Dedicated to information about the Chrysomelidae

CHRYSOMELACHRYSOMELAnewsletter

2- Editor’s Corner2- Old CHRYSOMELA Photo3- Etiquette & Responsibilities3- Timarcha Lives! (Viva)3- Historical photo4-Southeast Asian Chrysomelid Collections & Taxonomists5- Rumble In the Jungle6- John Lawrence Retires7- Chrysomelid Research

Assistance in New Guinea8- Insect Collecting South Africa9- Permit Process in South Africa10-Literature Available or Needed10-Specimens Available or Needed11-Molecular Study Preservation12-Fifth International Chrysomelid

Symposium Information13- New Chrysomelid Literature15- Email & Telephone List

INSIDE THIS ISSUE

Report No. 38/39 April 2000

Bandar Lampung, SOUTH SUMATRA,Chrysomelidist Marries UN Worker

Chris Reid and Evi Thristiawati were married on February 2, 2000 at the BandarLampung temple in South Sumatra. Chris and Evi are one of three marriages ofchrysomelid colleagues that we know of married in the first three months of this year.

Research Activities and Interests

(continued page 10)

J. Gordon Edwards (San Jose,USA) continues general interest in leafbeetles; would like his specimensidentified, especially Central and SouthAmerican.

Luca Fornasari (Montpellier,France) is working on the biology, hostspecificity, and biological control ofweeds using flea beetles.

Hugh D. C. Heron (Escombe, SouthAfrica) continues research into thebiology of South African cassids,particularly life cycles, host plants andfeeding patterns. Also, mimetic relation-ships between coccinellids and cassids(Chiridopsis).

Michihiro Ishihara (Sakai, Osaka,Japan) currently doing research on theprocess of evolution of Plagioderaversicolora life cycle and host usepatterns. Because P. versicolora iscommon worldwide, study of geographicvariations is a good method to clarify theevolutionary pattern. Currently investi-gating the voltinism, host species andpredators at several locations throughvarious latitudes in Japan. Additionally,studying the diapause characteristics,other life history traits, and preferenceperformance linkage to host plantselection (with a focus on phenotypicplasticity).

Juan G. Hurtado (San Juan, PuertoRico) starting work on a Doctoral degreeunder Catherine Duckett. Plans forthesis work includes molecular andmorphological phylogenetics of Galeru-cinae: Section Cerotomites in theNeotropics.

Frantisek Kantner (Dubné, CzechRepublic) continues work in the Clytrinae.

Yuri E. Mikhailov (Yekaterinburg,Russia) doing research on the polymor-phism of natural populations of Chry-somelidae, faunistics and systematics ofChrysomelidae (mostly Cryptocephali-nae) of the Palearctic region. Continueswork on doctoral thesis “Hierarchical

2 CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

The Newsletter CHRYSOMELA–Founded 1979– is published semiannually in April and October by the California Department of Food & Agriculture, Plant PestDiagnostics Center, 3294 Meadowview Road, Sacramento, CA 95832-1448. E-mail: tseeno@ns.net; telephone (916) 262-1160; FAX (916) 262-1190. This newsletteris sent to students of the Chrysomelidae to encourage the exchange of ideas and to disseminate information on these insects. Editor: Terry N. Seeno, Sacramento.Advisors: Catherine Duckett, San Juan; Brian D. Farrell, Cambridge; R. Wills Flowers, Tallahassee; Elizabeth Grobbelaar, Pretoria; Pierre Jolivet, Paris andGainesville; Chris Reid, Townsville; Ed Riley, College Station; G. Al Samuelson, Honolulu; Eric H. Smith, Lynchburg; Charlie L. Staines, Edgewater; and KunioSuzuki, Toyama.

THE EDITOR’SCORNER

Terry N. Seeno, Sacramento

Twenty Years ofCHRYSOMELA

CHRYSOMELA first appeared in August1979. The idea for such a newsletter isnot at all original; some of the old timers(i.e. Ross Arnett) really paved the way,especially in a time when desktoppublishing, as we know it, didn’t exist.

Judging by the numerous requestsand correspondences that I receive fromthe readers during the year, it seems tobe growing in popularity. I try to keeppublication on schedule but, from timeto time, I miss an issue when there’s notenough information to fill the pages.

The original intent of the publicationis much the same today as it was then; toprovide interesting and timely informa-tion to chrysomelid colleagues aroundthe world and (hopefully) bring harmonyto our discipline. It seemed like a goodidea then and, for the most part, it stillseems like a good idea.

It serves not only as a forum fordebate and an outlet for observationsbut, hopefully, one of the more usefulfeatures is that it provides an avenue fornewcomers to our discipline. Lookingback through some of the old issues are

names of people just starting out in thefield who now are mentors of those justentering. I hope the direction of thisnewsletter will continue to emphasizethat direction for another twenty years.

Book Review

Guide to the identification of leaf-beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae)of the Eastern Europe by A. O.Bienkowski. Moscow, 1999. 204 pageswith 565 figures (in Russian). 210 x 149,paperbound. ISBN 5-900095-12-6.Price: $20.00 (US) + shipping.

This book provides the most com-plete guide for the identification of theleaf-beetles of the European Russia(including Ural), Ukraine (including theCrimea), Moldova, Byelarus, Lithuania,Latvia, and Estonia. A key to 637 speciesis given together with distributional andhost plant information. Several speciesare recorded from this territory for thefirst time. Some invalid names, frequent-ly occurring in recent literature, are putin brackets after the valid names. As arule, illustrations are paired for the twoalternatives of each couplet to facilitatedetermination. The book is provided withtaxonomic index and list of literaturecited. The guide is designed for entomolo-gists (including amateurs), all biologistswhich deal with Chrysomelidae, special-ists in plant protection, and students.

Contact: A.O. Bienkowski, Instituteof Ecology and Evolution, Russian

Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 33,Moscow, 117071 Russia, or emailbienkow@access.orgland.ru

—L. N. Medvedev, Reviewer

Book Notices

Interrelationship Between Insectsand Plants, edited by Pierre Jolivet, Paris,1999. 336 pages; ISBN:1-57444-052-7.Price $59.95 (US) + shipping. Offered bySt. Lucie Press: <http://www.crcpress.comor email: <orders@crcpress.com>.

A World Catalogue of the Cassidi-nae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).Wroclaw, 1999. 476 pages: ISBN 83-909804-4-4. Price $80.00 (US) +shipping. Send orders to: PolskiTowarzystwo Taksonomiczne (PolishTaxonomical Society), Sienkiewicza 21,50-335 Wroclaw, Poland.

Website Information

Updated information regarding theInternational Congress of Entomology<htpp://www.embrapa.br/ice>.

Drawings by Juan GuillermosHurtado and, soon, larval photos ofOedionychina and other chrysomelids at:<http://www.cnnet.clu.edu/biol/new/faculty/duckett>.

Last Item:<http://myweb.ns.net/tseeno>.

First Chrysomela Photo

The first newsletter photographappeared in CHRYSOMELA, no. 4, January1981, featuring “The First InternationalAlticinae Workers’ Symposium.”

From the left: Walter Steinhausen,Manfred Doeberl, Bohumila Bechyné,Gerhard Scherer, Carmen Segarra, EricSmith, David Furth, Carlo Leonardi,Terry Seeno, Mauro Daccordi, SergeDoguet, Carmelèn Petitpierre, EduardPetitpierre. Who would believe we wereever that young?

3CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

A recent trip to a prominentmuseum in Paris has led me tocontemplate some issues of responsi-bilities and etiquette for both thevisitor and the host. For most of us,particularly if we do systematic andtaxonomic research, museums are anecessity and are often uniquearchives and caretakers of specimens.A successful visit to a museum to seeneeded specimens and borrowmaterial for further study is oftencrucial to the full success of a researchproject. The museum often benefitsbecause specimens are often identifiedand curated as a result. But what arethe responsibilities of the visitor andwhat are the responsibilities of themuseum host to make these researchtrips successful and fully realize thebenefits to both sides?

The visiting researcher should firstcorrespond with the appropriatecaretaker of the institution. Informa-tion should be conveyed regarding thenature of the research project, antici-pated time of visit, equipment or spaceneeded, specific material that wouldneed to be seen, and what materialwould probably need to be borrowed.A dialogue should be made to clarifyany potential conflicts on either sideprior to a visit.

The museum acts as a repositoryfor material and must make reasonableefforts to avail material to visitingresearchers in a responsible way.However, the museum also has aresponsibility to protect its material inperpetuity. When evaluating apotential visit, these are the two areas

THEFORVM

which must be weighed by the host.First, the museum host may make anevaluation of the historical conduct ofthe visitor. An obvious example: hasthe visitor been charged with stealingspecimens from other institutions? Ofcourse, the museum host would be in areasonable position to strongly controlaccess in that case. Has the visitorpreviously kept specimens wellbeyond the agreed upon date of return?Again, if the host feels that tardiness ina loan return has jeopardized the safetyof the specimens, that host mayimpose some restrictions to access.

Sometimes, the caretaker of themuseum will use other factors toevaluate a potential visitor that seem tobe of more subjective or personalnature than the above examples. Onefactor may be territoriality. We cannotdeny that this is an element of ourpsyche, and it occasionally rears itshead in this situation. There is onlylegitimacy, however, when thecaretaker and visitor both are workingon the same specific project and bothneed access to the same specimens,but not when they are merely workingin the same field. Another factor usedto evaluate a proposed visitor may besimple personal animosity. There maybe no demonstrable historical miscon-duct on the part of the visitor, butnevertheless, animosity on the part ofthe host exists, and is used to denyaccess.

It is unfortunate that because of thediversity of museums, personalities,policies, and cultures, a museumvisitation can be unrewarding for bothsides. This is a shame since a success-ful visit can strongly benefit themuseum through identification andcuration of specimens by the visitingresearcher, and can benefit theresearcher by expediting researchthrough study of critical material. As aperson who relies on museums forresearch and also acts as a host andcaretaker for a prominent collection, Ihope I have clarified some of theissues involved in museum visitation.It is my hope that the unrewardingmuseum visit becomes only a fadingmemory.

—Anonymous

Responsibilitiesand Etiquette

in MuseumResearch for

the Visitor & Host

Timarcha lives(in Montana)!

Shawn M. Clark, CharlestonPierre Jolivet, Paris

Much has been written concerningthe genus Timarcha and the endangeredstatus of many of its members. Twospecies are recognized from NorthAmerica, T. cerdo Stål and T. intricataHaldeman. Both are classified in theendemic subgenus Americanotimarcha.However, minor differences occuramong various populations, and thereare unresolved questions regardingtaxonomy. Perhaps, this is an instancewhere modern molecular techniquescould demonstrate the presence ofspecies that are hardly separable basedon morphology. Although habitat forboth of the recognized species has beenreduced by development, the beetlessurvive in various areas.

We recently examined nine speci-mens collected from the McDonaldCreek and North Fork Flathead areas,Glacier National Park, Flathead County,Montana. We have determined them asT. intricata. This species feed onRosaceae, especially Rubus parviflorusNutt.; however, all of the Glacier Parkspecimens were collected in pitfall traps.Most of the material is preserved in theMontana State University collection, buta single specimen is retained in thecollection of each of the authors.Previously, this species was known tooccur in Alberta, British Columbia,California, Idaho, Oregon, and Washing-ton. It has also been reported fromColorado, but its occurrence thererequires verification.

from left: Charles Papp, Hans Kulzer, andJan Bechyné, September 1949, at one ofthe side entrances of the Frey Museum

Historical Photo

4 CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

In August and September 1999 I was employed by theZoology Museum, Bogor, Java, to sort out the Coleopteracollection to family, sort select groups to species, and teachbeetle systematics and methodology to museum staff and 6lecturers from Indone-sian universities.Among the museumstaff, Woro Noerdjitohas recently beenawarded her PhD onpopulation genetics ofAspidomorpha species.At the end of 2 monthsthere were 806 drawersof 103 families ofColeoptera, including126 drawers of Chry-somelidae. Thecollection was sortedaccording to theclassification presented in the recent CD-ROM to adultColeoptera by John Lawrence. Much recent material fromKalimantan and Papua Barat was incorporated and the genusAulacophora sorted to species (46 of them) and databased.Species concepts and cladistics were taught using local speciesof Aulacophora.

The collection is well housed in a modern airconditionedhall, with all drawers in metalcabinets—much better than thecollection I currently work on inSydney! There are excellentsupport staff to maintain thecollections, and mount and databasematerial. The organization of thecollections is a tribute to the WorldBank, the Global EnvironmentalFoundation and the JapaneseInstitute for Co-operation in Asia.

During September I visited theCentre for Insect Systematics,Universtas Kebangsaan Malaysia,for a week. The primary aims of thevisit were to meet ProfessorMohamed Mohamedsaid, withwhom I had corresponded forseveral years, to meet his PhDstudent, Grace Barroga, from the Philippines, and to study thematerial held in the Centre’s collection.

This is a university research collection, largely compiled byProf. Mohamedsaid. It included 146 drawers of Chrysomel-idae, dominated by Galerucini (70 drawers), which partlyreflects Professor Mohamedsaid’s interest in this group, andpartly the enormous diversity of this group in southeast Asia.

Other major groups were Alticini (24 drawers) and Eumolpi-nae (16). Mohamed discussed various issues regardingproblems of generic attribution and species concepts. Weconcentrated on examination of the Taumacera genus group,

Cholaenus, Simaethea and other oddities.The result is that I am even more convincedthat the alticines are non-monophyletic!Grace and I spent some time discussingproblems in Aulacophora taxonomy, thesubject of her thesis, and we had an after-noon field trip to the local ‘bush’ whichproduced about 40 species of Chrysomel-idae, without serious effort (collectingchrysomelids and eating ice-cream isdifficult).

A highlight of the visit was a meeting of4 of the chrysomelid taxonomists of south-east Asia and Australia: Professor Mohamed-said, Grace Barroga, Regina Teo from theNational University of Singapore and

myself. Regina had just handed in her Masters thesis onCriocerinae at James Cook University (Townsville). Wediscussed long term projects and the future of chrysomelidsystematics and taxonomy in the region. A feasible plan wouldseem to be a key to genera for the southeast Asian archipelago.The enthusiasm and expertise of the two students suggests thatthe future is healthy, although unfortunately Regina is only

able to find employ-ment on molluscs atpresent.

