College of Biblical Studies-HoustonHouston, Texas

MS 407 Biblical WorldviewFall 2006

Professors: Dr. Voddie Baucham, Mr. Marvin McNeese, & Rev. Paul R. Shockley.

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BIBLICAL WORLDVIEWMS 407

Professors:Dr. Voddie T. Baucham, Jr., M.Div., D.Min.Mr. Marvin R. McNeese, M.A., M.P.A.Rev. Paul R. Shockley, M.A., Th.M.

A worldview is the sum total of an individual’s answers to the most vital questions in life. Whether we know it or not-whether we like or not-each of us have a worldview. In fact, If we consider ourselves Christian, we are supposed to think and act like Jesus Christ in daily living. However, because of the cultural impact of relativism, pluralism, multiculturalism, hedonism,

technology, and apathy, many Christians have compartmentalized their faith from society, church, and even themselves. As a result, a major shift and decline has occurred in our Western

culture.

I. Course Description:

This worldview course is an introduction to the nature, definition, importance, and content of the Christian world view in general in contrast to other worldview systems and their implications in particular (e.g., deism, naturalism, pantheism, postmodernism). This course will highlight the critical importance of thinking "worldviewishly" by giving special attention to the role of biblical, philosophical, psychological, religious, and sociological assumptions and their implications in the totality of life including the arts, family, entertainment, government, economics, social problems, etc.

Therefore, our objectives of this course will include:

1. Carefully formulating a well-rounded systematic and coherent biblical worldview that is holistic, relevant, and applicable to every day living.

2. Discerning competing economic and political systems and the consequences ideas have in society.

3. Comparing social systems to the Biblical view of God, man, morality, and society.

4. Critically evaluating economical, philosophical, and moral ideas and value judgments in fine arts and entertainment.

5. Effectively engaging society with a holistic Christian worldview in order to promote freedom from chaos and authoritarianism.

6. Cogently understanding and articulating the Christian principles that established our American society.

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7. Articulating personal convictions rooted in an understanding of concepts, presuppositions, philosophical bases and worldviews that have been examined in light of biblical principles.

II. Books:

A. REQUIRED:

1. Voddie Baucham, The Ever-Loving Truth: Can Faith Thrive in a Post-Christian Culture (Nashville: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2004).

2. Robert P. Lightner, Handbook on Evangelical Theology (Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1995).

3. Russell Kirk, The American Cause (Wilmington, DE.: ISI Books, 2002).

4. Dennis McCallum, The Death of Truth (Minneapolis: Bethany, 1996).

5. Workbook Study Guide which may be downloaded at www.prshockley.org. Look under the tab that states “College of

Biblical Studies.” Then scroll down until you see workbook. It is in MS Word.

B. RECOMMENDED:

1. Jay Budziszewski, What You Can’t Not Know (Dallas, Texas: Spence Publishing, 2003).

2. Norman Geisler, Baker’s Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics (Grand Rapids: Baker, 2000).

2. Josh McDowell, New Evidence That Demands a Verdict (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1999).

3. Francis A. Schaeffer, How Should We Then Live: The Rise and Decline of Western Thought and Culture (Wheaton: Crossway Books, 1984).

III. Schedule of Classes and Topics:

A. COMPONENTS OF WORLDVIEW THINKING:

Class # 1: Introduction to Biblical Worldview Thinking: What makes up a worldview?Sept. 7th

View of God;View of Reality;View of Truth;View of Knowledge;View of Humanity;View of Evil; and

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View of Ethics.

Class # 2: Formulating a Biblical Worldview: God and Reality:Schaeffer Video.

Sept. 14th

DUE: Chapter 1 of Russell Kirk’s, The American Cause, chapter 1 of Death of Truth, & Voddie Baucham’s, The Ever-Loving Truth, ix- 27 (preface and chapter 1).

Class# 3: Formulating a Biblical Worldview: Truth, Knowledge, and Humanity:

Sept. 21st Schaeffer video.

DUE: chapter 2 by Baucham, chapter 2 by Kirk, and chapter 2 of Death of Truth.

