU CHT LNGCh tiu tnh nng k thut cn ph hp vi tiu chun quy nh hoc thit k km theo bo co kim nghim vt l ly mu ti hin trng hoc cc vn kin c lin quan n thuyt minh cht lng vt liu. Tng b dy ca mng trt khng nn nh hn 1,5mm.Mng trt khng c hnh thnh cc khuyt tt nh t gy, vt ct, bong trc hoc khng knMn trt phi c rn chc, ng u, khng c rnh lm, bt kh v hin tng thm nc.* GHI CH: CC BN C TH XEM THM TIU CHUN VIT NAM TCVN 5718 : 1993.

BO H V CNG TC AN TON- Bo h: Cn kim tra tng chng thm thi cng mt cch nghim khc, khng cho php cc nhn vin khc i vo hin trng thi cng phng lm h hng tng chng thm. Nhn vin thi cng phi tun theo cc bc thao tc tin hnh thi cng phng nghim ngt lm h hng hoc vy bn cc mt tng thi cngAn ton: Vt liu dng cho thi cng phi bao gi vo thng st, phi c bt kn, khng c php trn lu kho. Vt liu dng cho thi cng chng thm c lng c t nht nh cho nn kho vt liu cn c thng thong. Vt liu thi cng phn ln thuc loi d chy cho nn hin trng thi cng phi nghim cm la v chun b trc thit b cu ha. My mc, dng c thi cng dng sau mi ln phi kp thi dng du thien. V cc dung dch hu c lau ra cn thn.

CHNG THM PHN MIChun b b mtTt c b tng yu v khng c chc phi b loi b bng cc phng tin c hc v sa cha to b mt bng phng.B tng phi c lm sch v khng bm bi, du nht hoc cc thnh phn bong trc khc v phi kh trc khi thi cng lp chng thmSikaproof Membrane.Sn mi b tng hin hu s c thi cng lp va chng thm phi c cng khng di 25 Mpa.

Sn mi v ng mngSn mi v ng mng nn dc u vi dc ti thiu l 1:100. Nu lp to dc c thc hin sau khi b tng, nn s dng va xi mng c trn theo t l 1 phn xi mng v 3 phn ct th (bng khi lng) v 1 phn nc v 3 phnSika Latex t c b mt u vi b dy ti thiu l 15 mm v b dy ti a cho mi lp thi cng l 40 mm, thi cng tng lp.

Cu to chng thm sn

3 : THI CNG CHNG THM NH TM , V SINHNhng khu vc thng xuyn tip xc vi ngun nc nh cc khu v sinh, phng xng hi th nguy c xy ra thm l rt cao. Do bin php ti u khc phc tnh trng ny l nn x l chng thm trc khi hon thin.

TRNH T THI CNG GC TNG NH TM

B mt chng thm phi bng phng, v sinh sch sSn y to dc 1.5 - 2 Qut 2 lp smartlex ln tng v snQut 2 lp smartlex ln lp gia c gcCn va bo v , dn gch bng va chuyn dng ln ton b lp chng thm trong 48 gi

Gia c 1 lp li joint tape / polyeste ngay gc chn tng v sn

Sn BTCT cn va dc 1.5 -2.H thng chng thm : SMARTLEX.Va bo v hoc va dn gch.Gch hon thin .Li gia c Polyeste.Lp smartlex ph ln lp gia c chn tng .CHNG THM CHO CNG TRNH C BIT

VN HOA TRN MI( SN THNG)Bn l ngi c t chn n nhiu nc trn th gii. i khi, bn phi ng ngng khi thy nhng mi nh y cy c, hoa l Gi y, bn khng cn phi i nc ngoi c chim ngng na. Nu bn mun, n s hin din ngay trong khun vin nh bnQUY TRNH THI CNG VN HOA TRN MI

THI CNG CHNG THM H BI

CC BC THI CNG CHNG THM CNG TRNH C BITYu cu x l i vi tng nn: phi l kt cu btng ct thp ton khi ti ch, b mt chng cn phi trt va ximng lng bng.ng dn nc vo v ming x nc cn phi c lp t chc chn.Trc khi thi cng chng thm b mt hon ton c trng bc khng c ngm nc v phi qut lau ht bi bm v rc bn.Mt s cc bc chng thm khc c thi cng tng t nh trnh by trn.

MT CT CU TO CHNG THM H BI

CNG TRNH THC T

CM N THY V CC BN THEO DI