In sum, readersshould be aware thattwo excellent collec-tions of Chrysomel-idae exist in southeastAsia - there is noexcuse for ignoringthese and no justifica-tion for describingnew species based onold or piecemealmaterial in Europeancollections. The stateof chrysomelidtaxonomy in southeastAsia is already a

nightmare, so please, no more ‘new species from Island x’ butinstead revisions of all material of certain taxonomic catego-ries.

I am extremely grateful to my hosts in the twocountries, Yayuk Suhardjono (Zoology Museum, Bogor) andMohamed Mohamedsaid (UKM) and to Grace, Regina, and thestaff and students at the two institutions.

Dewi Sartiami, Wiwien, Edwi Mahajoeno, and Srie Marhaeniexamine chrysomelids in the new collection hall of the Zoology

Museum in Bogor, Java

Southeast Asian Chrysomelid Collections and TaxonomistsChris Reid, Sydney

Regina Teo, Chris Reid, Mohamed Mohamedsaid andGrace Barroga meet at the Universitas Kebangsaan

in Malaysia

5CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

The third meeting of the Coleoptera Working Group washeld in Costa Rica last summer from June 28 to July 8, 1999at the San Ramón Forest Reserve. This group is one of six (theothers are for vertebrates,fungi, nematodes, mol-lusks, Hymenoptera andColeoptera) that areconducting the NationalBiodiversity Inventory withthe Costa Rica BiodiversityInstitute (INBio). Our firstmeeting was in 1995 (seeCHRYSOMELA no. 30),when we were known asthe Coleoptera TWIG ofthe ATBI. In 1996 therewas a far-reaching (andsomewhat controversial)reorganization of thenational inventory whichcaused some delay andredirected the main focustoward the Amistad areanear the Panamá border. However, despite periodic reports inthe U.S. scientific press, rumors of the “demise of the ATBI”are as exaggerated as Mark Twain’s first obituary.

Unlike our previous meetings, which were devoted toplanning, this time we began the real work of the inventory.The six of us from North America were Bob Anderson, MikeIvie, Paul Johnson, Dave Kavanaugh, Rob Roughly, andmyself. On the Costa Rican side, we had Angel Solis andCarlos Viquez, INBio curators for Coleoptera, Elena Ulate andAngela Mora, technicians, and parataxonomists WilfredoArana, Alejandro Azofeifa, Wendy Porras, Johanna Rodriguezand Roger Tenorio. Also with us were Silvia Solis, a student atthe University of Costa Rica, Cristina Rojas from the Autono-mous National University, Maylin Paniagua, a chrysomelidolo-gist from the ALAS project (see CHRYSOMELA no. 32), andAna Saenz from the INBio “front office” who was along to doany necessary translating.

The San Ramón Forest Reserve is a protected area ofAtlantic rainforest located northwest of San Jose and to theeast of the better-known Monteverde Reserve. The Universityof Costa Rica maintains a field station there which givesvisiting biologists easy access to a broad range terrestrial andaquatic rainforest habitats. During our workshop we took aadvantage of the surrounding forests and streams to show theINBio Coleoptera team some specialized collecting techniquesand to look for rare and obscure beetle families. Chrysomel-idae is obviously not one of these; my part in the workshopwas to work with the parataxonomists on methods of collect-ing data on host plant associations. While the Chrysomelidae

holdings in INBio are now very extensive, they (like collec-tions elsewhere) contain very little information about hostassociations. Accordingly, Angel Solís is now requiring that

any future additions to theINBio collections ofspecimens from well-collected families (Chry-somelidae included here)be accompanied by naturalhistory data.

Fortunately, SanRamón was very produc-tive in opportunities to seeChrysomelidae interactingwith their host plants.Some of the best huntingwas by walking back alongthe access road to thestation. Within sight of thebuilding, we found severalpopulations of Platyphoraspectabilis feeding on acommon roadside compos-

ite. Museums all over the world are full of large showyPlaytphoras and other spectacular chrysomelids, but we haveno idea what most of them eat, or anything else about theirbiology. It is always gratifying to fill in another little bit ofthis void. Although the Platyphora was the largest chry-somelid we found, the most extensive feeding damage wasbeing caused by several species of flea beetles in the Aphthonacomplex which were doing quite a job skeletonizing somelarge composite shrubs. As I went around with differentgroups of parataxonomists it was evident that they know lotsof details of chrysomelid feeding behavior which they have infield notebooks or in their heads. Angel, the parataxonomists,and I discussed ways of getting all these scraps of informationinto a single database, and ways to periodically publish thisinformation.

The main focus of the workshop was on the small, cryptic,and hard to collect beetle families that are still under-repre-sented at INBio. Bob Anderson demonstrated a flight-intercept trap and his techniques extracting weevils from leaflitter by sifting and with portable Berlese funnels. PaulJohnson worked with the group on collecting and identifyingElateroidea, and distributed drafts of a key to the Costa Ricangenera (now available on the Web at: <www.abs.sdstate.edu/sdnhcbs/SMIRCOL/Costa_Rica/Elaters/main.htm>). MikeIvie demonstrated how to collect various wood-inhabitingfamilies, Dave Kavanaugh showed us some of the moreunusual places to find Carabidae and their allies, and RobRoughley showed us some of the less obvious places to lookfor aquatic Coleoptera. One of his techniques to collect insects

Rumble in the Jungle(or, you don’t have to try snake-handling to study chrysomelids, but it helps)

Wills Flowers, Tallahassee

Front row, L-R: A. Mora, W. Porras, R. Roughley, A. Saenz, W.Arana, A. Azofeifa; middle row: E. Ulate, C. Rojas, M. Paniagua, J.Rodriguez; back row: S. Solís, W. Flowers, R. Tenorio, C. Víquez, P.Johnson, D. Kavanaugh, M. Ivie, R. Anderson. —Photo by A. Solís

6 CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

from vertical slabs of moss in tiny waterfalls is to spray themoss with a little Raid or other household insecticide, andcollect the beetles that come staggering out. One of the timeshe did this, he collected a small series of very unusual fleabeetle (genus still undetermined). Unfortunately, the insecti-cide technique stuns not only the beetles in a particular patchof moss but also anything on plants above the moss; thus thereis no way to be certain of the true habitat of this species.

As if the insects weren’t exciting enough, a large terciopelo(fer de lance) paid us an early morning visit. Hugo, SanRamón’s cook and caretaker captured the snake and posedwith it for some rather unconventional mug shots, thenreleased it and chased it into the forest near the station. Wewere impressed not only by Hugo’s snake handling abilities,but also that the policy of biodiversity preservation in CostaRica’s protected areas includes one of the most feared and leastloved animals of the Neotropics.

Our benevolent feelings towards poisonous snakes began towear thin when the same tericopelo returned later in theafternoon. This time Hugo bagged it, closing it up in a sackwhich he put alongside one of the building entry-ways. Thenwe found ourselves in a bit of an impasse. No one particularlywanted to execute the snake, but apparently letting it go wasalso out of the question. As Mike Ivie pointed out, grizzlybears in Yellowstone only get two chances, and they’re a lotmore endangered than terciopelos. So we cast wary eyes at the

bulging sack for two more days each time we entered or leftthe building. Fortunately, the snake did not seem to have anydesire to stage a breakout. The standoff ended when two moreUCR staff came by to check on the station, and carted off thebag-full of snake.