Class# 4: Formulating a Biblical Worldview: Evil and Ethics: Schaeffer Video:

Sept. 28thDUE: chapter 3 by Baucham, chapter 3 by Kirk, and chapter 3 of Death of Truth.

B. Part 2: Biblical Truth and Responsible Living: The Application of a Biblical Worldview:

Class # 5: Applying Biblical Worldview to Real Life Ethical Situations:Schaeffer video

Oct. 5thDUE: chapter 7 and 8 by Kirk, chapter 4 by Baucham, and chapter 4 of The Death of Truth.

Class # 6: Applying Biblical Worldview to the Family. Schaeffer video.Oct. 12th

DUE: chapter 5 by Baucham & chapter 5 of Death of Truth.

Class # 7: Applying Biblical Worldview to the Family (cont.). Schaeffer video.Oct. 19

DUE: chapter 6 by Baucham, and chapters 6, 8, and 9 of Death of Truth.

Class # 8: Applying Biblical Worldview to Law & Government. Schaeffer VideoOct 26th

DUE: chapters 4-6 of Kirk, chapter 7 by Baucham, and chapter 10 of Death of Truth

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Class# 9: Applying Biblical Worldview to Law & Government (continues). Schaeffer Video.

Nov. 2nd

DUE: chapter 8 by Baucham and chapters 9-10 by Kirk.

We welcome Guest Lecturer, Justice Tim Taft- Texas State Court of Appeals, Houston Texas:

1. Special Lecture: Original Intent of the Constitution of the U.S.2. Special Lecture: Potential Problems Facing the Christian Faith

Class# 10: Applying Biblical Worldview to Economics. Schaeffer Video.Nov. 9th

DUE: Chapter 9 of Baucham, and 11 of Death of Truth.

Class# 11: Applying Biblical Worldview to Economics (cont.). Schaeffer Video.Nov. 16th

DUE: Chapter 10 of Baucham and chapter 12 of Death of Truth.

Paul R. Shockley will be out of town.

THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY 23rd!!!

Class # 12: Applying Biblical Worldview to Aesthetics and Entertainment.Nov. 30th

DUE: Chapter 13 of Death of Truth.

*Class # 13: Applying Biblical Worldview to Aesthetics and Entertainment (cont.).Dec. 7th

DUE: Chapter 14 of Death of Truth.

ALL ASSIGNMENTS DUE:1. Final Term Paper2. Study Guide due.

Class # 14: Conclusion & Summary to Biblical Worldview Thinking.Dec. 14th

DUE: Chapter 15 of Death of Truth.

ALL ASSIGNMENTS WITH FINAL GRADE RETURNED.

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IV. Student Requirements and Course Grading:

A. Final Exam Term Paper (30%)

1. Your first paper assignment is to create a systematic & coherent formulation of your biblical worldview that includes the biblical concepts of God, truth, reality, knowledge, ethics, humanity, and evil. This paper will be part one of your final exam project. This paper is due on 7th class day. Your paper must be 7-10 pages long.

2. Your second paper is to relate your biblical worldview to essay questions that will be distributed on class # 7 regarding religion, government, economics, aesthetics, family, and entertainment. This paper is due on 13th class day. Your paper must be 7-10 pages long with a final draft of your first paper forming one final paper. You must address any concern we make in your first paper and make changes accordingly. You will then add your first draft to the beginning of your second paper, forming one final term paper project. Thus your final exam project will have two major parts:

1. Part I: What is your biblical worldview?2. Part II: The Application of your biblical worldview.

You will be graded on the basis of your thoughtful integration of biblical concepts into your worldview that governs your Christian response to particular societal issues that may impact your family, church, and society.

3. Each paper will be approximately 7-10 pages long specifically following format guidelines shown below with the final exam term paper being between 14-20 pages.

Format for Final Exam Term Paper:1. Double Space (no double space between paragraphs)

2. Plain cover sheet

3. 12 size font (new times or Romans only)

4. One inch margins on all four sides

5. Black and white print only (including charts)

6. page numbers top right side

7. Footnotes only

8. No spiral binding or folder; simply a staple

9. .5 tabs

10. Bibliography of at least 5 sources.

Additional writing tips are available on my website at www.prshockley.org

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You will be graded on the basis of quality of work, grammar and spelling, and format.

