Sams Teach Yourself

Cisco Routersin 21 DaysSecond Edition

Jerome F. DiMarzio

Cisco

.

2003

High tech

.

Cisco . . . . . . . . .

. . Cisco. . . . : , 2003. 512 ., . ISBN 5 93286 048 0 . Cisco, . , Cisco. Cisco IOS , Cisco . , IP, IPX, RIP, IGRP, EIGRP, OSPF BGP. : IP (NAT). , Cisco.

ISBN 5 93286 048 0 ISBN 0 672 32296 X () , 2003Authorized translation from the English language edition, entitled SAMS TEACH YOURSELF CISCO ROUTERS IN 21 DAYS, 2nd Edition by DIMARZIO, JEROME F., published by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Sams, Copyright 2002 by Sams Publishing. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage retrieval sys tem, without permission from Pearson Education, Inc. RUSSIAN language edition published by SYM BOL PLUS PUBLISHING, Copyright 2003. , SAMS TEACH YOUR SELF CISCO ROUTERS IN 21 DAYS, 2nd Edition by DIMARZIO, JEROME F., Pearson Education., Inc. (SAMS), Copyright 2002, Sams Publishing. . , , , , Pearson Education, Inc. , Copyright 2003. , . , , .

. 199034, , 16 , 7. . (812) 324 5353, edit@symbol.ru. N 000054 25.12.98. 005 93, 2; 953000 . 25.02.2003. 701001/16 . . 32 . . 2000 . N 199034, , 9 , 12.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 I. Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1. Cisco: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

2. Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Cisco . . . . . . . . 40 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

3. Cisco IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 Cisco IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 IOS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 IOS, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 IOS, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

6

Cisco IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

4. Cisco IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 IOS . . . . . . . . . 78 IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Cisco IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 IOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111 . .111 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .125

7

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128 startup config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128 running config. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128 . . . .129 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144

7. Cisco . . . . . . . . . . .148 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .149 Cisco . . . . . . . . . . .152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152 Cisco IOS . . . . . . . . .160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160 running config startup config . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .164 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165

II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .169 OSI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .176 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .177 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .178 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181

8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .184 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185

9. IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186IP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187 A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .190 IP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .192 IP Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .193 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195

10. IP Cisco . . . . . . . . . .196IP Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .197 ICMP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 ICMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .203 Ping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204 traceroute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211 Telnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 Telnet . . . .214 rlogin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .219 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220

11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .223 IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224 Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .233 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .237 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241

9

12. IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .242 IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 IPX Cisco. . . . . . . . . .246 IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .249 Ethernet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .250 IPX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .260

13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .262ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 ISDN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266 ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268 ISDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .270 X.25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .274 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .275 Frame Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276 Frame Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276 Frame Relay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .278 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281

14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .283 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .284 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .287 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .290 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .291

10

III. Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . .293 15. RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .295 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .295 , RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .298 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .304 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .308 RIP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .311 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314 RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .317 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318

16. IGRP EIGRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .319IGRP EIGRP RIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .320 IGRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .322 IGRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .323 . . . . . . . . . . .324 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325 IGRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 IGRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .327 . . . . .328 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .329 / . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .330 EIGRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 EIGRP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .334 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .334 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .335

17. OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .336 OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .336 OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .337

11

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .341 OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344 OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .346 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349 OSPF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .349 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .353 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .353 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .354

18. BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .355 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .359 ASN IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 EBGP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .367 BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .371 BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .373 BGP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .374 IBGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379 BGP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .380 BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382 BGP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .384 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .385

19. IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386IS IS DECnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 DECnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .388 DECnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .390 DECnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .394 DECnet Phase V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .395 IS IS CLNP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .396 IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .397 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .400 IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403 IS IS, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405 IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .409 IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .410 hello. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .413 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414 IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .416

12

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417 IS IS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .419 IS IS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .421 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .423 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .423 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .424

20. Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .425 IP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .426 NAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .433 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .433 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .434

21. Cisco Catalyst PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 ATM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .437 ATM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 UNI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .442 ATM . . . . . . . . . .443 PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446 PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .447 PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .452 PNNI QOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .455 PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .457 PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .461 PNNI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .462

A. Cisco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .464 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .495

. (Jerome F. DiMarzio) , . 1991 Walt Disney Company . . . . MCP, MCP+I, MCSE CCNA. GOLD IEEE, .

(Michelle Truman), (CCIE # 8098), , ( . , ). 8 , AgriBank, Pillsbury, Burger King, Guinness Brewing Haagen Dazs. LAN WAN BGP OSPF. AT&T Business Internet Services.

(Andre Paree Huff) ( CCNP, CCDA, MCSE+I, ASE, A+, Network+, I Network+, Server+) . Com paq Computer Corporation , , . , OSI. , . CCDE CCIE.

14

: , .

, . (William E. Brown), (Mark Renfrow), (Matt Pur cell) SAMS Publishing, (Molly Re denbaugh), (Jerome Colburn), (Dave Mason) . ( ) (Walt Adams) Double Eagle Servi ces , (Lou Vella) Allme rica Financial, (Heather Osterloh) , . , , , . (Diana Mitchell). , , , , , , . , , , .

15

, ! . , , , , ; , . Sams Publishing, . , , , , , , . , , , , , , . , , , , . , . : E mail: : 317 581 4770 feedback@samspublishing.com Jeff Koch Sams Publishing 201 West 103rd Street Indianapolis, IN 46290 USA

Cisco , Cisco. , Cisco. , , . . , , , .

, Cisco. , , . Cisco: 1 Cisco: . , Cisco , . . 2 Cisco. , , , . 3 Cisco IOS. Cisco, , .

