ciao cal workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · hlm— ea & contamination /29 chandra ciao/cal...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Effective AreasHerman L. Marshall
Nov. 17, 2014
1
![Page 2: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Effective Area Overview• Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)
• Two mirror bounces (RIr2)
• Grating Dispersion Efficiency (TTG)
• ACIS/HRC Optical Blocking Filter (TAl * Tlexan)
• ACIS detector quantum efficiency (TcontamQACIS) • Absorption by SiO2 dead layer, gate structure (FI) • Interaction probability in 1 micron thick Si
• HRC detector quantum efficiency (QHRC) • Result: Aeff = Ag RIr2 [TTG ]TAl Tlexan [QACIS ][QHRC] • Also: HRMA overlayer, PSF, OSIP, chip gaps, bad pixels
2
![Page 3: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Mirror Reflectivity (CXRO)
3
http://henke.lbl.gov/optical_constants/
![Page 4: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Mirror Reflectivity (CXRO)
3
http://henke.lbl.gov/optical_constants/
![Page 5: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
HRMA Calibration• Measured at MSFC
• Calibrated SSD and Prop. counters used
• Emission line source with various materials
• Empirical correction needed, still not understood
• See POG for details
4
![Page 6: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
ACIS EA (with contamination)
5
![Page 7: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
ACIS EA (with contamination)
5
Ir-M
Si-K
Al-K
F-K
O-KC
-K
![Page 8: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
HETG Schematic• Two types of gratings on HETGS
• Au bars stand on plating base, on polyimide
6
![Page 9: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
HETGS Effective Area
7
![Page 10: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
HETGS Effective Area
7
Ir-M
Si-K
F-K
O-K Au
-M
Chi
p G
ap
![Page 11: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Internal Cross-cal of HETGS
8
![Page 12: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
HRC Effective Area
9
![Page 13: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
HRC Effective Area
9
Ir-M
Al-K
Cs-
L
N-K O
-K
C-K
Cs-
L
I-L
I-L
![Page 14: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Cross-Cal with XMM
10
![Page 15: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop11
IACHEC: International Astronomical
Consortium for High Energy Calibration
Defining High Energy Calibration Standards
and Procedures
![Page 16: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
IACHEC
12
• Annual international meetings• Started by 2 largest X-ray groups (Chandra & XMM)• First meeting in Iceland in 2006• Support comes from projects (XMM, Suzaku, etc.)• Next meeting: Beijing, PRC
• Meetings involve reports and working groups• All major X- & gamma-ray missions represented• 35-45 attendees/meeting, 70% give talks• 9 papers published (2008-14), several in progress• URL: http://web.mit.edu/iachec/ with Wiki
![Page 17: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
What IACHEC Does• Reviews ground calibration plans for new missions
• Previous meetings: NuSTAR, Swift, • This year: Astro-H, eROSITA
• Reviews flight calibration plans and results• Investigate optics and detector physics• Examine methods, systematic errors
• Define new calibration standards• Characterize sources physically• Compare & publish results from different missions
• Arrange coordinated observations• Consider infrastructure: statistics, archives
13
![Page 18: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Cross-Cal with 1E0102
14
![Page 19: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ContaminationHerman L. Marshall
Nov. 17, 2014
15
![Page 20: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Contamination Overview• 1999: Chandra Launch!• 2000: Anomalous C-K edge — LETG only?!• 2001: Contaminant thickens!• 2002: Composition determined (COF), edge
NEXAFS indicates C-C single bonding!• 2003: Spatial variation found: thin at FoV
center!• 2004: Fluffium invented as LETG/ACIS and
cal source disagree; new model released!• 2010: Deposition accelerates, Gaussium
replaces fluffium16
![Page 21: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
The Anomalous C-K Edge
173/00
![Page 22: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
ACIS External Cal Source
18
700e
V / 5
.9ke
V
![Page 23: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
The Model
19
NC/NO = 12NC/NF = 14
![Page 24: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
The Model
19
NC/NO = 12NC/NF = 14
![Page 25: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop20
![Page 26: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
As it is now…m = +1m = +1
21
![Page 27: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
As it is now…m = +1m = +1m = -1
21
![Page 28: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Cluster Measurements
22
![Page 29: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Spatial Variation
23
Row
Optical Depth
at 700 eV
Bottom half Top half
![Page 30: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Composition Changes
24
![Page 31: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Constant Fluorine/Carbon
25
![Page 32: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
ACIS Fits to 1E0102
26
Ne
X
Ne
IX
O V
IIIO
VII
![Page 33: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
ACIS Fits to 1E0102
26
Ne
X
Ne
IX
O V
IIIO
VII
![Page 34: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
1E0102 Line Fluxes
27
![Page 35: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
1E0102 Line Fluxes
27
![Page 36: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Possible Edge Residuals
Overcorrected Edges
28
![Page 37: ciao cal Workshop - cxc.cfa.harvard.edu · HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop Effective Area Overview • Geometric Area (entrance annuli - strut area = Ag)](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022043017/5f39db68ae5c671707489f4f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
HLM— EA & Contamination /29 Chandra ciao/cal Workshop
Contamination Summary• It is mostly made of C, smattering of F & O
• Origin is unknown, composition doesn’t match any on-board substance
• About the same on ACIS-I and ACIS-S
• Thicker at detector edges
• Optical depth at 700 eV is now about 1.5 and climbing
• Effect at 1 keV is noticeable
• Time dependence is not predictable
• Model is not completely physical
• Uncertainties in exact shape of correction remain29