circulation. process of circulation pickup and delivery circulation in animals

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CIRCULATION

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Page 1: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

CIRCULATION

Page 2: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

PROCESS OF CIRCULATION

• Pickup and delivery• Circulation in animals

Page 3: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

• Blood– delivers oxygen, water, food to cells, picks up waste products like carbon dioxide

• Blood vessels– where blood travels

• Heart– a pump to circulate the blood

Page 4: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

TYPES OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS

• Closed– Humans, earthworms

contain blood that travels in vessels

OpenInsects

Have no blood vessels

Page 5: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

THE HUMAN HEART

• The heart is a MUSCLE that pumps blood through the body

• Has two sides, left and right

• NOTE: THE HEART IS LABELED AS IF THE HEART WERE INSIDE SOMEONE FACING YOU

Page 6: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

• Each side has a small chamber on the top and a large chamber on the bottom

• The small to chambers are the ATRIA

• Divided into the right atrium and the left atrium

Page 7: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

• The large bottom chambers are called the VENTRICLES

• Also divided into the right and left sections

Page 8: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

• Right atrium left atrium

• Right ventricle left ventricle

• Notice how they are turned around

Page 9: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

THE PUMPING TO THE HEART

• Blood is pumped out, when the VENTRICLES squeeze

• Resting heart rate about 60-80 bpm

• After running 150 bpm

Page 10: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

BLOOD MOVEMENT

• Structure of the heart allows blood to move through the circulatory system in only ONE direction

• Blood vessels in the body are called ARTERIES and VEINS

• ARTERIES carry blood AWAY from the heart

• VEINS carry blood BACK to the heart

Page 11: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

FIGURE 11-4

• 1. Blood moves from veins and enters the heart’s right and left atriums (neither chamber is pumping)

• 2. Blood flows from the atriums into the ventricles (ventricles are relaxed)

• 3. The right and left ventricles squeeze or contract and push the blood into two large ARTERIES leading to the body and the lungs

• WHEN THE VENTRICLES ARE PUMPING, THE ATRIUMS ARE RELAXED

Page 12: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

HEART VALVES

• Heart valves are flaps in the heart that keep blood flowing in one direction.

• The are two sets of valves• They are called the TRICUSPID VALVE

and the BICUSPID VALVE• These two valves open down toward and

into the ventricles, to keep blood flowing one way

Page 13: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

TRICUSPID VALVE

• The Valve between the right atrium and right ventricle is called the TRICUSPID VALVE

Page 14: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

SEMILUNAR VALVES

• These valves are located between the ventricles and their arteries

• The valves open in an upward direction—away from the heart

• The sound you hear (the beats) are caused by the flaps or valves closing

• Your heart makes two sounds when it beats• Lup- first sound bicuspid and tricuspid valves

closing• Dup-second sound semilunar valves closing

Page 15: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

BICUSPID VALVE

• The valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle is call the BISCUSPID VALVE

Page 16: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

HEART MURMUR

• Happens when the bicuspid and tricuspid valves are not closing tightly. Blood is moving in the opposite direction

• This can also occur with the semilunar valves not closing tightly

• This is not a good situation

Page 17: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

JOBS OF THE HEART

• Right side• Pumps blood only to

your LUNGS• Blood enters heart

through RIGHT ATRIUM from a large vein called the VENA CAVA

• VENA CAVA is the largest VEIN in the body

• Blood contains no oxygen a lot of carbon dioxide

• Blood is pumped to the right ventricle

Page 18: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

• Blood is pumped into a large artery called the PULMONARY ARTERY

• This artery carries blood away from the heart to the lungs

• The pulmonary artery divides in two, because we have 2 lungs

Page 19: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

• Blood enters both lungs and picks up oxygen, loses carbon dioxide (color of blood will be bright red)

• Blood returns to heart through PULMONARY VEINS

• PULMONARY VEINS carry blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart

• Total travel time 10 seconds

Page 20: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

LEFT SIDE OF HEART

• Left side of the heart pumps blood to all parts of the body.

• Blood, rich in oxygen arrives at the left atrium

• Blood is pumped into the left ventricle

• Blood is then pumped into the bodies largest artery THE AORTA

Page 21: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

THE AORTA

• The AORTA carries blood away from the left side of the heart

• It branches off and goes to the head and the rest of the body

• Finally, blood returns to the right side and the process begins again

Page 22: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

JOBS OF THE BLOOD

• Carry two gasses, oxygen and carbon dioxide

• Blood passes through lungs, picks up oxygen delivered to all body cells

• Carbon dioxide is produces as a waste product of body cells

• Blood picks up carbon dioxide and drops it off at the lungs

Page 23: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

• Blood in the right side of the heart high in carbon dioxide

• Blood in left side of heart high in oxygen

Page 24: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

BLOOD VESSELS

• Tube-like structures through which blood moves

• 96,000 km of blood vessels in your body, enough to circle the globe 2.5 times if they were placed end to end

Page 25: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

ARTERIES

• Carry blood AWAY from the heart• AORTA• PULMONARY ARTERY• Round and have thick walls made of muscle cells.

The aorta can be as large as a garden hose• Carry blood under high pressure• When you feel your pulse, you are feeling the

blood moving through your arteries

Page 26: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

VEINS

• Carry blood back to the heart• VENA CAVA• PULMONARY VEIN• Less muscular• rather flat in shape• Veins in arms and legs, have on way valves in

them• Carry blood under low pressure

Page 27: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

CAPILLARIES

• Narrow vessels

• Smallest blood vessel

• Walls are one cell thick

• More of this type in your body than any other

• All pickup and delivery happens here

Page 28: CIRCULATION. PROCESS OF CIRCULATION Pickup and delivery Circulation in animals

PROBLEMS WITH CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

• High blood pressure

• Hypertension

• Heart attack

• Stroke

• Arteriosclerosis

• Choose one and present a short presentation of appropriate information