18

4 Cisco IOS. , Cisco IOS . 5 . , Cisco, . 6 . , Cisco ( ) . 7 Cisco. , , . , : 8 . , . 9 IP. IP. 10 IP Cisco. , IP . 11 . , IP, . 12 IPX. Cisco IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange). 13 . , (WAN), Frame Relay. 14 . . , : 15 RIP. , RIP Cisco.

19

16 IGRP EIGRP. , Cisco (IGRP) EIGRP. 17 OSPF. (OSPF). 18 BGP. , (BGP). 19 IS IS. , . (IS IS). 20 Cisco. (NAT) IP. 21 Cisco Catalyst PNNI. : Cisco Catalyst PNNI (Private Network to Network Interface).

, Cisco. , , Cisco, . , IT , , . , , , .

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20

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24

1. Cisco:

, , : , , , ? , . , , ? . Cisco. , , Cisco Certifi ed Network Associate (CCNA).

Cisco Career Certifications . , , Cisco ( Cisco), . , , ?

. , ( ), . . , , Cisco Career Certification? , , , , , . ? . , , , Cisco. (, Cisco , . , , .) , , , . , , .

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25 ( ) , , , . . Cisco , , (CCNA), CCNP (Cisco Certified Network Professional, Cisco ) CCIE (Cisco Certi fied Internetwork Engineer, Cisco ). , , , CCNA, , CCIE. , , , , Cisco. Cisco , Cisco. Cisco (LAN) (WAN) . , , , IOS, .

, Cisco Career Certification (, CCNA), , , . , CCNA, . , .

( ). ; . Cisco . , , . , . , Cisco: Cisco ( 1 2) Cisco Catalyst PNNI ( 21).

26

1. Cisco:

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Cisco 1984 . , 60 , ( TCP/IP) . , , . 60 , 70 ( , , ). . , . . , 60 , , ; . . 1.1 .

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27

. 1.1.

: , . , ARPAnet ( DARPAnet) . , ARPAnet , . 1980 (). . , , , . .

( ),

28

1. Cisco:

. 60 , , 66 (60 6 ) . , . , . , Token Ring, Token Ring. , MAU (Media Access Units, ) , . , , . Token Ring, 4 /c. , . , , ( ). . , , . , , . . . , Token Ring Ethernet, . , , . . 1.2 , . . . , . ( ) . 1.3 . , , . . , , .

Cisco

29

. 1.2.

, ? . . , . .

, (Sandy Lerner), , (Leonard Bosack), , . , : .

30

1. Cisco:

. 1.3.

, . , . ( ) , . ( .) , : , , . , . Cisco.

31

Cisco Cisco 1984 . . . . , ( ), Cisco. . (, ). , , . , ( ) , . Cisco , . 1991 (John Chambers) Wang Cisco , 1995 CEO. Cisco 20 . , Cisco , : . Cisco . , . , .

. , , . , , . , . . . 1980 , , (BBS).

32

1. Cisco:

, , . BBS , , ( ). ( ) , BBS, , . , , . BBS . ( ) BBS . , , , , . , Cisco , , BBS . , BBS (), , . 80 Cisco . Cisco , BBS. BBS Cisco . . Gopher. , Lynx Trumpet, BBS , . . , Genie, Prodigy CompuServe. ( ), . . . . , . , .

33

, , . , , , . Cisco, , , . , . Cisco. , Cisco, Cisco . Cisco IP , , , , . . , Cisco . . 1.4 , .

. 1.4.

34

1. Cisco:

Cisco , .

Cisco WAN , ISDN (Integrated Services Data Network, ), DSL (Digital Subscriber Lines, ) T , LAN , Ethernet; Cisco . , Cisco, . , , .

Cisco . . , , ( ), , NAT (Network Address Translation, ).

, , , BGP (Border Gateway Protocol ). BGP.

, , , (Network Authentication Device). , .

. , .

, www.marzde sign.com. IP 207.217.96.36, www.marzdesign.com. . , , , IP

35

, . , IP , ( , ) , ( ). , www.marzdesign.com. ( , ) . , .

1990 , , . , , Cisco. , , , , , . Cisco ? Cisco , . , , . , Cisco SOHO (small office/home office / ). SOHO . , , WAN , , . Cisco , . , . , Cisco. WAN. . 1.5. ISDN. (, 7500) . ISDN

36

1. Cisco:

. 1.5.

, SOHO ( , Cisco 1600) ISDN, ISDN . , , .

Cisco , , . (Cisco IOS), , .

WAN , ISDN Frame Relay, , . , , WAN . VPN (Virtual Private Network, ).

37

. 1.6 , VPN . , , , . 1.5, . . 1.6 . , Cisco 1600. , . Cisco 7500, , . . , Cisco . , , Cisco. . , Cisco , , . , .

. 1.6.

38

1. Cisco:

, , . , , . Cisco , Cisco Career Certification. Cisco , . , , , . Cisco . , Cisco . Cisco , .

, ? . . , , .

1. ? 2. Cisco? 1. . 2. .

2 Cisco , Cisco. , . , , , , . , Cisco.

, , Cis co Cisco IOS, . , IOS . , Cisco . 700. IOS, IOS 700. , , .

Cisco . , Ford Explorer Ford Expedition, Cisco . (, Ethernet) ( ). , , . , ISDN , .

40

2. Cisco

, , Cisco. . , .

Cisco : , . , , (RAM), . , . , , ( , ). Cisco . , , : Cisco. , .

, . , , .

Cisco Cisco , . , , . , , Cisco. , ( ). , . : . , . , .

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41

, Cisco.

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Cisco, . . ( Cis co) . , , , . Cisco . Cisco, 2500, .

, . , 2500 2501, 2502, 2503, 2504, 2505, 2507, 2509 18 . , , , .