B. Study Guide (40%)

1. You must answer every study question from Robert P. Lightner’s book, Handbook on Evangelical Theology. See www.prshockley.org for a download of the study guide. This study guide is due at the beginning of 13th class day along with final paper. All work will be returned on 14th class.

C. Reading Assignments ( 30%) and Course Grading:

Kirk, American Cause 10%Baucham, The Ever-Loving Truth 10%McCallum, The Death of Truth 10%Lightner, Handbook on Evangelical Theology and Study Guide 40%Papers 30%

1. First Paper (15%)2. Second Paper and final draft (15%) of First Paper:

V. Class Policies:

A. PLAGIARISM: It is the responsibility for each student to know and understand what plagiarism is. Ignorance and misunderstandings of plagiarism will not be excused. Any student who plagiarizes any of their work for this class may receive a “F” for the class and /or be expelled from the school. See attached handout regarding plagiarism.

B. INTERNET SOURCES: While the internet is incredible regarding the vast information available, students are not allowed to cut and paste or cite internet sources from the internet for term papers, whether in terms of content, footnotes, or bibliography. Rather, students may use the extensive bibliography we have provided for assistance regarding papers or other printed sources available. The school librarian or your professors will be glad to help you. Therefore, do not use the internet to complete your papers.

C. CELL PHONES: Unless you have prior permission from the professors, no cell phones are to be on during in class. If you need to use your cell phone please wait till break unless it is an emergency. Cell phones are a major distraction to the learning process. Thank you for this courtesy to both professors and fellow students.

D. ATTENDANCE: Students are expected to attend all classes in which they are enrolled. It is your responsibility to follow procedures as outlined by the registrar’s office in view of class attendance. Students should miss no more than 3 classes. If you miss more than three classes, you will need to drop course or change to audit. Each class is critical to your papers. Moreover, you must be punctual in attendance. Arrive on-time! We will take attendance every week at

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the beginning of class. Lastly, if you miss a class, you are responsible to keep up with reading.

E. DROPS OR WITHDRAWAL: Students must follow procedures outlined by the Program Director to drop a class or withdraw from the College. Students unable to withdraw in person may write to the Registrar’s Office. Telephone withdrawals cannot be accepted. If a student simply ceases to attend a class without officially withdrawing, he or she will receive a grade of “F” for non-attendance.

F. FINAL GRADE OR COURSE QUESTIONS: Students will need to direct all questions regarding attendance, use of cell phones, papers, and grading to professor Paul R. Shockley. He will be responsible for submitting your final grade. You may contact him at paul.shockley@cbshouston.edu or 713-785-5995. He is located on Suite 210. Office hours by appointment. Professor has full right to grade accordingly to the quality of work.

NOTICE: Assignments/Exams/Final must be turned in to the instructor only, on specified due

dates. In the case of emergency, make arrangements with the instructor. This syllabus is subject to change as deemed necessary by the instructor to

accommodate instructional and/or student needs.

The Secretary of Labor’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills has identified basic skills for lifelong success; which include: reading, writing and computation skills; thinking and reasoning skills; personal and interpersonal skills; utilization of knowledge and resources, systems understanding and technical skills. This course champions the acquisition of these skills.

VI. Biblical Worldview Bibliography:

WORLDVIEW (REGARDING):

Building a Christian World View, vols 2, ed. by William Andrew Hoffeker. Philipsburg, Penn.: Presbyterian & Reformed, 1988. Volume 1 focuses on God, Man, and Knowledge. Volume 2 focuses on The Universe, Society, and Ethics. It is from the reformed, covenantal perspective.

Clark, Gordon H. A Christian View of Men and Things. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1952. This book is a pioneer work in worldview thinking from a Christian coherentist perspective and includes law, government, and economics (it is not theonomistic).

Colson, Charles and Nancy Pearcey. How Now Shall We Then Live? Wheaton: Tyndale, 1999. This worldview book follows a cultural approach to worldview thinking.

Curtis, Edward M. and John Brugaletta. Transformed Thinking: Loving God with All Your Mind. Franklin, Tenn.: JKO Press, 1996.