The local terciopelo mob was not quite finished with us.The same afternoon, I went up the access road with several ofthe parataxonomists looking for more leaf beetle activity. Wewere walking along the same roadside vegetation we hadswept every day for the past three days, when Johanna almostbumped into an even larger pit viper. This one was (judgingby the size of the head) about a quarter again as large as ourearlier visitor. Fortunately, the snake was apparently assurprised as we were, and it opted for throwing itself in adefensive coil rather than taking a couldn’t-miss strike atJohanna’s leg. Fortunately also, the snake was on the side ofthe road that sloped down and away from us. On the oppositeside of the road the it would have been cornered against arising embankment, and when a large poisonous snake finds itsretreat cut off, things can get ugly. As it was, we backed awayuntil we were at our maximum throwing range, then lobbedlarge branches and dirt clods in the general direction of theserpent until it became bored with us and took off down intothe river valley.

We returned to INBio on the sixth and spent the last twodays of the scheduled workshop in the collections. Theparataxonomists put their fresh experiences to work andquickly found more specimens of the families we collected inSan Ramón, and together we substantially rearranged theColeoptera part of the collection. Although the buildinghousing the insect and botanical collections is only sevenyears old, the collections have already outgrown the availablespace. INBio is planning to build new facilities across thestreet from its present location, including an entomologybuilding.

Although our group meetings have been both fun andproductive, much of the work from here on will be throughindividual contracts to “clean up” groups within our areas ofexpertise. By the time we had to return to “el Norte”, we wereall enthusiastically planning to INBio another year.

Bob Anderson with Cristina Rojas, Angel Solís, Carlos Viquezand Maylin Paniagua.

John Lawrence, who has been the prime systematist inColeoptera for the last 15 years, retired from the AustralianNational Insect Collection, Canberra, where he worked for 20years, in December 1999. John has mostly been concernedwith superfamilial classification of the old ‘clavicornia’,nevertheless his work has had a significant impact on ‘phy-tophaga’ - especially through the dissemination of the modernclassifications incorporated in the CD-ROM for LarvalColeoptera and the recently produced CD-ROM for AdultColeoptera (launched in December, 1999, and available fromCSIRO Publishing, Melbourne). I was the only student hesupervised for a project on Chrysomelidae, a revision of theAustralian genera of Cryptocephalinae. Almost invariably I

Retirement of John Lawrence, CanberraChris Reid, Sydney

found that my new ‘discoveries’ were already known to him.John was (and is) always impressively open-minded and by nomeans a fundamentalist cladist, simply concerned to find thebest tools to do the job of clearing up classificatory problems.

A special day of seminars was held on 16 December 1999in Canberra, to celebrate the achievements and mark John’sretirement. There were 21 speakers.

Presentations of interest to readers of CHRYSOMELA

included: a review of the diversity of Coleoptera in rainforests,by Simon Grove and Nigel Stork (James Cook University,Cairns), who noted that the best current estimates are for 4.8-6million species of organism, 20% of which are Coleoptera,with Curculionidae the largest family. Rolf Oberpreiler

7CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

(Australian National Insect Collection,Canberra) described the larva of Aporhi-na (Eurhynchinae). He noted theproblem of larval characters in curcu-lionoids - there aren’t many and theytend to be lost (sounds familiar!). WilliKuschel (New Zealand ArthropodCollection, Auckland) showed thatplatypodines are specialised scolytines(which are specialised curculionids), thatis, recognition of the family Platypo-didae renders Scolytinae and Curculion-idae paraphyletic. Vladimir Zherikhin(St Petersburg) brought several criticalfossils of important taxa with him,including Protoscelis, which certainlylooked like an ancestral chrysomeloid tothis viewer. It was generally felt bythose who examined the fossils that theUpper Triassic Obrienidae, described asweevils, had nothing to do with Phy-tophaga. Chris Reid (AustralianMuseum, Sydney) presented results ofthe incorporation of recent discoveries oflarvae of Aulacoscelis, Megascelis andStenomela into his 1995 analysis ofchrysomelid subfamilies. Basically nochange to the proposed classification,except a case was made for elevation ofSpilopyrinae to subfamilial rank.Andrew Calder (ANIC) presented aphylogeny of Australian strongylurinecerambycids. Kendi Davis (AustralianNational University, Canberra) talkedabout the Coleoptera of a large IslandBiogeography experiment set up insouthern New South Wales: from 1985-1991, 57,989 specimens were collectedin pitfalls, of 669 species. They wereable to show that fragmentation led toloss of three species categories: preda-tors, rare species and isolated species.Scholk Louw (Pretoria) discussed thewingfolding structures of chrysomelidelytra and abdomens. To cap off anintensive and exciting day, MarkLonsdale (CSIRO Entomology) showedthe significance of Phytophaga asbiological control agents of weeds.

This symposium will be published ina special issue of the journal Inverte-brate Taxonomy, due out this year.

The day was a fitting tribute to JohnLawrence, whose rigorous morphologi-cal work has stimulated so much workon the classification of Coleoptera inrecent years.

The Parataxonomist Training Center OffersAssistance to Chrysomelid Research in Papua

New Guinea

The Center has the staff of nine experienced parataxonomists who can provideassistance to a variety of research projects:

• Field assistance in expedition-type biological research, includingbiodiversity surveys in any part of Papua New Guinea.

This assistance includes collecting data and specimens, as well as logisticassistance and facilitation of contacts with local landowners and villagers. Theparataxonomists can join any expedition as qualified field assistants with little needfor additional training, and with excellent knowledge of local situation andorganization of biological expeditions in difficult conditions and remote areas.

• Collection of biological data and material according to specific protocols.The parataxonomists can sample chrysomelids (and any other insect taxa) in any

habitat and area of Papua New Guinea, following quantitative sampling protocols(such as pitfall, malaise, light, litter, sticky, intercept etc. traps, canopy fogging,hand-collecting from the foliage or seeds, etc.), as well as sampling qualitatively forfaunistic surveys or to provide diverse material for taxonomic studies. They can alsocarry out long-term, continuous data collecting in the field, e.g. on the populationdynamics of various species, on herbivory, host plant selection, etc.

• Preparation and documentation of biological specimens for museumcollections and databasing of research data.Parataxonomists can prepare museum-quality insect specimens, mount, label

and database them, as well as pre-sort them to morphospecies. Further, thespecimens can be photographically documented, especially the use of digitalphotography.

The Center can provide assistance to field biological research in any part ofPNG, with parataxonomists either joining the collaborating research team in field ororganizing the field trips themselves. This assistance can be particularly effectivearound Madang, where the Center is located. However, the Center cannot provideany accommodation or laboratory space to visiting scientists.

The Center will collaborate only with projects, which have all necessarynational, provincial and landowner permits. Any biological material can be collectedand exported only after the necessary permits have been obtained and voucherspecimens deposited at appropriate PNG institutions. The Center does not supply anybiological specimens intended for further commercial sale.

Visit our www site for more detailed information:

http://www.entu.cas.cz/png/index.html.If you think the Center could be of any assistance to your project, do not

hesitate to contact us.