, , ( ). , , . Cisco, , 1600, . .

42

2. Cisco

Cisco , , () .

Cisco, , , . , 1600, . . , : , , . . . 1605 Ethernet (ETH0 ETH1) WAN (WIC). , 1603 ISDN (BRI0) WIC. , , 2500, . , 1600 , . , . , . ( Ethernet ). , , , , , . , .

, ( ) , , . Cisco . , . .

Cisco

43

, ( , ). , Cisco ( ).

, , . . , RJ 45. RJ 45, .

( ), RJ 45. , . , RJ 45, . .

3 Cisco IOS. , , . Cisco ( ) .

Cisco . ( ) , Ethernet Telnet IP . , , . . , , RJ 45 ( , Ethernet ). ( ), Cisco. . Cisco 6 .

44

2. Cisco Cisco. , , , . , .

Cisco , . WAN .

WAN WAN, , , , Cisco. WAN , , .

Cisco WAN . WIC, , . , WAN, ISDN T1, .

WIC, , ( ). WAN , ISDN T1, . , , WIC . , IOS .

WIC . , , Cisco 1605, ( WIC) ( Ethernet ). WIC. . , ( ).

Cisco

45

Cisco ( , ) . ( 4 24 ), . IOS. , , . , ( ). ( ) Cisco IOS.

Cisco , , . . R ( , Cisco 1605 R) . .

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, , Cisco . , . Cisco Motorola 68000 ( 68360 68030 28 M). , . 68000 . . , ( ) . . Cisco (DRAM) SIMM, ,

46

2. Cisco

. , . (, .)

, , . , . . , (SRAM) , , . DRAM , , . , .

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. ( .) . , , , , , .

, Service Provider Series, (ISP). .

( , , ), , , . , . ( , , ).

47

Cisco , , . , , . , . , , . , . .

800 800 , , . LAN WAN . , . Cisco 805. WAN PPP . , , () . Ethernet Cisco 805 ( ), . HUB/NO HUB, , . ( , ) HUB/NO HUB . Cisco 805 . PPP (Point to Point Protocol ) Frame Relay CSU/DSU (channel service unit/data service unit /). IOS. 805 . 2.1.

48

2. Cisco

2.1. Cisco 805 Ethernet WAN 1 (10BaseT) 1 (./.) 8 4 Motorola 68000 16 12

1600 Cisco 1600 , . 1600 , . 1600 . 2.2. 2.2. Cisco 1600 Ethernet 1601 1602 1 1 1 1 56/ DSU/CSU 0 0 0 WAN 1 ( ) 1 ( )

1603 1604 1605

1 1 2

1 ISDN 1 1 s bus ISDN 1 1 ( )

1603 , ISDN . 1605 Ethernet, . 1605 . 2.3. ( WIC 1600, .)

49

2.3. Cisco 1605 Ethernet WAN 2 (10BaseT) WIC (/.) 56/c CSU/DSU 1 CSU/DSU ISDN BRI S/T ISDN BRI NT1, U 0 8 Motorola 68360 33 24

4 ( ) 16

2500 2500, , . 2500 . 20 , , . , . 2500 . Cis co 2520, Ethernet. , CSD/DSU . , , , 2525 2524 WIC. 2500 WAN. Cisco 2520 . 2.4. 2.4. Cisco 2520 8 4 EPROM Motorola 68EC030 20 24 12

50

2. Cisco

2.4 () Ethernet WAN 1 (AUI 10BaseT) 1 ISDN BRI 1 (./.), 2 .

Cisco. , , , 7000 12000 , VoIP ( IP) PPP. , , Cisco 4000. , . FDDI.

FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface ) . , , , .

Cisco 4000 . , . FDDI . Cisco 4000 .2.5. 2.5. Cisco 4000 Ethernet 0 1 4 4 EPROM 16 8

Motorola 68EC030 40

WAN Ethernet Token Ring FDDI

51

Cisco. , , . , Cisco. , Cisco IOS. Cisco IOS , Cisco. Cisco IOS , . , .

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1. Cisco? 2. , ? 1. DRAM. 2. WIC (WAN Interface Card).

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Cisco IOS

53

, . ( , , , .) Cisco, ( , , ), 6 . Cisco . . Cisco IOS, . Cisco IOS , 3.

, Cisco IOS, 4 Cisco IOS. Cisco IOS. , : Cisco IOS Cisco IOS

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54

3. Cisco IOS

, Cisco IOS , , . , , . , ( ) Cisco IOS . Cisco IOS . , , . Cisco IOS, , . , Cisco IOS. .

IOS , , . , . . , , . , , , Microsoft Windows 2000, Microsoft Windows XP , . Cisco IOS . IOS 12.0(3), 12.2 , .

Cisco IOS , , (VPN).

( ) Cisco IOS. IOS , IP IPX. IP/IPX . , Cisco IOS

Cisco IOS

55

, , . , , , , . , , IOS IP , IPX Cisco IPX IOS. , . IOS IP , IPX ( IPX), IP . Cisco IP/IPX IOS. , . Cisco IOS , . , Cisco IOS Cisco , Cisco. Cisco IOS . . Cisco IOS . , , . ? , Cisco, . Cisco , Cisco, . 3.1. Cisco ( ) Cisco IOS . IOS (, ) . , , , IOS, . IOS CCO (Cisco Connection Online) . Cisco IOS . (, , ).

56

3. Cisco IOS

. 3.1. Cisco IOS

IOS, . IOS . , IOS, , . Cisco . , IOS , RFR (Run from RAM), , IOS , RFF (Run from Flash).

R , RFR , Cisco 1605R. , R RFF.

IOS , . RFR RFF. , .

