Chordate Phylum

Animal kingdom

Subphylum Vertebrata

Jawless Fish

Cartilaginous Fish

Bony Fish

AmphibiansBirds

Mammals

Reptiles

Class AvesBirds

Biology 1

Power of Flight “ birds occupy a greater range of habitats than

any other class of organism, plant or animal”

The Power of Flight

• Birds-- “The most successful terrestrial vertebrates on earth”

Birds AKA-The Great Flying Machines

Adaptations for Flying

• Skeletal system (hollow bones, thin skull)• Integument -- Feathers• Respiratory System -- Air sacs

“supercharged” lungs • Excretory System -- no urinary bladder• Reproduction -- no live young • Digestive System -- gizzard eliminates the

need for jaws

Skeletal System

• Hollow bones-light but strong!

• Thin skull

Skeletal System

Feathers

• Contour feathers --used for flight– “networked design”

• Down feathers--used for warmth

Respiratory Systems

• Air sacs provide air movement through lungs

Air Sacs

Circulatory System

• 4 Chambered Heart

• Large heart size compared to body size

(40 to 100% larger than mammals the same size)

• Rapid heartbeat-- hummingbirds = 1000 beats/ minute

Hummingbirds

• 15-80 wing flaps in 1 second

• Courtship wind flaps go up to 200/ second (depending on species)

• 2,500-12,000 times per minute

4 Chambered Heart

Bird Blood Circulation

Digestive System

• Gizzard removes the need for jaw bones

• Rapid digestive system for extremely high energy needs

Reproductive System

• No live young

• Do not store eggs

Excretory System

• No urinary bladder

Adaptations for FlyingSummary

• Skeletal system (hollow bones, thin skull)

• Integument -- Feathers

• Respiratory System -- Air sacs “supercharged” lungs

• Excretory System -- no urinary bladder

• Reproduction -- no live young

• Digestive System -- gizzard eliminates the need for jaws

• Circulatory system – large heart, rapid beat..

Classification • Only members of the bird class have feathers

Common Birds of Sioux Falls

7th grade biology

American Robin

European Starling

Mallard Duck

Canada Goose

Black-capped Chickadee

House Sparrow

American Crow

Common Grackle

Crow vs. Grackle

Song Sparrow

Downy Woodpecker

Blue-Winged Teal

Northern Shoveler

Blue-winged teal

Northern Shoveler

Wood Duck

Northern Flicker

Great Blue Heron

Blue Jay

Cardinal

Bonus: Yellow-rumped Warbler

Common Birds of Sioux Falls

7th grade biology