Contact Address:Dr Vojtech Novotny, Parataxonomist Training Center

P. O. Box 604, Madang, Papua New Guinea,Ph/fax +675 852 1587, E-mail binatangi@datec.com.pg

8 CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

Just before South Africa andMozambique were innundated by thecurrent flooding, I had the privilege ofcollecting in the Provinces of Mapulangaand Kwa-Zulu Natal with my trichopteristcolleagues Karl Kjer and Roger Blahnik ofRutgers University and my (now) husband,David Hunter. As expected, South Africais a real eye opener biologically, withincredible chrysomelid diversity in a smallarea.

We collected in Kruger Park (theNorthern most part of the country) and inthe eastern most province of Kwa-Zulu

Natal, collecting basically in desert anddry forest conditions in the North, to cloudforest, wetlands, and grasslands in KZN.The objectives were to collectOedionychina, specifically Physodactylaand Philopona for my current project, andto collect other Galerucinae (sensu stricto)for a planned project on the phylogeny ofthe Luperini. Karl and Roger were burningthe candle at both ends collectingChrysomelidae by day and Trichoptera bynight.

Dave and I arrived in Pretoria beforeChristmas and visited the TransvaalMuseum in Central Pretoria where thecollection of undetermined Chrysomelidaeis fairly substantial. Curator ChuckBellamy, a Californian, and his staff werevery friendly and helpful. Later at theinstitute of Plant Protection Institute wemet Beth Grobbelaar, a most kind andcordial chrysomelid colleague. Thechrysomelid collection at the PPI is alsothe National Insect Collection and,understandably, contains a larger samplingof South African Chrysomelidae and is

Insect Collecting in South AfricaCatherine N. Duckett, San Juan

beautifully curated. Beth and I felt animmediate rapport which we explored overitalian food in a chic Pretoria restaurantwhich she suggested.

After Pretoria, our next stop wasKruger Park, one of the largest and bestorganized game parks in Africa(and possibly the world). Asthe animals are genuinely wildin Kruger, the administrationonly allows you to decend fromyour vehicle in designatedareas or with an armed ranger/guide present. As I had writtenahead and received permissionto collect and support fromKruger’s scientific services, wewere provided with the servicesof Justin Bowers. Justin, has adegree in conservation managment and isextremely knowlegeable in all aspects ofKruger park botany, geology, vertebratebiology and management. He was alsointerested in learning what he could fromme about Entomology. He was extremelyhelpful in answering my questions aboutvarious trees and shrubs, identifying theplants, and explaining the edaphicconditions that caused the change in plantsor mammalian diversity. This made thetrip much more enjoyable as well asproductive. Indeed, Dave and I werefortunate to have Justin with us.

Kruger park is 350 kmlong with the northen borderbeing almost the northernborder of the country at theLimpopo River andextending South almost toSwaziland. The North is xericand the South a mesic forest.The abundance ofchrysomelids (and game)diminishes as you go North,but the those you do find areextremely interesting;cassidines significantlyoutnumber the othersubfamilies. Beth, Justin andI found a Cassida sp. (possibly new) onSalvatora augustifolia near Sirihni whereBeth spent New Years day with her mom.I found a very interesting Laccoptera sp.on Ipomea. However, the most interesting

item was an observation that Justin and Imade of baboons apparently eating thelarvae of Conchylactaenia sp. fromSolanum paduriforme! This observationmay explain some of the many plants whichhad feeding damage but ‘nobody home.’Even the weevils in the northern part of thepark were interesting, but nowhere inKruger did I find the elusive oedionychines,

Physonychis orother relatedgenera forwhich I waslooking. Ourcollecting wasi n t e r r u p t e dmore than onceby elephantswhich was verycool as well as al i t t l eintimidating.

A f t e rpicking up Karl and Roger in Johannesberg,we went on to the Coast of Kwa-ZuluNatal, stopping at a private game park forsome casual collecting along the way. TheSanta Lucia wetlands (a reported collectingsite of Physodactyla) was our destination.Despite seeing zebra, wildebeast, flyingdung beetles (they look like little tanks),and leopard tracks where we had beencollecting at night, we found fewchrysomelids and only one Physodactylaafter an extremely vigorous search. Afterfour days of rain (and a general lack ofenthusiasm), we headed for the next site.

Our luck totally changed in Eshowe, acoastal cloud forest at about 500 m.elevation. Eshowe is as close to heaven fora chrysomelid worker as I can imagine. Inthe pouring rain we were finding Octotoma

David, Catherine and Beth sample someItalian Cuisine in Pretoria

Karl, Roger, and Catherine enjoy an entomology break-fast in the Santa Lucia wetlands —photo by D. Hunter

Justin looks for elephants whileCatherine nabs some more flea

beetles —photo by D. Hunter

9CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

Obtaining an insect collectingpermit in South Africa is complexand a little confusing, but notdifficult. Under the currentgovernment, each province isresponsible for granting permits onits lands and in provincial parks; thenational park system has its ownpermit, as does Kruger Park . Ifyou want to collect in parks in allprovinces and all the Nationalparks, you will have to apply to 11separate entities. Most of theprovinces require the same type ofinformation so this is not ascomplicated as it sounds. Theentire permit process should takeabout 3 months, which is the timeperiod Western Cape Provincerequires to process a permit. Someprovinces process their permitsmore speedily (e.g. Kwa-Zulu Nataltook only two months) while otherstook up to five months. I had verygood luck getting my permits intime as I spoke to the appropriateofficial by telephone or successfullycontacted them by email.

When I had trouble getting theforms from some less responsiveprovinces, I sent them a letter withall the information that WesternCape and Kwa-Zulu Natal Provinc-es had requested. Additionally, Iwas careful to point out that I woulddeposit any types in South AfricanMuseums and that I was in contactwith Elizabeth Grobbelaar of thePlant Protection Institute in Preto-ria. My permits are still trickling inat this writing (March 1).

The information required asidefrom the standard identifiers (i.e.where, when, and how to contactthe investigator) was degrees

obtained by investigator, passportor other ID number, project title,objectives and motivation of theproject, project sponsor, species tobe collected, South African contactor collaborator, and a statement ofinstitutional endorsement.

I expect that any researcher whocontacts a South African collabora-tor and sends letters to each of theappropriate provincial agencieswith the data above, should be ableto obtain their permits in fourmonths. In our case, chrysomelidworkers Beth Grobbelaar was theobvious choice for a collaborator.(Beth told me later that someprovinces called her to check mycredentials.)

Useful Contact Information

A willing person to help withinformation about the permitprocess is Beth Grobbelaar (email:<vreheg@plant5.agric.za>, phone:+27-12-323-8540, FAX: +27-12-325-6998) at the National InsectCollection, Biosystematics Divi-sion, Pretoria, South Africa. Shewill be able to refer you to therelevant Nature Conservationauthorities in the area you wouldlike to visit. The Museum websiteis: <http://www.arc.agric.za/lnr/institutes/ppri/Biosysdiv.htm>.

General contact informationwas available (may be out-of-service) on the Transvaal Museumwebsite, <www-tm.up.ac.za/coleop/permit.htm>, but may beavailable in the future. TheInstitute of Plant Protection plansto put such information on theirwebsite in the near future (addressabove).