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57

RFF , , . , Cisco . , IOS . , RFR RFF, IOS . , IOS . RFF , Cisco. . 3.2 RFF. IOS . IOS , .

. 3.2. IOS,

58

3. Cisco IOS

. . IOS , . , . ( RFR 2 3 , RFF .) . IOS ( , ), . . RFF . IOS , . IOS, , ( ) , . RFF . , IOS , . . , . , RFR.

RFR RFR. , RFF , IOS . . IOS RFF .

Cisco . IOS, , .

IOS . . RFR . 3.3.

Cisco IOS

59

. 3.3. IOS,

IOS . . RFR , RFF .

: Cisco .

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60

3. Cisco IOS

RFR IOS. , RFF, . RFR IOS. ( 7 Cisco.)

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.

.

Cisco IOS

61

IOS , . , IOS , Flash Load Helper . , , . , .Router>enable Router#

.Router#configure Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]? terminal

. +.Router(config)#

, .Router(config)# partition flash

, .Router(config)#partition flash ? Number of partitions in device Router(config)#partition flash 2 ? Size of partition 1

, IOS . copy IOS .

, . , , .

copy

62

3. Cisco IOS

. .Router#copy tftp flash

TFTP (Tri vial File Transfer Protocol ) . IOS , . : TFTP , IOS ,

TFTP ( ) . , , FTP , TFTP. FTP TFTP.

IOS , , . , . , . , , boot .Router(config)#boot system flash 2

, . IOS. RFF , Flash Load Helper.

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Cisco IOS

63

. Flash Load Helper, .Router# copy tftp flash ***************** NOTICE *************************** Flash load helper v1.0 This process will accept the TFTP copy options and then terminate the current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy. Router functionality will not be available during that time. If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate. Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation. *******************************************************

, Flash Load Helper, IOS. FLH . TFTP , IOS, , , , . FLH , . FLH , , . ( ). Flash Load Helper .

IOS, Cisco IOS RFR. Cisco RSL (Router Software Loader). , IOS . , IOS , . 3.4 RSL. RSL IOS . : , IOS . . 3.5. , , , IOS, . , IP IOS 12.0(3) Cisco 1600, , c1600 y mz.120 3.bin. RSL , aaa0269.bin. ? .

64

3. Cisco IOS

. 3.4. Router Software Loader

, IOS . Cisco IOS. , . , . ( , . TFTP , copy flash TFTP.) IOS Router>enable

. 3.5. RSL

Cisco IOS

65

, copy, . , TFTP .Router#copy tftp flash

: IP ( DNS ) TFTP , , IOS, , .Address or name of remote host []? 10.16.4.152 Source filename []? c1600 y mz.120 3.bin Destination filename [c1600 y mz.120 3.bin]?

, (, ) . , IOS. :%Warning: Run from flash images are recommended for this platform. Erase flash: before copying? [confirm] Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files! Continue? [confirm] Erasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ...erased Erase of flash: complete Loading c1600 y mz.121 8a.bin from 10.16.4.152 (via Ethernet0): !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ! [OK 2868332/5736448 bytes] Verifying checksum... OK (0xD6C8) 2868332 bytes copied in 106.936 secs (27059 bytes/sec)

, IOS , reload.Router#reload

, IOS . , . IOS TFTP . , IOS . , , . IOS TFTP Boot Loader, Cisco IOS, .

66

3. Cisco IOS

, . , startup config, .Router#configure terminal Router (config)# no boot tftp 1: Router (config)#^Z Router#reload

IOS, .

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Cisco IOS

67

. :rommon 1 >

XModem:rmonitor 1 >xmodem r s9600 aaa0269.bin

, : Xmodem (xmodem), ( r), 9600 /c ( s9600) aaa0269.bin (aaa0269.bin). ( , .) , . , , , . , , . . , , XModem . IOS. ( ), IOS, . . IOS , . Cisco IOS, , .

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68

3. Cisco IOS

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enable.Router>enable Password: Router#

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69

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70 3. . 4. TFTP.

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72

4. Cisco IOS

IOS Cisco : . () , IOS ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol ). Cisco, . . 4.1 , . 4.1. ping traceroute help terminal ping traceroute help configure erase

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73

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74

4. Cisco IOS

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75

. , ( , ):Current configuration: ! version 12.0 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password encryption ! hostname Router ! boot system flash no logging console ! ip subnet zero ! ! ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 10.16.4.153 255.240.0.0 no ip directed broadcast ! interface Ethernet1 no ip address More

, , IOS . :! version 12.0 service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password encryption ! hostname Router ! boot system flash no logging console ! ip subnet zero ! ! ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 10.16.4.153 255.240.0.0 no ip directed broadcast !

76interface Ethernet1 no ip address no ip directed broadcast More

4. Cisco IOS

:no ip directed broadcast

, . , . , . , :More no ip directed broadcast shutdown ! ip classless ! ! line con 0 exec timeout 0 0 transport input none line vty 0 4 login ! end

