circular economy model for water and …
TRANSCRIPT
CIRCULAR ECONOMY MODEL FOR WATER AND WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT
John Ngoni Zvimba
UJ – MONTIPILIER WORKSHOP: NEW FRONTIERS IN SEPARATION PROCESSES & MEMBRANE DEVELOPMENT
17 – 19 July 2019
RETHINKING THE WATER VALUE CHAIN
Sludge to landfill
Sludge to landfill
Linear approach - Water and wastewater business cycle
(Waste)Water • Resource• Input• Product• Driver for
innovation
• 98% of all water resources already allocated
• Non‐revenue water is 36% on average ~R7 billion / year
• Ongoing water quality challenges
• By 2030 demand will outstrip supply by 17%
• 98% of all water resources already allocated
• Non‐revenue water is 36% on average ~R7 billion / year
• Ongoing water quality challenges
• By 2030 demand will outstrip supply by 17%
CIRCULAR ECONOMY MODEL FOR THE WATER SECTOR
• Harnessing industrialization drive and adoption of new business models to deliver added benefits e.g.:
• Extract maximum value from water/wastewater resources and prevent unnecessary waste from going to landfill
• Drive greater productivity/efficiency
• Provide stimulus to the local economy through new products/services & create jobs
• Minimize our impact on the environment
Glob
al challeng
es
A CIRCULAR PERSPECTIVE ON WATER MANAGEMENT
• Use of tech innovations or management models to:
• keep water free of contaminants• balance supply and demand• Promote sustainable water use /
efficiency
• Water abstraction rate does not exceed renewal rate
• Maximizing the value of existing water infrastructure by increasing utilization and ensuring better recovery of products
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Water‐smart circular economy
Reliable & resilient water
utilities
Thriving cities
Competitive water industry
Sustainable water use
Social and economic inclusion
Healthy water resources
Glob
al challeng
es
A Circular Perspective on Water Management
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Water‐smart circular economy
Reliable & resilient water
utilities
Thriving cities
Competitive water industry
Sustainable water use
Social and economic inclusion
Healthy water resources
• Shift from linear to circular business models• Diversifying water sources• Risk governance
Glob
al challeng
es
A Circular Perspective on Water Management
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Water‐smart circular economy
Reliable & resilient water
utilities
Thriving cities
Competitive water industry
Sustainable water use
Social and economic inclusion
Healthy water resources
• Shift from linear to circular business models• Diversifying water sources• Risk governance
• Water sensitive design• Smart water management• Green economic hubs
Glob
al challeng
es
A Circular Perspective on Water Management
7
Water‐smart circular economy
Reliable & resilient water
utilities
Thriving cities
Competitive water industry
Sustainable water use
Social and economic inclusion
Healthy water resources
• Shift from linear to circular business models• Diversifying water sources• Risk governance
• Water sensitive design• Smart water management• Green economic hubs
• Innovating for efficiency• Forming partnerships for
impact/value creation• Creating & maintaining
skills
Glob
al challeng
es
A Circular Perspective on Water Management
8
Water‐smart circular economy
Reliable & resilient water
utilities
Thriving cities
Competitive water industry
Sustainable water use
Social and economic inclusion
Healthy water resources
• Shift from linear to circular business models• Diversifying water sources• Risk governance
• Water sensitive design• Smart water management• Green economic hubs
• Innovating for efficiency• Forming partnerships for
impact/value creation• Creating & maintaining
skills
• Water efficiency• Water reuse
Glob
al challeng
es
A CIRCULAR PERSPECTIVE ON WATER MANAGEMENT
9
Water‐smart circular economy
Reliable & resilient water
utilities
Thriving cities
Competitive water industry
Sustainable water use
Social and economic inclusion
Healthy water resources
• Shift from linear to circular business models• Diversifying water sources• Risk governance
• Water sensitive design• Smart water management• Green economic hubs
• Innovating for efficiency• Forming partnerships for
impact/value creation• Creating & maintaining
skills
• Water efficiency• Water reuse
• Making water affordable
• Improving access• Addressing
poverty & unemployment
Glob
al challeng
es
A CIRCULAR PERSPECTIVE ON WATER MANAGEMENT
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Water‐smart circular economy
Reliable & resilient water
utilities
Thriving cities
Competitive water industry
Sustainable water use
Social and economic inclusion
Healthy water resources
• Shift from linear to circular business models• Diversifying water sources• Risk governance
• Water sensitive design• Smart water management• Green economic hubs
• Innovating for efficiency• Forming partnerships for
impact/value creation• Creating & maintaining
skills
• Water efficiency• Water reuse
• Making water affordable
• Improving access• Addressing
poverty & unemployment
• Product recovery & recycling
• Innovative investment frameworks for water quality management
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RETHINKING THE WATER VALUE CHAIN – SMART UTILITIES
Glob
al challeng
es
Smart water technologies• Smart water Meters• Smart Valves• Smart Pipes• Smart water Quality meters• Smart Pumps• Smart water Analytics• DSS
• Customer• water use patterns • leak detection
• Utility• Leak detection• Demand management• Customer engagement• Water quality management• Supply system management
• Regulation• Price control• Monitoring provision of
services
EXAMPLE – WATER TREATMENT SLUDGE MANAGEMENT
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Glob
al challeng
es
• About 405 000 ton dry
solids/annum of
WTR is produced in
SA
• If 50% of the alum in the sludge is recovered and
reused ~ R 5.5m savings per annum per plant.