(hispines), Sonchia, and Chosnia(galerucines), and when the sun came outwe were raking in chrysomelids in a littlepatch of protected habitat (200 Ha) in thecenter of town. The diversity of Lema wasastounding. I netted many morphologicallydiverse cassidines ranging from smallCassida and Aspidomorpha to Laccoptera,Acrocassis and a highly vaulted chenopodfeeder that looked like bird poop (neitherBeth nor I could identify it). However, thediversity of all thes u b f a m i l i e scollected was good,especially theGalerucinae andChrysomel inae .And, I found a largeseries ofPhysodactyla, at theroadside less than0.5 km from the hotel in front of the boysschool. The next day, Karl found Philoponaso I was able to relax.

After Eshowe we went South to theUmgeni Valley Nature reserve in Howick,a grasslands area with blasebok, zebra andlots of Physodactyla! I have been able toget female Physodactyla to lay eggs, butnot hatch (probably because of all thetravel). Dave and I returned to Pretoriawhere I tried to collect more larvae andworked with Beth on identifying specimensfrom the trip.

Beth was fantastic to work with, andwe were on the same wave length; bothcoffee fiends. She gave us a great send offwith a traditional South African braai(barbeque) featuring ‘turtles’ (little pattiesof seasoned chicken and liver wrapped incaul fat). Yummm. After we departed, theeggs finally hatched. Beth informs me thatthe larvae appear to be nocturnal but... I amdying to see them!

South Africa is a wonderful place tocollect. The colleagues are great, the parksand reserves are well organized, the roadsystem is good and the plant andchrysomelid diversity are truly amazing. Irecommend it to all.

Acknowledgments: This trip wassupported by NSF grant DEB 9974036and for David’s patience. Special thanksgo to Daniel Pienaar and Justin Bowers ofKruger Park for helping expedite that partof the trip.

The Permit Process in South Africa

Contact Details for the Most Visited Provinces and/or Parks

National Park Service: FAX 53-833-4543, Dr. Mike Knight, phone 53-832-5488;Kruger Park: Dr. Danie Pinaar <dpienaar@parks-sa.co.za>;Western Cape: Mr. Deon Hignett <dhignett@pawc.wcape.gov.za>;Eastern Cape: FAX +27-04-137-37118, Mr. Alan Southwood

<southa@cncpe.ecape.gov.za>; Northern Province: <cites.nprov@pixie.co.za>, Mr. Deon von Wielligh

<s.nprov@pixie.co.za>.

UnsuspectingPhysodactyla

10 CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

Research Activities andInterests (cont. from page 1)

LITERATUREAVAILABLE OR NEEDED

Analysis of Morphological and Ecologi-cal-Geographical Aspects of Biodiversi-ty (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)” usingmore than 150 species of Cryptocephalus.Also, working on Chrysomelidae of theUral and Altai Mountains, mostly alpinespecies. Willing to identify all PalearcticCryptocephalus and Chrysolina.

Giuseppina de Nardis (L’Aquila,Italy) doing research on flea beetle larvae.

H. R. Pajni (Chandigarh, India)working on egg parasitoids of Bruchidaeand their use in biological control.

Ewa Pietrykowska (Lublin, Poland)currently doing research on: morphologyand biology of developmental stages of,generally, Cryptocephalus; some aspectsof physiology (oxygen consumption,duration of the development in variousconditions, etc.), and distribution andoccurrence of Chrysomelidae in south-eastern Poland.

George Poinar (Corvallis, USA)currently working on the ecology ofTimarcha, Galerucella nympheae,fossils, and parasites and pathogens.

Chris Reid (Australian Museum,Sydney, Australia) continues to workand publish on various leaf beetleprojects including: the return of Pel-toschema to Chrysomelinae (fromTrogossitidae), a new chrysomelinegenus (with females that guard theirlarvae), and a key to the Australiangenera of Chrysomelinae.

Duncan Sivell (York, UK) Studyingmetapopulations of Chrysolina graminisalong the River Ouse, near York. Thisbeetle was historically found throughmuch of southern Britain but is now,largely, restricted to just two main sitesin England. The aim of the research is tounderstand the cause of this decline.Dispersal ability, habitat fragmentation,and foodplant chemistry (Tanacetumvulgare) will constitute initial investiga-tions on the project. Would be interestedin any information on Chrysolinagraminis, but particularly on its dispersalability. (Can it fly?)

James M. Sullivan (Hazelwood,USA) maintains an interest in plants andtheir native phytophagous insects.

Arturo L. Teran (Tucumán, Argenti-na) in collaboration with C. D. Johnson,

has completed the study of numerousspecimens of Megacerus (Bruchidae)from Central and northern SouthAmerica.

Gérard Tiberghien (Rennes,France) interested in chrysomelidsystematics (excl. Alticinae), biology(esp. Chrysomelinae, Cryptocephalini,Clytrini), and biogeography of thePalearctic zone (including North Africa)

Hugh D. C. Heron (Escombe, SouthAfrica) requests anything dealing withmimicry involving cassids and coccinel-lids.

Yuri E. Mikhailov (Yekaterinburg,Russia) needs all publications onCryptocephalinae of China publishedafter Gressitt & Kimoto. Has surplus,recent reprints on Chrysomelidae.

H. R. Pajni (Chandigarh, India)needs any papers on Uscana spp.(Trichogrammatidae: Hymenoptera).

Ewa Pietrykowska (Lublin, Poland)needs:

Rupertsberger, M., 1894. Diebiologische Literatur über diekäfer.....Linz:225-271;

Rupertsberger, M., 1880 Biologie derKäfer Europas. Linz, XII, 295pp.

Cox, M. L., 1994. Egg bursters inthe Chrysomelidae with a reviewof...Kluwer, Dordrecht: pp75-100.

Jolivet, P., 1972a. An Interpretationof the Host Plant selected.....Kor. J.Entomol., Seoul, 12(1):21-26;

Jolivet, P., 1972b. Observations surles plantes-hotes de Timarcha...Ann.Soc. Hortic., Paris 112(4):330-332.

Jolivet, P., 1985. Contribution a laBiologie. Cah. Liaison Opie. 19(1):7-10,19(2):7-14.

Jolivet, P., 1986. Contribution a laBiologie. Cah. Liaison Opie. 20(1):17-21;

Jolivet, P., 1987. Contribution a laBiologie. Cah. Liaison Opie. 21(1):21-25.

K. D. Prathapan (Bangalore, India)has original copies of Fauna of BritishIndia on Chrysomelidae (Jacoby 1908,v.1, 534 pp, Maulik 1919 439pp, 1926441pp, and 1935 648pp.; would like toexchange for Gressitt & Kimoto (1961,

1963 1A & 1B 1026pp), Seeno &Wilcox (1982 221pp), and taxonomicliterature on Oriental Alticinae. (Pleasecontact with offer).

J. Gordon Edwards (San Jose,USA) has unidentified material, espe-cially from Central and South America,that he would like identified. Pleasecontact.

Frantisek Kantner (Dubné, CzechRepublic) has a large number of undeter-mined leaf beetles in all subfamilies(including bruchids) from Zimbabwe,Namibia, India, Nepal, China, Malaysia,Turkey, etc.. Would like to find col-leagues willing to identify some of thismaterial (exchange is possible).

Yuri E. Mikhailov (Yekaterinburg,Russia) needs Cryptocephalus andChrysolina from Mediterranean Region(Europe, N. Africa, Asia Minor, NearEast), Iran, China, and Japan. Can offerChrysomelidae (excl. Alticinae) fromRussia and former USSR, includingendemics from Altai, Tuva, etc.