, . . + + , , . , . , + +, . + + . , ( Cisco ) IOS77, , . , + +. + , + . . (, , ) IOS, + +, . , . + +, . + . , Cisco. :Router#dir Directory of flash:/ 1 rw 2202092 aaa0269.bin4194304 bytes total (1992148 bytes free) Router# dir, IOS . , + ( ). . + . , :Router# Router#dir Directory of flash:/ 1 rw 2202092 aaa0269.bin4194304 bytes total (1992148 bytes free) Router#ping 10.16.4.152 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100 byte ICMP Echos to 10.16.4.152, timeout is 2 seconds: ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) Router#sho flash78 4. Cisco IOS PCMCIA flash directory: File Length Name/status 1 2202092 aaa0269.bin [2202156 bytes used, 1992148 available, 4194304 total] 4096K bytes of processor board PCMCIA flash (Read/Write) Router# , +. dir . + ( ) , . +, . . . Cisco IOS. IOS Cisco IOS : , , IOS . . 4.1.. 4.1. Cisco IOS IOS79 , . 4.1, , , . , (. 4.1) Router, >. IOS. , , , . , , 6 . Cisco IOS : . ( ) ( ). , Frank.Frank(config)# , . . ( Router.) . > , . #. , Router>, Exec Router , Router#, Exec Router . , , . , . , , .80 4. Cisco IOS , . , , Router :Router(config)# . 4.2. 4.2. (config) (config router) (config if) , ( , ). Cisco IOS (), IOS. , . 4.1, , con0 ( 0) . , . , . Cisco IOS . , , Cisco. . , , . 4.2. . 4.2 , run, Cisco IOS . IOS , , , . , . 4.2 , , :Translating "run"domain server (255.255.255.255) IOS81. 4.2. , ( ), , IOS ( ) , translating. . 4.2, % Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address, , . , run, , . , , %. Cisco IOS. Cisco IOS . Cisco IOS , IOS , , . . :Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: , , . 82 4. Cisco IOS, . . , [ ] ( ), . Cisco IOS () . / ( , ). IOS yes no. . , . :Enter host name [Router]:Cisco IOS . Router. Enter, , , . ( IP ), IOS . , , Ethernet 10.19.25.1. , :Enter IP address for Eth0 [10.19.25.1]: , Ethernet (Eth0) 10.19.25.1. , En ter, . , . , Cisco IOS, IOS, . IOS Cisco IOS. , , . Cisco IOS. Cisco Boot Lo ader ( ). , , . , , : 1. Cisco System Bootstrap IOS832. 3. 4. . 4.3 Cisco . . , . 4.3, . , , , . , . #. , IOS [OK]. , . , . IOS . IOS . 4.4. IOS, , . .. 4.3. , Cisco IOS84 4. Cisco IOS. 4.4. IOS , . . , . 6 . Cisco IOS . Cisco, , , . . , Cisco IOS, , . Cisco, . , Cisco IOS. Cisco IOS Cisco IOS . Cisco IOS85 , help :Router>help help , . . , , , , , . , ?. , , , , , ? . : , ? (, show ?) . , , (, show pr?). , , ? Cisco. , ? , . , ? :Router>? Exec commands: access enable access profile clear connect disable disconnect enable exit help lock login logoutCreate a temporary Access List entry Apply user profile to interface Reset functions Open a terminal connection Turn off privileged commands Disconnect an existing network connection Turn on privileged commands Exit from the EXEC Description of the interactive help system Lock the terminal Log in as a particular user Exit from the EXEC86name connection pad ping ppp resume rlogin set show slip systat More 4. Cisco IOS Name an existing network connection Open a X.29 PAD connection Send echo messages Start IETF Point to Point Protocol (PPP) Resume an active network connection Open an rlogin connection Set system parameter (not config) Show running system information Start Serial line IP (SLIP) Display information about terminal lines , . , ( ) . Cisco IOS , . , terminal , :Router#terminal % Incomplete command. ? terminal, , terminal:Router#terminal ? autohangup data character bits databits default dispatch character dispatch timeout domain lookup download editing escape character exec character bits flowcontrol full help help history hold character international ip length monitor no Automatically hangup when last connection closes Size of characters being handled Set number of data bits per character Set a command to its defaults Define the dispatch character Set the dispatch timer Enable domain lookups in show commands Put line into 'download' mode Enable command line editing Change the current lines escape character Size of characters to the command exec Set the flow control Provide help to unprivileged user Description of the interactive help system Enable and control the command history function Define the hold character Enable international 8 bit character support IP options Set number of lines on a screen Copy debug output to the current terminal line Negate a command or set its defaults Cisco IOS notify Inform users of output from concurrent sessions padding Set padding for a specified output character parity Set terminal parity rxspeed Set the receive speed special character bits Size of the escape (and other special) characters speed Set the transmit and receive speeds start character Define the start character stop character Define the stop character stopbits Set async line stop bits telnet Telnet protocol specific configuration terminal type Set the terminal type transport Define transport protocols for line txspeed Set the transmit speeds width Set width of the display terminal87 terminal ?. . ,Router>terminal ? , Router>terminal?. , terminal, , terminal. ( ), . , , . IOS :Router>run Translating "run"...domain server (255.255.255.255) Cisco . , , name , , , . IOS ? , , , , . , 88 4. Cisco IOS name ? (, ):Router>name ? name connection , name , name connection. . , . , , :Router>t? telnet terminal traceroute tunnel Router>t . Cisco IOS , , . t? t. , , t. IOS , Cisco IOS, . IOS. . , . Cisco IOS . tr, IOS traceroute, IOS , tr. , t, traceroute, . , t Enter, (ambiguous) :% Ambiguous command: "t" ( ). , . . . IOS89 , , enable , Cisco :Router>en Router# , , ( ), , . , , . . , .Router#disa Router> disable . exit . enable disable, .ping , ping. Ping ICMP . Cisco IOS ping .Router>ping 10.16.4.152 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100 byte ICMP Echos to 10.16.4.152, timeout is 2 seconds: ..... Success rate is 0 percent (0/5) , , ping 100 . , , . Success rate is 0 percent (0/5). ping . 