cipanp 2006k. filimonov, uc berkeley from amanda to icecube: neutrino astronomy at the south pole...
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CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
From AMANDA to IceCube: Neutrino Astronomy at the
South Pole
Kirill Filimonov University of California, Berkeley
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
USA: Bartol Research Institute University of Alabama Pennsylvania State University University of California –
Berkeley University of California – Irvine Clark-Atlanta University University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Study University of Wisconsin-Madison University of Wisconsin-River
Falls Lawrence Berkeley National Lab University of Kansas Southern University and A&M
College
Sweden: Uppsala Universitet Stockholm Universitet
In March 2005, AMANDA merged into the IceCube collaboration
UK: Imperial College Oxford University
Netherlands: Utrecht University Belgium:
Université Libre de Bruxelles Vrije Universiteit Brussel Universiteit Gent Université de Mons-Hainaut
Germany: Humboldt Universität Universität Mainz DESY-Zeuthen MPIfK Heidelberg Universität Dortmund Universität Wuppertal Universität Berlin
Japan: Chiba University
New Zealand: University of
Canterbury
The IceCube Collaboration
Antarctica: Amundsen Scott South Pole
Station
The IceCube Collaboration250 scientists from 30 Institutions
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Why Neutrino Astronomy?
100 TeV photons travel ~10 Mpc 1 PeV photons travel 10’s of kpc
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Neutrino Detection
• Track length: O(1 km)• Pointing Resolution: AMANDA ~ 1.5° - 2.5°, IceCube < 1°
• Energy Resolution: AMANDA ~ 0.3 - 0.4, IceCube < 0.3 in log(E)
e,, e,,
Z N N
• “Point” sources: O(10 m) • Pointing Resolution:
AMANDA ~ 30° - 40°• Energy Resolution:
AMANDA ~ 0.1 - 0.2 in log(E)
WN N
e, e, WN N
Upgoing tracks () Cascades (e CC, e NC)
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
AMANDA Status
South South PolePole DomeDome
Summer campSummer campAMANDAAMANDA
Road to Road to workwork
1500 1500 mm
2000 m2000 m
[not to scale][not to scale]
IceCube
IceCube
SkiwaySkiway
Operation 2000-Present (Current Configuration)Operation 2000-Present (Current Configuration)
19 strings, 677 Optical ModulesDiameter of ~200m, height 500m
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
1. [ 3]MACRO x
2. 10 AMANDA B (1997) [ 3]x
3. - 10 AMANDA B UHE(1997)
4. - AMANDA II cascades(2000)
5. 1998-Baikal cascades2002
6. - AMANDA II - analysis(2000) [ 3]x
7. - AMANDA II UHE sensitivity
8. AMANDA - analysis(2000-2003) sensitivity[ 3]x
!Preliminary
Diffuse Neutrino Flux Limits
No astrophysical neutrinos observed: need bigger detector
1:1:1n flavor ratio
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Search for Point-Like Sources
AMANDA II preliminary data from 2000-2004 (1001 live
days)4282 from northern hemisphereSignificance map
24h 0h
15o
30o
45o
60o75o
-3
-2
-1
0
12
3
Randomized (time scrambled) data
24h 0h
15o
30o
45o
60o75o
-3
-2
-1
0
12
3
No significant excess found
1ES 1959+650
Crab NebulaMarkarian 501
sourcenr. of n events
(5 years)
expectedbackground
(5 years)
flux upper limit F90%(En>10 GeV)
[10-8cm-2s-1]
Markarian 501 8 6.39 0.85
1ES1959+650 5 4.77 0.78
Crab Nebula 10 6.74 1.01
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Other AMANDA Results• GRB signal search (time and direction from satellites)• Atmospheric neutrinos• Cosmic ray muon spectrum• Dark Matter search (WIMP annihilation in Earth or Sun)• Supernova (galactic) monitoring
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
AMANDA500 m
Only IceToptank
InIce string& IceTop
AMANDA-IIIceCube
IceTop
IceCube: km3 Detector
AMANDA-II: 2000-...• 677 OMs on 19 strings
IceCube: 2005-…• InIce Array: 4800 DOMs, 80 strings
– 1450-2450 m deep– 17 m spacing– 125 m hexagonal grid
• Feb 2006: 9 strings deployed• Surface Array: 320 IceTop DOMs
- 80 pairs of surface frozen water tanks
• Feb 2006: 32 tanks deployed
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
View of the Drilling Site
Hose Reel
Drill Tower
IceTop Tanks
5MW Hot Water Generator
Drilling
ICECUBE2450 m
AMANDA
TIME (hours) 0 24 48 72 96 120 144
DE
PT
H (
met
ers)
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
IceTop Tanks
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
“Standard Candle”Light Calibration Source
• Nitrogen (337 nm) pulsed (4ns) laser
• Cone reflected• Pointing-up• 0.5-50 PeV ne
cascade equiv.
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Event samples in 9 strings
IceTop-InIce Event Downgoing Muon Event Upgoing Neutrino Event
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Summary/Conclusions
• 1st km3 neutrino detector is becoming a reality
• Successful drilling/deployment– 4 days/string– survival upon freeze-in: 99%
• 14 strings/year are projected to be deployed
• Completion of IceCube construction in 2011
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Backups
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley33 cm Benthosphere
25 cm PMT
75 ns delay board
main board
LED flasher board
HV PMT base
HV generator
Digital Optical Module
4W
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Simulated Event Signatures in IceCube
10 PeV
(500 m track)375 TeV e6 PeV
+N ® t+X
®+ X
CIPANP 2006 K. Filimonov, UC Berkeley
Diffuse neutrino flux limits