chp 1 – introduction to computer section 1-3. a world of computers what is computer literacy...
TRANSCRIPT
Chp 1 – Introduction to Computer
Section 1-3
A World of Computers
What is computer literacy (digital literacy)?
p. 4-5 Fig. 1-1 Next
Current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses
What is a Computer?•An electronic device, operating under the
control of instructions stored in its own memory.
Produces and stores results
Processes data into informationConveys meaning and isuseful to people
Accepts dataCollection of unprocessed items
What is the Information Processing Cycle?
•Input•Process•Output•Storage Activities
The Component of a Computer
•Hardware is the electric, electronic, and mechanical components
•The components includes:▫Input devices▫Output devices▫System unit▫Storage device▫Communication devices
Input Devices
• Hardware use to enter data and instruction into a computer
Five widely used Input Devices are:
▫Keyboard (contains keys you press to enter data into a computer)
▫Mouse (allows you to control movement of the pointer and make selection)
▫Microphone (allows you to speak into the computer)
▫Web cam (digital video camera that allow you to create movies or take pictures and store them on the computer.)
▫Scanner (converts printed material into a form the computer can use)
Output Devices
•Any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.
Three Commonly Used Output Devices
▫Printer (produce text and graphics on a physical medium, paper)
▫Monitor (displays text, graphics and videos on a screen)
▫Speaker (allow you to hear music, voice and other audio-sound)
System Unit
•A case that contain the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data▫Circuitry of the system unit is part of or is
connected to a circuit board called the motherboard
What are two main components on the motherboard?
ProcessorAlso called a Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer
MemoryConsists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions
Storage
•Hold data, instructions and information for future use.▫Storage Media - where computer keeps
data, instruction and information▫Storage Device – records (writes) and/or
retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media
Examples of Storage Media
•USB flash drive ▫portable storage device▫Small and lightweight ▫Can hold four billion characters
•Hard Disk▫Holds more that 320 billion characters ▫Enclosed in an airtight, sealed case▫Two types (portable and house inside the
system unit)
Examples of Storage Media
• Optical Disc – flat, round, portable metal disc with a plastic coating▫ Three types of Optical Disc
CD’s – holds from 650 million to 1 billion character
DVD – can store two full length movies or 17 billion characters
Blue Ray Discs – 46 hours of standard video, 100 billion characters
Examples of Storage Media
• Memory Cards – used in mobile devices such as digital cameras
Communication Devices
•Enables a computer to send and receive data, instruction and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
•Most widely use communication device-Modem
•Occurs over cable, telephone lines, cellular radio networks, satellites, and other transmission media
Advantages of Using Computer
Storage Communications
Speed Reliability Consistency
Disadvantages of Using Computers
•Health Risks▫Computer Addiction▫Technology Overload
•Violation of Privacy•Public Safety •Impact on Labor Force•Impact on Environment
Some Solutions
• Green Computing – reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer
•Recycling, regulating manufacturing process, properly disposing of replaced components, extending the life of computers
Network
•Collection of computer and devices connected to together via communication devices and transmission media
•Allow the computer to share resources•Save time and money•World largest computer Network -
Internet
Network and Internet
• A server controls access to resources on a network
• Clients, or workstations, request resources from the server
What is a server?
Internet
•Worldwide collection of network that connects million of business, government agencies, education institution and individual
•The Web is the most popular service on the Internet
Networks and the Internet
What is the Web?
p. 12 - 14
Billions of documents, called Web pages, available to anyone connected to the Internet
A Web site is a collection of
related Web pages
A Web site is a collection of
related Web pages
A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, video, and links to
other Web pages
A Web page contains text, graphics, audio, video, and links to
other Web pages
You can share information on a social
networking Web site or a photo sharing
community
You can share information on a social
networking Web site or a photo sharing
community
A blog consists of time-stamped articles in
a journal format
A blog consists of time-stamped articles in
a journal format
A podcast is recorded audio
stored on a Web sitethat can be
downloaded
A podcast is recorded audio
stored on a Web sitethat can be
downloaded
Websites
•Social Networking Web sites – encourage members to share their interest, ideas, stories with other register users
•Web Application – allows user to access and interact with software from any computer or device connect to the Internet
Software Development
• Programmer (computer programmer or developer)▫ Someone who develops software or
writes the instruction that directs the computer to process data into information
▫ Popular programmer languages C++, Java, Javascript, Visual C#
and Visual Basics
JavaScript
Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computer
what to do and how to do it
Consists of a seriesof instructions thattells the computer
what to do and how to do it
Computer Software
What is software?
p. 15
Also called aprogram
Also called aprogram
Computer Software
What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?
p. 15 Fig. 1-10
Allows you to interact with the software using text, graphics, and visual images such as icons
Controls how you enter data and instructions and how the screen displays information
Computer Software
What is system software?
p. 15-16
Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices
Operating System (OS)is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices
Utility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs
Utility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs
Programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices
Computer Software
What is application software?
p. 16 Fig. 1-11
Presentation Graphics
Spreadsheet
Database
Word Processing
Programs designed to make users more productive
Categories of Computers
•Personal•Mobile Computers and Mobile Device•Game Consoles•Serves•Mainframes•Supercomputers•Embedded computers
Personal Computers
•Can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself
•Two Popular Architectures (makers) of Personal Computer▫PC (personal computer based on a IBM
company) Dell, Hp, and Toshia Window OS
▫Apple (Macintosh OS)
Two Types of Personal Computers
•Desktop•Notebook
Desktop Computers
•Fits entirely on or under the desk or table▫Can function as a server▫Target a specific audience
Gaming desktop Home theater
▫Workstation – powerful desktop computer Geared for work that requires intense
calculations and graphics capabilities