4.3.90 4. Cisco IOS 4.3. ping ! . U C I ? & .show show . show , . show . 4.4. 4.4. show access lists accounting aliases arp async bridge buffers cdp clock compress configuration controllers ARP (Address Resolution Protocol ) , Bridge Forwarding/Filtering ( ) Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) () access expression IOS91 debugging dhcp DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ) WAN Department of Defense Intelligence Information System Network Asynchronous Trans fer Mode (ATM) flash: Flash Load Helper Frame Relay IP, , IP TTY IBM LLC2 Modem Capabilities ( ) PPP (Point to Point, ) diag dialer dnsix dxi entry file flash: flh log frame relay history hosts interfaces ip key line llc2 location logging memory modemcap ppp privilege processes protocols queue queueing92 4. Cisco IOS 4.4 () registry reload rhosts rmon route map rtr running config sessions smf snapshot snmp rmon Response Time Reporter (RTR) Telnet MAC SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol, ) SNTP (Simple Network Time Pro tocol, ) HSRP (Hot Standby Rou ter Protocol, ) Terminal Access Controller Access Control System (TACACS+) TCP (Transmission Con trol Protocol, ) TTY X.25 X.29sntp spanning tree stacks standby startup configsubscriber policy subsys tacacs tcp tech support terminal traffic shape users version whoami x25 x29 IOS93 show , : interfaces, running config startup config. show interfaces . , ( ). show interfaces , . ( , . .)Router#sh int e0 Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is down Hardware is QUICC Ethernet, address is 00d0.58a8.e150 (bia 00d0.58a8.e150) Internet address is 10.16.4.153/12 MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 128/255, load 1/255 Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec) ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00 Last input never, output 00:00:00, output hang never Last clearing of "show interface" counters never Queueing strategy: fifo Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops 5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec 0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles 0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort 0 input packets with dribble condition detected 6496 packets output, 389772 bytes, 0 underruns 6496 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets 0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred 6496 lost carrier, 0 no carrier 0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out , sh int e0. e0 show, Ethernet 0. e0, IOS . show running config show startup config , . , show. , IOS. , .94 4. Cisco IOS Cisco IOS Cisco. , ( 5). Cisco IOS ( Linux MS DOS). Cisco ( ), . Cisco IOS : . IOS 16 . Cisco IOS . , . Cisco ? . , , , . , Cisco . 1. Cisco IOS? 2. : Router>sho? 3. Cisco? 4. ?95 1. 2. 3. 4. . . enable. .1. : , clock. .Router#clo ?set Set the time and date Router#clo set ? hh:mm:ss Current Time Router#clo set 09:32:00 ? Day of the month MONTH Month of the year Router#clo set 09:32:00 07 July ? Year Router#clo set 09:32:00 07 July 2001 Router#2. : .Router#sh flash PCMCIA flash directory: File Length Name/status 1 2202092 aaa0269.bin [2202156 bytes used, 1992148 available, 4194304 total] 4096K bytes of processor board PCMCIA flash (Read/Write)5 , . , . : Cisco , . , . . OSI (Open Systems Interconnect ) , . , Cisco. . , , Cisco IOS . Cisco 97 , Cisco ( ) OSI. Cisco . OSI. OSI , , . , . . , , , , . , . , , , . , , , , OSI. , ( ) . , , , OSI. . . OSI . Cisco OSI. , . , , . , Cisco OSI, , IOS 98 5. . Cisco , IOS ., , . . , () . . , , . , . , , :123 Maple Street Anytown, Massachusetts . . . , . , , . , . , , . . . . , , , , . . . . OSI. , MAC , . , , (, ). , . , IPX, . . 99 . , , , . , , , . . , , . . . , . , , , . , . , ; . . , , . . ( ), . , , , ? , , , . , , , , . . , . . , , . , .100 5. , , . ( ), , . , , . , , , , . . , . , ( ). , , , x . , . , , . , , , . , , , . , , , . , , , , . , , . , . . , ( ) . IP . IP, , . , (, 101), . . 5.1 IP . , , , IP . IP 4, IP 6 ( IP 8). , , . . , IP . , , . (TOS, type of service) . , Cisco (TOS routing) . ( ) . . , , ( ). , . .. 5.1. IP 102 5. , , , . , , . . Cisco , , , . , , , , . , , , . . . . , . ( ). . , . (TTL, Time to Live) . , . , , , TTL, . , , . TTL . , ( ), TTL , , . TTL. , . , . . , , . . , 103 . . , , , . . , , . . , . IP , , , , . , , . , . , . , , , . . , . . . , . (, , ) , , . , , . , , . , . , , . , , .104 5. , ( ). , . , , . , , . , . , . . , , , . , Cisco . , , . , , , . , , . , (. 5.2). , ( A B), IP . , . . . ( , ) . 105. 5.2. , . ( ) . (default gateway), . . . 5.3 .. 5.3. , 106 5. : . , . , , . (hubs), (switchs) , . , . . , , , . , , 10.198.50.0, 10.198.50.x, , 10.198.60.0, 10.198.60.x. . , ., , , A B. A (10.198.50.0) . , 10.198.50.5 10.198.50.8. . , , . . , , , . 10.198.50.8. , . , , . A B. , , , ( ) A. , ( 107 ) , , , . , . (10.198.60.0) (10.198.60.17) , A. , , . , 10.198.60.1 10.198.60.0. 10.198.50.1 10.198.60.1, , , B. , , . . . , . . 5.4. , , A, D. : 1. A. 2. A , D, , . F G, H G. 3. A, , OSPF (Open Shortest Path First ), , , F G, ( ). 4. A ( IP) OSPF. OSPF D. 5. A OSPF F.108 5. . 5.4. 6. F OSPF , G. 7. F , , G, . 8. G , OSPF IP D. . ( ). , , . 109 Cis co . , , , . , , . . , . , . , (, RIP), . , , , . , A ( , . 5.4) :Network Network Network Network Network Network Network Network A B C D D E E F ME Router Router Router Router Router Router Router B C F H F H E , . 5.4. G D, A D F H. , , . , G A , D F H. A D, , . , , , D. A F H, :Network D Router G110 5. . ( ). . , . , . , , . , , (convergence). , . . , , , . , . : (routing metrics). . , , , , , , . , . 