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Geisler, Norman L. and William L. Watkins. Worlds Apart: A Handbook on Worldviews. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1989. This book surveys the Christian Worldview against competing views.

Holmes, Arthur. Contours of a World View. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983.

Naugle, David. Worldview: The History of a Concept. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 2002. This is a novel contribution in that he gives the historical development of worldview thinking.

Nash, Ronald H. Worldviews in Conflict: Choosing Christianity in a World of Ideas. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1992. Introductory text to worldview thinking.

Pepper, Stephen. World Hypotheses. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1942.

Philips, W. Gary, and William E. Brown. Making Sense of Your World from a Biblical Viewpoint. Chicago: Moody, 1991.

Schaeffer, Francis, A. The Complete Works of Francis A. Schaeffer: A Christian Worldview, vols 5. Wheaton: Illinois. 1982.

Sire, James. The Universe Next Door. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1976.

Wainwright, William J. Philosophy of Religion. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1988, chap. 7.

SUGGESTED SOURCES FOR EXPLORING CHRISTIAN WORLDVIEW INTEGRATION:

AESTHETICS:

Best, Harold. Music Through the Eyes of Faith. San Francisco: Harper, 1993.

Dillenberger, John. Style and Content in Christian Art. Books on Demand London, 1986.

Gaebelein, Frank E. The Christian, The Arts, and Truth: Regaining the Vision of Greatness. Portland, Ore.: Multnomah Press, 1985. Gaebelein, a normative dispensationalist, advocates appreciation for the fine arts with a passion for excellence and glory to God.

Halverson,William H. A Concise Introduction to Philosophy. New York: Random House, 1967, chaps 51-54.

Hospers, John. Understanding the Arts. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Halll, 1982.

Murray, Peter and Linda. Oxford Dictionary of Christian Art. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Over 1,700 entries on people and topics represented in art, artists and their works, buildings, places, themes, and visual images.

Myers, Kenneth A. All God’s Children and Blue Suede Shoes. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 1989.

Rookmaaker, Hans. The Creative Gift: Essays on Art and the Christian Life. Westchester, Ill.: Cornerstone Books, 1981. Rookmaaker was an associate and mentor of art to Francis A. Schaeffer.

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Sayers, Dorothy. The Mind of the Maker. San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1987.

Westcott, Brooke Foss. “The Relationship of Art to Christianity.” Pp. 319-360 in The Epistles of John. London: 1883.

Wolterstorff, Nicholas. Art in Action: Toward a Christian Aesthetic. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1980.

________. Works and Worlds of Art. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.

APOLOGETICS:

Bauchman, Voddie, Jr. The Ever-Loving truth: Can Faith Thrive in a Post-Christian Culture? Nashville: Broadman and Holman, 2004.

Budziszkewski, Jay. What We Can’t Not Know: A Guide. Dallas: Spence Publishing, 2003. This book is an evangelical work defending natural theology in the tradition of C. S. Lewis.

Craig, William Lane. Reasonable Faith. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 1994.

Five Views on Apologetics, ed. Steven B. Cowan. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2000. This counterpoint series debates the differing methodologies in the field of apologetics.

Geisler, Norman. Baker Encyclopedia of Christian Apologetics. Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1999. This is the most complete reference tool in Christian Apologetics today. The bibliography is superb.

_______. Christian Apologetics. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1976.

_______ and Frank Turek. I Don’t Have Enough Faith to Be an Atheist. Wheaton: Crossway, 2004. This book utilizes Dr. Geisler’s 12 step apologetic methodology.

_______ and Peter Bocchino. Unshakable Foundations: Contemporary Answers to Crucial Questions about the Christian Faith. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 2001. This work is an excellent introduction to foundational truths in apologetics and a biblical, rational worldview.

_______ and Thomas Howe. When Critics Ask. Wheaton, Ill.: Victor, 1992.

Is Your Church Ready? Motivating Leaders to Live an Apologetic Life, gen. ed. Ravi Zacharias & Norman Geisler. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2003. This book inspires the pastor to equip church people in apologetics.

Groothuis, Douglas. Truth Decay: Defending Christianity Against The Challenges of Postmodernism. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity Press, 2000. Dr. Groothius gives biblical and philosophical arguments for the correspondence view of truth while demonstrating the fallacies of postmodernism.