Giuseppina de Nardis (L’Aquila,Italy) would like literature dealing withbiology and ecology of the Alticinae.

S. M. Pappers (Nymegen, TheNetherlands) Galerucella spp. needed,worldwide. Please contact for details.

Zuzana Swigonova (New Brun-swick, USA) wishes to borrow speci-mens of any Trirhabda species fromCentral America.

Arturo L. Teran (Tucumán, Argenti-na) wished to borrow specimens ofBruchidae from Argentina in collectionsof North America and Europe.

SPECIMENSAVAILABLE OR NEEDED

11CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

Macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids, havebeen used in studies of genetic relationships since the 1970’s.The 1980’s experienced a rise in techniques employing DNAand recently direct sequencing of DNA became widely popular.This trend can be observed also in studies of Chrysomelidae(Futuyma and McCafferty 1990, Funk et al. 1995, Farrell 1998,G—mez-Zurita et al 1999, and many others). Moleculartechniques bring a set of information to systematics, indepen-dent from characters in traditional use, which is also valuablein identification of immature stages, sibling species, andgeographic variants, that are often difficult to discriminatemorphologically. For those who want to learn about moleculartechniques there are many sources, each recommending severaltechniques for different taxonomic levels (Miyamoto andCracraft 1991., Hsiao 1994, Hillis et al. 1996, etc.). The degreeof success of DNA extraction and amplification depends on thepreservation technique used and the conditions under which thespecimens were stored. In this communication, we would liketo share some of our experience with preparation and storage ofspecimens to be used in a molecular study. The informationpresented here may be useful to those actively using moleculartechniques, those that are planning to do some in the near or farfuture, or those that are collecting specimens for “molecular”colleagues.

In principle, any specimen can be used for molecular study.Only a minute amount of material is needed (we are using just1-2 legs) leaving the rest of the specimen intact for other (say,morphological) study. It is common knowledge that the bestway to preserve newly collected insects for molecular study isby freezing them in -20 degrees (celsius). However, in the fieldthis is basically impossible. A simple, yet efficient, fieldtechnique is to preserve freshly collected clean specimens in100-95% alcohol and freeze or refrigerate them upon return toa laboratory or field station. DNA can be obtained from thosepreserved in 70% ethanol depending on the age of the speci-mens and how they have been treated. In our experience,extraction from specimens (including larvae and eggs) whichhad been kept in 70% ethanol at room temperature for 6months presented no trouble. Our colleagues (K. Kjer, R.Blahnik, and F. Carle) recovered DNA with moderate difficultyfrom aquatic insects kept in 70% ethanol at room temperaturefor up to 25 years.

DNA can be obtained also from dried specimens. We hadlittle trouble obtaining DNA from specimens which were driedimmediately after death and were less than 5 years old. Weobtained DNA from several 25 year old dried specimens byusing modified regular extraction procedures (Sambruk, 1989)such as extended incubation of the tissue samples with proteinkinase followed with some extra effort in using polymerasechain reaction (PCR) at different temperatures and amplifyingshorter pieces of DNA (ca. 300 nucleotides).

In summary, we recommend that newly collected specimensbe kept in 95% ethanol and subsequently refrigerated at -20degrees. For specimens stored in 70% alcohol, a change ofalcohol to 95% and subsequent refrigeration of the specimenmay extend the utility of the specimen for DNA extraction. Wealso recommend that dry specimens be kept in airtight cases witha desiccant and insecticide repellent, and occasionally frozen at -20 degrees (celsius) to prevent contamination of specimen’sDNA from pest’s DNA (fungi, dermestids, psocoptera etc.).

Recovery of DNA from specimens up to 20 years oldrequires extra time and effort on the part of the investigator andtherefore, with the exception of very rare species or morphs, werecommend the collection of fresh specimens.

References: Farrell, B. D. 1998. “Inordinate Fondness” Explained:

Why there are so many beetles. Science. 281: 555-559. Futuyma, D. J. and S. S. McCafferty. 1990. Phylogeny

and the evolution of host plant association in the leaf beetlegenus Ophraella (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Evolution.44(8):1885-1913.

Funk, D. J., D. J. Futuyma, G. Orti, and A. Meyer.1995. A history of host associations and evolutionary diversifi-cation for Ophraella (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): newevidence from mitochondrial DNA. Evolution. 49(5):1008-1017.

Hillis, D. M., C. Moritz, and B. K. Mable. 1996. Molec-ular systematics 2nd ed.,. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland,Massachusetts, U.S.A.

Hsiao, T. H. 1994. Molecular techniques for studyingsystematics and phylogeny of Chrysomelidae. In: P. H. Jolivet,M. L. Cox, and E. Petitpierre (eds.), Novel aspects of thebiology of Chrysomelidae, pp. 237-248. Kluwer AcademicPublishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

Miyamoto, M. M. and J. Cracraft. 1991. Phylogeneticanalysis of DNA sequences. Oxford Univ. Press, New York.

G—mez-Zurita J., Garin, C.F., Juan, C. and Petitpi-erre, E. 1999. Mitochondrial 16SrDNA sequences and their useas phylogenetic markers in leaf beetles with special referenceto the subfamily Chrysomelinae. In: M. L. Cox, Ed, Advancesin Chrysomelidae Biology 1, pp 25-38. Backhuys Publishers,Leiden, The Netherlands.

Sambrook, J., E. F. Fritsch, and T. Maniatis. 1989.Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd ed. Cold SpringHarbor, New York.

Acknowledgments:We thank Roger Blanik, Frank Carle and Karl Kjer for sharingtheir copious knowledge of successful amplification of DNA.We also thank Luciano Azevedo Moura, Ting Hsiao and EdRiley for providing us with specimens used for this communi-cation. This study was made possible in part by NSF grantsDEB 97-07544 to CND and DEB 96-32879 to K.M. Kjer.

Preservation of Chrysomelidaefor Molecular Study

Catherine N. Duckett, San Juan& Zuzana Swigonova, New Brunswick

12 CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

Formal Oral PresentationsFriday, 25 August 2000

Charles, E. (Panama)Vertical stratification of Chrysomelid fauna in Panama

Duckett, C. & K. M. Kjer (USA)Phylogenies of the Oedionychina

Flowers, R. W. (Costa Rica) and P. E. Hansen (USA)The diversity of the Chrysomelidae fauna in Costa Rica:Insights from a Malaise trapline

Furth, D. (USA)Alticinae diversity in Costa Rica

Garneria, I, C. Juan, and Petitpierre, E. (Spain)Molecular phylogeny of the genus Cyrtonus (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae).