5.4, A , D. F, H , , D. A , . . : 99% , . , , . , . , , ( ) . . 111 H 200, F 100. A ( ), . . . , . , . , , , . , , , . , , . . . , . . , . , . , . . . , . , . 112 5. , TCP/IP Frame Relay. , . . , , . . . , , ., , , , . , Cisco . Cisco ( ) . . . , , . , , , . , , . , . . , . OSI? OSI . . ?113 . , . 1. ? 2. IP ? 3. , ? 1. . 2. TTL ( ). 3. .6 . ( ) . : , . , : : ( ) . , . . . , . 115 ( ) Cisco 1605R IOS 12.0(3). Ethernet (Eth0 Eth1), WAN . , , , , 1605R. , , Cisco ( IOS 12.0(3)). , , , . , , . , , . . Cisco, . , Cisco , . , , , . . . IOS . ( ) , , . , . , , , . Cisco, . Cisco ( ), 116 6. : . . ( Cisco) , . , RJ 45, DB9. , , , . (, ), , . Cisco Telnet Ethernet . . , . , (RJ 45 DB9), . , . rollover Cisco RJ 45/DB9. , RJ 45 , rollover Ethernet, . Ethernet, Ethernet , , . Ethernet , . Ethernet . 6.1. 6.1. Ethernet Ethernet 11 22 33 Ethernet 44 55 66 77 88 117 (crossover) Ethernet . Ethernet , . 3 1 6 2. Ethernet . 6.2. 6.2. Ethernet Ethernet 13 26 31 44 55 62 77 88 Cisco rollover . . RJ 45/DB9. (rollover) Ethernet DB9 . 6.3. 6.3. DB9 Ethernet Ethernet DB9 ( 9 ) 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 88 76 62 55 45 33 24 17 118 6. , , . , , :Baud: 9600 DataBits: 8 Parity: None StopBits: 1 Flow Control: Hardware , . , , . ( ), , . ( ). , , . . , , . ( ) :System Bootstrap, Version 12.0(3)T, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1999 by cisco Systems, Inc. C1600 platform with 8192 Kbytes of main memory program load complete, entry point: 0x4020060, size: 0x165eac %SYS 6 BOOT_MESSAGES: Messages above this line are from the boot loader. program load complete, entry point: 0x2005000, size: 0x2199cc Self decompressing the image : ############################################ ################################## [OK] Restricted Rights Legend Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227 19 and subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227 7013. cisco Systems, Inc. 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, California 95134 1706119Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software IOS (tm) 1600 Software (C1600 Y M), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1) Copyright (c) 1986 1999 by cisco Systems, Inc. Compiled Mon 08 Feb 99 20:15 by phanguye Image text base: 0x02005000, data base: 0x02455958 cisco 1605 (68360) processor (revision C) with 7680K/512K bytes of memory. Processor board ID 17531816, with hardware revision 00000002 Bridging software. X.25 software, Version 3.0.0. 2 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s) System/IO memory with parity disabled 8192K bytes of DRAM onboard System running from RAM 8K bytes of non volatile configuration memory. 4096K bytes of processor board PCMCIA flash (Read/Write) System Configuration Dialog Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: . , : Would you like to enter the initial configuration di alog? ( ?). , , . . Cisco IOS , ? . IOS startup con fig. . , . , , , . , yes .120 6. no, . . yes, , , , , . . , Cisco. yes , Cisco IOS :At any point you may enter a question mark ? for help. Use ctrl c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt. Default settings are in square brackets []. Basic management setup configures only enough connectivity for management of the system, extended setup will ask you to configure each interface on the system Would you like to enter basic management setup? [yes/no]: . , , extended setup ( ), . , , no : Would you like to enter basic management setup? ( ?), . , . . yes, . , :Would you like to enter basic management setup? [yes/no]: y Configuring global parameters: Enter host name [Router]:, , , . , Cisco, . 121 (, IP , IP). , : 1. , , . 2. , . 3. , , . , , . , MyCorp1 Floor4A , Router1. , MainSecurityFirewallForTheOfficesFinancialCenter, ( , 30 ). , . :Enter host name [Router]: STYSCisco The enable secret is a password used to protect access to privileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password, after entered, becomes encrypted in the configuration. Enter enable secret: enable secret. , , . , , , :Router>enable Password: enable , , . enable secret , Cisco IOS , . ( Cisco IOS , .) , , 122 6. IOS. , . , ? , , , . IOS , . . . , enable:The enable password is used when you do not specify an enable secret password, with some older software versions, and some boot images. Enter enable password: EnableIOS , enable , . , . . , , .The virtual terminal password is used to protect access to the router over a network interface. Enter virtual terminal password: vterm Telnet Cisco. Cisco, Tel net . , Cisco , , Telnet , . . , , , , . 123 , Cisco ( , ). . , , SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol ).Enter virtual terminal password: vterm Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]:, yes. no. yes, . SNMP , . ( , SNMP , . SNMP .) no :Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]: n Current interface summary Any interface listed with OK? value NO does not have a valid configuration Interface IP Address OK? Method Status Protocol Ethernet0 Ethernet1 unassigned unassigned NO unset up NO unset up down downEnter interface name used to connect to the management network from the above interface summary: . , OK? NO, Protocol down. , . . , . , . Cisco . ( , .)124 6. , . Cisco IOS , . , . , Cisco (up), . , , . ( ), . Ethernet0.Enter interface name used to connect to the management network from the above interface summary: Ethernet0 Configuring interface Ethernet0: Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: , IP. no, . , , , yes.Configuring interface Ethernet0: Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: y IP address for this interface: IP ( 5):IP