McDowell, Josh and Bob Hostetler. Beyond Belief to Convictions: What You Need to Know to Help Youth Stand Strong in the Face of Today’s Culture. Wheaton: Tyndale, 2002. This book demonstates and provides solutions regarding the apathy and relativism that reign in our young people today.

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McDowell, Josh. The New Evidence That Demands a Verdict. Nashville: Nelson, 1999. This book is an evidential apologetic tool to demonstrate that God exists, the Bible is reliable, and Jesus is God.

Lewis, C. S. Mere Christianity. New York MacMillan, 1943. Rev. ed., 1952. This work has been used by God to change thousands of lives.

Mayers, Ronald B. Balanced Apologetics. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1984. Mayers seeks to balance both classical and presuppositional apologetic methodologies.

Moreland, J.P. Scaling the Secular City. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1956.

Nash, Ronald. Faith and Reason. Grand Rapids: Zondervan,1988. Nash is a coherentist apologist.

Sproul, R.C., John Gerstner, Arthur Lindsley, Classical Apologetics: A Rational Defense of the Christian Faith and a Critique of Presuppositional Apologetics. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1984.

Cornelius, Van Til. The Defense of the Faith. Philadelphia: The Presbyterian & Reformed, 1955. Van Til argues for the presuppositional approach in apologetics.

Zacharias, Ravi. Can Man Live Without God? Dallas: Word, 1994. This work utilizes a cultural apologetic approach.

APOLOGETICS (HISTORICAL/EVIDENTIAL):

Bloomberg, Craig. The Historical Reliability of the Gospels. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1987.

France, R. T. The Evidence for Jesus. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity Press, 1986.

Groothuis, Douglas. Jesus in an Age of Controversy. Eugene, Oreg.: Harvest ouse< 1996.

Habermas, Gary. The Historical Jesus. Joplin, Mo. College Press, 1996.

McDowell, Josh. He Walked Among Us. San Bernardino, Calif.: Here’s Life, 1988.

Wilkins, Micheal J. and J. P. Moreland, ed. Jesus Under Fire. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995.

CULTS:

Gomes, Alan, gen. ed. Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements. 16 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995.

Groothius, Douglas R. Confronting the New Age. Downers Groe, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1988._______. Unmasking the New Age. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1986.

McDowell, Josh, Handbook of Today’s Religions. San Bernardino, Calif.: Here’s Life Publishers, 1983.

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Tucker, Ruth. Another Gospel: Alternative Religions and the New Age Movement. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1989.

CULTURAL ANALYSIS:

Baue, Frederic W. The Spiritual Society: What Lurks Beyond Postmodernism. Wheaton: Crossway, 2001.

Bellah, Robert N., William M. Sullivan, Ann Swidler, and Steven M. Tipton. Habits of the Heart. New York: Harper and Row, 1985.

Bloom, Allan. The Closing of the American Mind. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1987.

Bork, Robert. Slouching Towards Gomorrah: Modern Liberalism and American Decline. New York: Regan Books, HarperCollins, 1996.

Carson, D. A., gen ed. Telling the Truth: Evangelizing Postmoderns. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2000.

Chesterton, G.K. Orthodoxy. 1908. Reprint, San Francisco: Ignatius, 1995.

Eliot, T. S. Christianity & Culture. New York: A Harvest Book, 1948, 1967.

Geisler, Norman and Frank Turek. Legislating Morality. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1998.

Johnson, Philip E. Reason in the Balance. Downers Grove Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1995.

Hunter, James Davidson. Culture Wars. New York: HarperCollins, 1995.

McCallum, Dennis, gen. ed. The Death of Truth: What’s Wrong with Multiculturalism, the Rejection of Reason, and the New Postmodern Diversity. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 1996.

Noll, Mark A. The Scandal of the Evangelical Mind. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1994.

Olasky, Marvin. Prodigal Press: The Anti-Christian Bias of the American News Media. Westchester, Ill.: Crossway, 1988.

Postman, Neil. Amusing Ourselves to Death. New York: Penguin Books, 1985.

