circular motion
DESCRIPTION
Circular Motion. Kinematics of Uniform Circular Motion (Description of Uniform Circular Motion) Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion (Why does a particle move in a circle?). Reading Question. Reviewing for the exam I have spent. Zero hours ½ hour 1 hour 1 ½ hours 2 hours 2 ½ hours - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Circular Motion
Kinematics of Uniform Circular Motion(Description of Uniform Circular Motion)
Dynamics of Uniform Circular Motion(Why does a particle move in a circle?)
Reading Question
Reviewing for the exam I have spent
1. Zero hours2. ½ hour3. 1 hour4. 1 ½ hours5. 2 hours6. 2 ½ hours7. 3 or more hours
Reading Question
1. x- and y-axes. 2. x-, y-, and z-axes.3. x- and z-axes.4. r-, t-, and z-axes.
Circular motion is best analyzed in a coordinate system with
Reading Question
1. x- and y-axes. 2. x-, y-, and z-axes.3. x- and z-axes.4. r-, t-, and z-axes.
Circular motion is best analyzed in a coordinate system with
Reading Question
1. the circular weight.2. the angular velocity.3. the circular velocity.4. the centripetal acceleration.
The quantity with the symbol w is called
Reading Question
1. the circular weight.2. the angular velocity.3. the circular velocity.4. the centripetal acceleration.
The quantity with the symbol w is called
Reading Question
1. points toward the center of the circle.2. points toward the outside of the circle.3. is tangent to the circle.4. is zero.
For uniform circular motion, the net force
Reading Question
1. points toward the center of the circle.2. points toward the outside of the circle.3. is tangent to the circle.4. is zero.
For uniform circular motion, the net force
Circular Motion
Uniform circular motion is a particle moving at constant speed in a circle.
Circular Motion
Is the velocity changing?
Yes, changing in direction but not in magnitude.
Is the speed changing?
The period is defined as the time to make one complete revolution
T
rv
2
period
cecircuferen
Circular Motion
The angle q is the angular position.
How do we describe the position of the particle?
Again q is defined to be positive in the counter-clock-wise direction.
r
sradians )(
Angles are usually measured in radians.
s is arc length.
r is the radius of the circle.
Circular MotionRadians
For a full circle.
r
sradians )(
rad22
r
r
r
sfullcircle
rad23601 0 rev
rad2
360rad1rad1
0
rs
Circular MotionAngular velocity
The angular displacement is
if
if
if
ttt
Average angular velocity
dt
d
tt
0
limit
Instantaneous angular velocityWe will worry about the direction later.
Like one dimensional motion +- will do. Positive angular velocity is counter-clock=wise.
Circular MotionCoordinate System
Circular MotionSo, is there an acceleration?
Circular MotionSo, is there an acceleration?
Student Workbook
Student Workbook
Student Workbook
Student Workbook
bankF
w
T a
Student Workbook
engineF
w
dragliftF ,
side of plane
w
bankF
liftF
Which way is the plane turning?
To the left
Circular Motion
So, is there an acceleration? Yes
rv
a2
directed toward the center of curvature (center of circle)
Class QuestionsA particle moves cw around a circle at constant speed for 2.0 s. It then reverses direction and moves ccw at half the original speed until it has traveled through the same angle. Which is the particle’s angle-versus-time graph?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Class QuestionsA particle moves cw around a circle at constant speed for 2.0 s. It then reverses direction and moves ccw at half the original speed until it has traveled through the same angle. Which is the particle’s angle-versus-time graph?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Class Questions
1. (ar)b > (ar)e > (ar)a > (ar)d > (ar)c
2. (ar)b = (ar)e > (ar)a = (ar)c > (ar)d
3. (ar)b > (ar)a = (ar)c = (ar)e > (ar)d
4. (ar)b > (ar)a = (ar)a > (ar)e > (ar)d
5. (ar)b > (ar)e > (ar)a = (ar)c > (ar)d
Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the centripetal accelerations (ar)ato (ar)e of particles a to e.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Class Questions
1. (ar)b > (ar)e > (ar)a > (ar)d > (ar)c
2. (ar)b = (ar)e > (ar)a = (ar)c > (ar)d
3. (ar)b > (ar)a = (ar)c = (ar)e > (ar)d
4. (ar)b > (ar)a = (ar)a > (ar)e > (ar)d
5. (ar)b > (ar)e > (ar)a = (ar)c > (ar)d
Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the centripetal accelerations (ar)ato (ar)e of particles a to e.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Circular Motion
Circular MotionPROBLEM-SOLVING STRATEGY 7.1 Circular motion problems
MODEL Make simplifying assumptions.
VISUALIZE Pictorial representation. Establish a coordinate system with the r-axis pointing toward the center of the circle. Show important points in the motion on a sketch. Define symbols and identify what the problem is trying to find.
Physical representation. Identify the forces and show them on a free-body diagram.
SOLVE Newton’s second law is
. Determine the force components from the free-body diagram. Be careful with signs.
. SOLVE for the acceleration, then use kinematics to find velocities and positions.
ASSESS Check that your result has the correct units, is reasonable, and answers the questions.