WTR
Stored onsite
Recovery of products
Beneficial uses
Disposal at landfill
MANAGING WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS
137% (60 out 824) WWTPs are functioning well
POLLUTED RIVERColiforms 3 500 000 per 100 mLFaecal coliforms 790 000 per 100 mL
Glob
al challeng
es
CATALYSING WWTPS INTO WASTE RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITIES
90%of waste generated in South Africa continues to be sent to landfill for disposal
Waste management facilities in SA• 82% landfills
• 11%Wastewater treatment plants
• 7%Recovery centres
• Waste economy currently at R15b and provides 29 833 jobs, and 100% recycling can unlock R17bworth of resources/products
Sludge to landfill
Sludge to landfill
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SANITATION CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Old Sanitation ‐ Shifting Waste and Pollution with Incomplete Treatment
Next Generation Sanitation
Glob
al challeng
es
HARNESSING THE CIRCULAR MODEL
• 824 WWTWs generate sludge
• Beneficial uses of sludge
• 108WWTWs have anaerobic digesters
• Energy generation potential
• Resource recovery centres
• Potential for water reclamation • Still a few water reuse plants in SA
BIOGAS POTENTIAL FROM ANAEROBIC DIGESTERS
Max Ave Total
Biogas produced, m3/d 22 288 1 970 282 671
Thermal power at 23 MJ/m3, kWt
6 003 535 77 099
Electrical power at 36% eff, kWe
2 161 193 27 757
Electrical energy per day, kWh/d
51 865 4 925 657 765
Elec. energy cost per year at R0.60/kWh, R/a
3 539 321 1 077 482 143 942 502
60 ‐ 80% of the electricity can be offset by the electricity generated at the biogas plant
TT681
CATALYSING WWTPs INTO RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITIES
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Polymeric Carbon Solid (PCS)TM Technology To water
reclamation plant
TT752
WATER RECOVERY AND REUSE
Formal usage of reclaimed water includes:
Potable (drinking water, either supplied directly or blended with raw water)AgriculturalIndustrial non-potable (reuse of treated wastewater or reuse of wastewater onsite)Domestic non-potable (fill swimming pools, toilet flushing, garden watering, car washing)Groundwater recharge (recharge of aquifers) e.g. Atlantis Managed Aquifer Recharge SchemeReturn to rivers – indirect reuse
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EXAMPLES OF RECENT AND PLANNED WATER REUSE PROJECTS
LOCATION Mℓ/d END USE MAIN PROCESS STATUSMossel Bay 5 Direct industrial BWRO, UF Implemented (zero prod)
George 10 Indirect potable UF Implemented (zero prod)
Beaufort West 2,3 Direct potable RO, AOP Implemented (1.2 ML/day)
Frasers WWTW 12 Direct potable UF, ROImplemented (1.5 - 6
ML/day)
Emalahleni WRP 30 Direct potable Implemented
Optimum Coal WRP 15 Direct potable UF, RO Implemented
City of Cape Town 20 Potential reuse MBR Under construction
Port Elizabeth (NMBM) 45 Industrial reuse MBR Feasibility and Tender
Hermanus (Overberg) 5 Direct potable Multi-barrier Feasibility and Tender
INNOVATION AS ACCELERATOR FOR ADOPTING CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRINCIPLES IN THE WASTEWATER SECTOR
Rethinking the water and sanitation value chain
Fostering innovation & beneficial partnership with communities
Creating new business models & jobs
Developing new skills & community investments
Reducing the carbon foot print
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For full text reports: www.wrc.org.za
Siyabonga