Schlossberg, Herbert. Idols for Destruction. Wheaton, Ill: Crossway, 1990.

Schmidt, Alvin J. Under the Influence: How Christianity Transformed Civilization. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2001.

ECONOMICS:

Beauchamp, Tom L., and Norman E. Bowie. Ethical Theory in Business. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1979.

Brookes, Warren T. The Economy in Mind. New York: Universe Books, 1982.

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Chewning, Richard, John W. Eby, and Shirley J. Roels. Business Through the Eyes of Faith. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1990.

Clouse, Robert, ed. Wealth and Poverty: Four Christian Views of Economics. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1984.

Houck, John, and Oliver Williams, eds. The Judeo-Christian Vision and the Modern Corporation. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1982.

Nash, Ronald H. Social Justice and the Christian Church. Milford, Mich.: Mott Media, 1983.

Olasky, Marvin N., ed. Freedom, Justice, and Hope. Westchester, Ill.: Crossway, 1988.

Rae, Scott, and Kenman Wong. Beyond Integrity: A Judeo-Christian Approach to Business Ethics. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996.

Schaeffer, Franky. Is Capitalism Christian? Wheaton: Crossway, 1985. This book contends that “democratic capitalism allows man more freedom to achieve his rightful place in the universe as a creature of dignity made in the image of God than any other socio-economic system. This does not mean perfect. There is room for improvement. For example, poverty has not been eliminated from democratic capitalist societies. Nor does perfect justice exist in them. But when compared with other systems in the real world, democratic capitalism is vastly superior because it provides more freedom for its citizens, it consistently out produces socialist and other managed societies, it allows for a great deal of class mobility, it accommodates dissent and reform, it tends to prevent power or wealth from being concentrated in the hands of the few.” Jacket Cover.

ETHICS:

Beckwith, Francis J. Politically Correct Death. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992.

__________. Do the Right Thing. Boston: Jones and Bartlett, 1996.

Feinberg, John S. and Paul D. Ethics for a Brave New World. Wheaton: Crossway, 1993.

Fournier, Keith A., and William D. Watkins. In Defense of Life. Colorado Springs: NavPress, 1996.

Geisler, Norman L. Christian Ethics: Options and Issues. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1989.

Haurewas, Stanley L. Suffering Presence. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1986.

Moreland, J. P. and Norman L. Geisler. The Life and Death Debate. Westport, Conn. Praeger, 1990.

Pojman, Louis P. Ethics: Discovering Right and Wrong. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1995.

Rae, Scott. Moral Choices. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1995.

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Ryrie, Charles C. Biblical Answers to Contemporary Issues. Chicago: Moody Press, 1974, 1991. Dr. Ryrie presents easily understandable biblical answers to divorce, suicide, abortion, demonism, women’s rights, debt, racism, situational ethics, and evolution.

GOVERNMENT:

Beckwith, Francis J. and Michael E. Bauman. Are You Politically Correct? Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus, 1993.

Budziszewski, Jay. Written on the Heart: The Case for Natural Law. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity,1997.

Eidsmoe, John. Christianity and the Constitution: The Faith of Our Founding Fathers. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1987.

Gaede, S. D. When Tolerance is No Virtue. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1993.

Geisler, Norman L. “A Premillennial View of Law and Government.” Bibliotheca Sacra 142 (July-September 1985): 250-266.

Hatch, Nathan. The Democratization of American Christianity. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1991.

Kirk, Russell, The American Cause. Wilmington, Delaware: ISI Books, 2002.

______. The Roots of American Order. Wilmington, Delaware: ISI Books, 2003.

Nash, Ronald H. Freedom, Justice, and the State. Washington, D.C.: University Press of America, 1980.

Neuhaus, Richard John. The Naked Public Square: Religion and Democracy in America, 1980.

Scruton, Roger, The West and the Rest: Globalization and the Terrorist Threat. Wilmington, Delaware: Intercollegiate Studies Institute, 2002. This book explores the differences between Western and Islamic societies in view of Westernization.

HUMANITY:

Christian Perspectives on Being Human, ed. J. P. Moreland and David M. Ciocchi. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993.