Hawkeswood, T. (Australia)General biology, host-plant relationships and ecology andevolution of the Australian Chrysomelidae, with particularreference to the Chrysomelinae, Hispinae and Cassidinae

Jerez, V. (Chile)Phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Procalus(Clark) (Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)

Jolivet, P. (France)Subaquatic Chrysomelidae

Macedo, M. V. and R. Goncalves (Brazil)Polymorphism in a Cassidinae species

Meiners, Torsten and Monika Hilker (Germany)Chemical signaling between a host plant and egg parasitoid of a

galerucine leaf beetle

Mueller, Caroline and Monika Hilker (Germany)The abdominal shields of Tansy feeding Cassidine species-—Defense versus attraction

Pasteels, J. (Belgium), D. Windsor (USA/Panama), D.Daloze (Belgium), J. Braekman (Belgium), and T.Hartmann (Germany)Chemical defense in Neotropical Leaf Beetles

Fifth International Symposium on the Chrysomelidae(Pierre Jolivet Chrysomelid Symposium)

ICE Satellite EventIguacu, Brazil—25-27 August 2000

David G. Furth, WashingtonProgram (List of Participants and Titles)

Sprecher, Eva (Switzerland) Nepal as a center of speciation for Himalayan Chrysomelid fauna

Suzuki, K. (Japan)Systematic position of the subfamilies Megapodinae andMegascelinae (Chrysomelidae) based on the comparativemorphology of the internal reproductive system

Vasconcellos-Neto, J. (Brazil), D. Windsor (USA), Z. J.Buzzi (Brazil) & V. Rodriguez (Brazil) [poster]Systematic position of two polymorphic species of Chelymor-pha Boh. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)

Verdyck, P. (Belgium)Genetic patterns in phytophagous beetles of the GalapagosArchipelago.

Vig, K. (Hungary)The Leaf Beetle fauna of the Carpathian Basin: What do wereally know? Historical background and perspectives.

Wagner, T. (Germany)Phylogeny and biogeography of Afrotropical Monoleptaand related taxa

Informal Presentations & PostersSaturday, 26 August 2000

Saturday, 26 August 2000Jerez, V. (Chile)[poster]

Interspecific differentiation in eggs and larvae of Procalus(Chrysomelidae: Alticinae)

Sa, F. (Brazil) [posters]Biological data and population abundance of three species of

Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in a Braziliantropical forest.

Influence of natural enemies in the populations of two Stolainispecies (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) in aBrazilian tropical forest.

Frieiro-Costa, F. A. & J. Vasconcellos-Neto (Brazil) [poster]Biological and ecological studies on Omaspides tricolorata

Boheman 1854 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae)

Field TripSunday, 27 August 2000

Location to be announced

13CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

Literature onthe Chrysomelidae

Aslan, I. 1998. Faunistic and systematicstudies on the subfamily Galerucinae(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Erzurumprovinces. Türk. Entomol. Derg.22(4):285-298, 2 figs.

Aslan, I., B. Gruev and H. Ozbek.1999. A Preliminary Review of theSubfamily Alticinae (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae) in Turkey. Turkey J.Zool. 23:373-414.

Aslan, I. and H. Ozbek. 1999. Faunis-tic and Systematic Studies on theSubfamily Chrysomelinae (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae) in Artvin, Erzincan andErzurum Provinces of Turkey. Turkey J.Zool. 23(3):751-767, 1 (33) fig(s).

Barbosa, M., C. R. Fonseca and J. A.Guerra. 1999. Occurrence of Spaethiel-la coccinea Boheman (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae, Hispinae) on Theobromagrandiflorum [Willdenow ex Sprengel]Schumman, (Sterculiaceae), in Manaus,Amazonas, Brazil. Acta Amazonica29(2):313-317, 6 figs.

Beenen, R. 1999. Revisional notes onGaleruca 1 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae).Ent. Bl. 95(2-3):85-92, 2 figs.

Bezdek, J. 1998. Monolepta anatolicasp.n. - a new species of leaf beetle(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galeruci-nae) from Turkey. Klapalekiana 34:149-152, 8 figs.

Bienkowski, A. O. 1998. Morphologyand systematics of larvae of someChrysolina species (Insecta: Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae). Entomol. Abh 58(4):73-82, 18 figs.

Biondi, M. and G. D. Nardis. 1998.Descrizione della larva di primo stadio diLongitarsus minimus e L. pratensis(Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) (*). Fragm.Entomol. 30(2):261-270, 18 figs.

Bontems, C. 1999. Chrysochloapeneaui David, insecte mythique? Bull.Soc. Entomol. Fr. 104(4):393-398, 1 fig.

Bontems, C. 1999. L’énigme de lassubdivision des Oreina selon Motschul-sky (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Bull.Soc. Entomol. Fr. 104(3):267-274, 2 figs.

Borowiec, L. 1998. Agroiconotajudaica (Fabricius, 1781 and A. inedita(Boheman, 1855) - distinct species(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae).Genus 9(3):387-393, 10 figs.

Borowiec, L. 1998. Echoma anaglypta(Boheman, 1862) and E. anaglyptoides n.sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidi-nae). Genus 9(3):375-385, 7 figs.

Borowiec, L. 1998. Four new species ofAslamidium Borowiec, with descriptionof Neoaslamidium new subgenus(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Hispinae).Genus 9(3):367-374, 8 figs.

Borowiec, L. 1999. Cassida kinabalu-ensis n. sp. from Sabah, Malaysia(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae).Serangga 4(1):1-5, 7 figs.

Borowiec, L. 1999. Four new species ofCyrtonota Chevrolat (Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae). Genus10(1):89-101, 28 figs.

Borowiec, L. 1999. A new species ofNotosacantha Chevrolat from Sulawesi,Indonesia (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae:Cassidinae). Serangga 4(1):7-10, 3 figs.

Borowiec, L. and J. Swietojanska.1999. A new species of NotoscanthaChevrolat from Sabah, Malaysia (Co-leoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae).Serangga 4(2):185-188, 4 figs.

Bourdonné, J.-C. 1999. Les types deChrysomela de Suffrian appartenant ausour-genre Maenadochrysa Bechyné1950 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae).Nouv. Revue Ent. (N. S.) 16(1):27-58,108 figs., 3 tabs.

Broughton, S. 1999. Field determina-tion of larval instar for the lantana leaf-mining beetles Octotoma scabripennisGuérin-Méneville and Uroplata girardiPic (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: His-pinae). Aust. J. Ento. 38:229-233, 3 figs.,4 tabs.

Clarke, A. R. 1998. Day-degreeestimates for the immature stages of theTasmanian eucalyptus leaf beetleChrysophtharta bimaculata (Olivier)(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Austral.Entomolo. 25(3):77-80, 1 fig.

Doeberl, M. 1998. Beitrag zur Kenntnisder Alticinen der Orientalischen Region(Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticinae).Entomol. Bl. Biol. Syst. Kaeffer (94):3,23 figs.

Duckett, C. N. and S. Moyá. 1999. Anew species of Ptocadica Harold(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Alticini)from Costa Rica and Panamá. Coleopts.Bull. 53(4):311-319, 4 figs.

Duhaldeborde, F. 1999. Description deCryptocephalus (s. str.) bameuli n. sp.,nouvelle espéce paléarctique a largerépartition géographique (Coleoptera,Chrysomelidae). Nouv. Revue Ent. (N.S.) 16(2):123-135, 19 figs.

Erber, D. and L. Medvedev. 1999.Towards taxonomy of the genus Smarag-dina Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomel-idae: Clytrinae), with descriptions of newtaxa from Asia. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk.Ser. A 106:1-10, 31 figs.

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14 CHRYSOMELA nos. 38/39, April 2000

leoptera, Chrysomelidae) Inferred fromMitochondrial COII Gene and Partial 16SrDNA Sequences. Mol. Phylogen. Evol.14(2):304-317, 5 figs., 3 tabs.

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