CHRISTIANITY

Jesus Christ Yeshua ben Joseph

Jesus of Nazareth Jesus of Galilee

Believe in the teachings of Jesus Jesus is the son of God;

God in the flesh TRINITYTRINITY:

Came to earth to save people from their sins

Died to save their souls Descendent of David

Birth of Jesus

Born in Bethlehem Born to Joseph and Mary

Mary believed to be a virgin Angel Gabriel announces to Mary

she is pregnant w/ God’s son

@ 2000 years ago, during Roman times

Bible = New TestamentNew Testament 4 Gospels Acts o/t Apostles @ life, teachings & miracles of

Jesus

Baptism of Jesus Jesus baptized in the

Jordan River (Luke 3:21) Washed away his sins Recognized by John the

Baptist as the savior of the world Jesus & John the Baptist

were cousins

Jesus is tempted by the Devil Fasted for 40 days & 40

nights tell these stones to turn

into loaves

“You must not put the Lord your God t/t test”

Shown all the kingdoms o/t world be off Satan (Matt. 4:1-11)

Mount of Temptationsin Jericho

Jesus’ work and teaching Chose 12 Apostles or followers Performed miracles, such as the fishes

and the loaves fish becomes a symbol of Christianity

(Matt. 14:13-31) made water into wine (John 2:9) Rose Lazarus from the dead (John 11)

Love God w/ all your heart, soul & all your mind (Matt. 22:37)

Do unto others as you would have others do unto you (Matt. 22:39)

Jesus’ work and teaching (John 3:16)

Yes, God loved the world so much that he gave his only Son, so that everyone who believes in him may not be lost but may have eternal life

Jesus cures a cripple (John 5:1) Jesus walks on water

(John 6:16) Jesus cures a blind man

(John 9:1-7) Easier for a camel to fit through

the eye of a needle, then for a rich man to enter heaven (Matt. 19:24)

Jesus’ popularity and Romans/Jews Romans resent the popularity that

Jesus’ teachings and miracles brought seen as a threat to their rule

Many Jews resent Jesus because he says that love is more important than Jewish law breaks some Jewish laws cures on the Sabbath btw: ALL the first Christians were

Jewish

Parables Jesus taught in parables

Good Samaritan (Luke 10:29-37)

love thy neighbor (Matt. 19:19-20)

love thy enemy (Luke 6:27)

SERMON on the MOUNT (Matt. 5:1-12)

the meek shall inherit the earth the poor will prosper in heaven

Prodigal son story (Luke 15:11-32)

Last Supper Jesus knows that Jewish

and Roman leaders want him dead

Celebrates last supper with Apostles Passover supper

Changes Bread and wine into his body and blood: transubstantiation

Judas and the Crucifixion

Judas, one of Jesus’ apostles, betrays him to the authorities in Garden of Gethsame

Jesus crucified by the Romans

Judas commits suicide

ResurrectionJesus was buried in a tomb, but on the third day after his crucifixion the tomb was found empty

His followers said they had seen him and that he rose from the dead: transfiguration

History Romans continued to

persecute Jews and Christians

In fact, the goal of Nero in 70 CE was to destroy not only the Jews, but the Christians

Christian martyrs

Jewish – Christian Split Paul 13th Apostle Anyone can be a

Christian Gentiles greatly

outnumbered Jewish-Christians

Peter Jesus’ favorite 1st Pope Must be Jewish to be

Christian

Which belief won out?

Constantine Roman Emperor Constantine

converted to Christianity in 313 CE. “in this sign, conquer”

He made Christianity the religion of the Roman empire persecutions end persecutions of non-Christians

begin

Sent his mother, Helena, to find Christian holy sites in Palestine

Church COUNCILS Council of Nicea 325 CE

Doctrine o/t TRINITY Nicene Creed “one in being

w/t Father”

Council of Hippo 393 CE decided what books will go

into the Bible

Roman Empire splits 330 CE: Roman Empire

splits in half Constantinople becomes the

center of the Eastern Orthodox Church (Byzantine) Patriarch is head of church

Rome becomes the center of the Western church (Roman Catholic) Pope is head of church catholic means universal

What’s more important and why?

The Messageor

The Messenger

Reformation 1517 – Martin Luther

protests corrupt Popes and indulgences ….splits Roman Catholic Church again

New religions such as Protestantism, Lutheranism, and Calvinism

Christian sects (divisions) CONSERVATIVE Literal interpretation

word for word fundamentalist Christianity

The Bible says so . . .

Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Ethiopian Christian Church Coptic (Egyptian) Christians

LIBERAL Protestantism

looser interpretation

Anglican Unitarianism Faith over acts or acts

over faith??

Catholic Hierarchy

Customs & Traditions Eucharist, which means

thanksgiving, is a reenactment of the Last Supper practiced every Sunday

in churches

Bread and wine (body & blood of Christ)

Has different meanings in different churches

Baptism Initiation into the

church John 3:16

Done with water…either total submersion or a few drops

Some churches will only baptize adults

Confirmation Confirming faith in

Jesus Person of the church

becomes a full adult Age varies Local bishop

confirms the Holy Spirit on that person

Clergy Called priests,

reverends, ministers Priests wear a “dog

collar” copied from those worn by slaves

Bishop carries a crosier which is like a shepherd’s crook

Festivals

Christmas celebrates the birth of

Christ

Good Friday crucifixion of Jesus

EASTER Most holy Christian holiday Celebrates resurrection of

Christ Lent – period prior to

Easter…fasting

Church of the Nativityin Bethlehem

Churches Focal point of the

church is the altar Baptismal font Regional church is

called a cathedral