Ellingsen, Mark. Blessed Are the Cynical: How Original Sin Can Make America a Better Place. Grand Rapids: Brazos Press, 2003.

Habermans, Gary, and J. P. Moreland. Immortality: The Other Side of Death. Nashville: Nelson, 1992.

Heibert, Paul. Anthropological Insights for Missionaries. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1985.

Lingenfelter, Sherwood. Agents of Transformation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1996.

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________. Transforming Culture. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992.

Moreland, J. P. and David M. Ciocchi, eds. Christian Perspectives on Being Human. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1993.

Pentecost, J. Dwight. Designed to Be Like Him. Grand Rapids: Discovery House, 1994.

Piper, John, and Wayne Grudem. eds. Recovering Biblical Manhood and Womanhood. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 1991.

Richard, Ramesh. Mending Your Soul: The Spiritual Path to Inner Wholeness. Nashville: Broadman & Holman, 1999.

Thomas, Robert. Who am I? The Christian Hunger for Self-Identity. London: Christian Focus Publications, 2002.

INTELLECTUAL LIFE:

Adler, Mortimer J. The Great Ideas: A Lexicon of Western Thought. New York: Macmillan, 1952, 1992.

_______ and Charles Van Doren. How to Read a Book. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1972.

Glaspey, Terry W. Great Books of the Christian Tradition. Eugene, Oreg.: Harvest House, 1996.

Great Thinkers of the Western World, ed. Ian P. McGreal. New York: Harper Collins, 1992.

Moreland, J. P. Love Your God With All Your Mind: The Role of Reason in the Life of the Soul. Colorado Springs: NavPress, 1997. This book is outstanding in understanding the role of the mind in Christian living.

Sertillanges, A.G. The Intellectual Life. Washington, D.C.: Catholic University of America Press, 1946.

Sire, James W. How to Read Slowly. Wheaton, Ill.: Harold Shaw, 1978.

_______. Discipleship of the Mind. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1990.

PHILOSOPHY:

Audi, Robert. Belief, Justification, and Knowledge. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth, 1988.

_______. The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Blackwell Companions to Philosophy. Oxford: Blackwell Series. Blackwell Companions offers indepth articles and encyclopedic references. They are absolutely vital for graduate scholarship. Each book is dedicated to a specific subject (e.g., Political Philosophy; Ethical Theory; Modern Philosophy).

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Brown, Colin. Christianity & Western Thought: A History of Philosophers, Ideas, & Movements. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1990. This book is a sweeping survey of Christianity and Western thought from the ancient world to the Age of Enlightenment.

Clark, Kelly James, ed. Philosophers Who Believe. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1993. This book is an excellent biographical source that give reasons why philosophers believe in the God of the Bible.

Copan, Paul, Scott B. Lulely, Stan W. Wallace, Philosophy: Christian Perspectives of the New Millennium. Norcross, Georgia, 2003. This work is an excellent book by evangelical Christian theologians, apologists, and philosophers who seek to integrate their faith and scholarship in the university. Articles were written by people like Ravi Zacharias, Alister McGrath, J.P. Moreland, and J. Budzsiszewski.

Edwards, Paul. The Encyclopedia of Philosphy, 4 vols. New York: Collier-Macmillan, 1974.

Geisler, Norman. Philosophy of Religion. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1974.

Geivett, R. Douglas, and Brendan Sweetman, eds. Contemporary Perspectives on Religious Epistemology. New York: Oxford, 1992.

Hicks, Peter. The Journey So Far: Philosophy Through the Ages. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2003.

Plantinga, Alvin. God and Other Minds: Study of the Rational Justification of Belief in God. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1967.

Van Til, Cornelius. A Christian Theory of Knowledge. Phillipsburg, N.J.: Inter-Varsity, 1969.

______. In Defense of the Faith: A Survey of Christian Epistemology. Nutley, N.J.: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing, 1977.

SCIENCE:

Connell, Richard J. Substance and Modern Science. Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, 1988.

Craig, William Lane, and Smith Quentin. Theism, Atheism, and Big Bang Cosmology. Oxford: Clarendon, 1993.

Corey, M.A. God and the New Cosmology: The Anthropic Design Argument. Boston: Rowman and Littlefield, 1993.

Denton, Michael. Evolution: A Theory in Crisis. London: Burnett Books, 1985.

Johnson, Philip. Darwin on Trial. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity. 1991.

Moreland, J.P. ed. The Creation Hypothesis. Downers Grove, Ill.: Inter-Varsity, 1993.

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______. Christianity and the Nature of Science: A Philosophical Investigation. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1989. This is an outstanding work in exploring the relationship between science and theology. It is very impressive contribution to the integration of Christianity and Science. Dr. Moreland is a Dallas Seminary graduate.

Morris, Henry. Scientific Creationism. El Cajon, Calif.: Master Books, 1985.

Polanyi, Michael. “Life’s Irreducible Structure.” Science 160 (June 1968): 1308-1312.

Pearcey, Nancy R. and Charles Thaxton. The Soul of Science. Wheaton, Ill.: Crossway, 1994. This work is also an outstanding book that explores the historical development of science via Christianity. Dr. Pearcey was taught by Francis A. Schaeffer.

Ross, Hugh. The Fingerpoint of God. Orange, Calif.: Promise Publishing, 1989.

______. The Creator and the Cosmos. Colorado Springs NavPress, 1993.

Sarfati, Jonathan. Refuting Evolution. Glen Forest, Ark.: Master Books, 1999, 2000.

Thaxton, Charles, and Walter Bradley. The Mystery of Life’s Origin. New York: Philosophical Library, 1984.

Wells, Jonathan. “The History and Limits of Genetic Engineering.” International Journal on the Unity of the Sciences 5 (Summer 1992): 132-150.

Wright, Richard T. Biology Through the Eyes of Faith. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1989.

THEOLOGY:

Berkof, Louis. Systematic Theology. 4th ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1949.

______. The History of Christian Doctrines. Repr. Ed. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974.

Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Edited by John T. McNeill, 2 vols., [Ford Lewis Battles Edition] Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1936.

Buswell, J. Oliver. A Systematic Theology of the Christian Religion, 2 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1962-63.

Chafer, Lewis Sperry and John F. Walvoord. Major Bible Themes. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1954.

______. Systematic Theology, 4 vols. Grand Rapids: Kregel, 1998; reprint from Chafer’s 8 vols. Edition. Dallas: Dallas Theological Seminary Press, 1948.

______. Systematic Theology, abridged edition, 2 vols. ed. by John F. Walvoord, Donald Campbell, and Roy Zuck. Wheaton: Victor Books, 1988.

Erickson, Millard J. Christian Theology. Baker, Grand Rapids, 1985.

Evangelical Dictionary of Theology, ed. Walter Elwell. Grand Rapids: Wheaton, 1984.

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Geisler, Norman and William Nix. A General Introduction to the Bible. Chicago: Moody Press, 1968, 1986.

Geisler, Norman. Systematic Theology, Vols 1-3. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 2002, 2003, 2004. Volume 4 will be published in 2005. Volume 1 presents the most exhaustive work on prolegomena known in systematic theology.

Gonzalez, Justo. A History of Christian Thought. 3 vols. Nashville: Abingdon, 1970.

Grudem, Wayne. Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1994.

Hodge, Charles. Systematic Theology. 3 vols. New York: Scribners, 1877.

House, Wayne H. Charts of Christian Theology and Doctrine. Zondervan: Grand Rapids, 1992.

Lightner, Robert P. Handbook of Evangelical Theology: A Historical, Biblical, and Contemporary Survey and Review. Grand Rapids: Kregel Books, 1995. This work is an excellent survey in presenting the major evangelical positions of major issues in theology.

Reymond, Robert L. A New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1998.

Ryrie, Charles C. Dispensationalism: Revised and Expanded. Chicago: Moody Press, 1966, 1995).

Shedd, W. G. T. Dogmatic Theology. 3rd. ed. 3 vols. New York: Scribners, 1891.

______. A History of Christian Doctrine. Repr. Ed. 2 vols. Minneapolis: Klock and Klock, 1978.

Walton, Robert. Chronological and Background Charts of Church History. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1986.

Wells, David. No Place for Truth, or Whatever Happened to Evangelical Theology? Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1993.

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