address for this interface: 10.162.24.153 Subnet mask for this interface [255.0.0.0] : 255.0.0.0 IP , .Class A network is 10.0.0.0, 8 subnet bits; mask is /8 The following configuration command script was created: hostname STYSCisco enable secret 5 $1$ohv2$phQNY94qZoJAZ2h7XBigG0 enable password enable line vty 0 4 password vterm no snmp server ! no ip routing ! interface Ethernet0 no shutdown ip address 10.162.24.153 255.0.0.0 ! interface Ethernet1 shutdown no ip address ! end [0] Go to the IOS command prompt without saving this config. [1] Return back to the setup without saving this config. [2] Save this configuration to nvram and exit. Enter your selection [2]:125Cisco IOS , ( 2 ). , , , 0. , , . , , . . , . . , no IOS .Would you like to enter basic management setup? [yes/no]: no First, would you like to see the current interface summary? [yes]:IOS , . yes, , , no SNMP.126 6. , IOS , : , , enable . SNMP. no, :Configure SNMP Network Management? [yes]: n Configure IP? [yes]: , , IOS . , . IOS , . 5 , , , IP IPX. , . , . ( , . 5 , .) , , . , IP ( ), IP, IP/IPX, IP, IPX.Configure IP? [yes]: y Configure IGRP routing? [yes]: n Configure RIP routing? [no]: n Configuring interface parameters:( , no : IGRP RIP. , IP. IP, IGRP RIP .) IOS :Configuring interface parameters: Do you want to configure Ethernet0 interface? [yes]: 127 , .Do you want to configure Ethernet0 interface? [yes]: y Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: y IP address for this interface: 10.162.24.153 Subnet mask for this interface [255.0.0.0] : 255.0.0.0 Class A network is 10.0.0.0, 8 subnet bits; mask is /8 Do you want to configure Ethernet1 interface? [yes]: , IOS . , , . , , :00:38:14: %QUICC_ETHER 1 LOSTCARR: Unit 0, lost problem? 00:39:14: %QUICC_ETHER 1 LOSTCARR: Unit 0, lost problem? 00:40:13: %LINK 5 CHANGED: Interface Ethernet1, administratively down 00:40:14: %QUICC_ETHER 1 LOSTCARR: Unit 0, lost problem? carrier. Transceiver carrier. Transceiver changed state to carrier. Transceiver , , . Ethernet . shutdown:Router#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#int e0 Router(config if)#shutdown( e0 , , , , e1, bri0 token1.) , IOS . , IOS .128 6. , ? Cisco IOS . startup config, running config. , . startup config , , . startup config. , Microsoft, startup config autoexec.bat Cisco. startup config, . , . startup config, ( , ). . , startup config , . , startup config running config. running config. running config running config ( ). , , running config . star tup config running config. running config , . , IP Eth0, running config. . 129 , . , , , . startup config running config . ( ). startup config running config . running config, system dir.STYSCisco#cd system: STYSCisco#dir Directory of system:/ 2 dr x 1 rw 0 541 memory running config startup config , , nvram (nonvolatile RAM ):STYSCisco#cd nvram: STYSCisco#dir Directory of nvram:/ 1 2 rw 604 5 startup config private config( private config .) startup config, show. (, 4 , Cisco IOS .)STYSCisco#show startup config Using 604 out of 7506 bytes ! version 12.0 service config service timestamps debug uptime service timestamps log uptime no service password encryption ! hostname STYSCisco130 6. ! enable secret 5 $1$8HHJ$6dzol4.tGP2gUB6uFfwHS0 enable password enable ! ip subnet zero ! ! ! interface Ethernet0 ip address 10.16.4.153 255.240.0.0 no ip directed broadcast no cdp enable ! interface Ethernet1 no ip address no ip directed broadcast shutdown no cdp enable ! ip classless ! dialer list 1 protocol ip permit dialer list 1 protocol ipx permit ! line con 0 exec timeout 0 0 transport input none line vty 0 4 password vterm login ! end , , , startup config. . running config :Router#show running config : startup config, running config, . , . startup config setup. setup ( ) , , startup config 131 . , setup, . startup con fig. startup config , , . (, startup config .) startup config, running config. , . Cisco IOS running config. , . , IP , running config. , , RouterA , Ether net IP , IP . , . , startup config running config. , run ning config, . startup config running config, , : 1. ( show) , star tup config . 2. , , :STYSCisco#copy starting config running config Destination filename [running config]? 604 bytes copied in 2.136 secs (302 bytes/sec)3. startup config running config. , running config, . , , , . running config startup config. 132 6. , .STYSCisco#copy running config startup config Destination filename [startup config]? Building configuration... , , . Cisco, , , . , . , . , startup config . , .STYSCisco#erase startup config Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all files! Continue? [confirm] Erase of nvram: complete STYSCisco# , reload.STYSCisco#reload Proceed with reload? [confirm] 02:33:39: %SYS 5 RELOAD: Reload requested , , . setup . , ( ) startup config.STYSCisco#setup System Configuration Dialog Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: y At any point you may enter a question mark ? for help. Use ctrl c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt. Default settings are in square brackets []. Basic management setup configures only enough connectivity for management of the system, extended setup will ask you to configure each interface on the system Would you like to enter basic management setup? [yes/no]:133 . , . . : . , . , , , Eth0. , . , . ( ) . , . , , . hostname . (, , , running config. running config startup config, .)Router>enable Password: Router#configure Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]? terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#134 6. config (configure) running config . IOS, config : , . . Cisco, , .Router(config)#hostname STYSCisco STYSCisco(config)# hostname, , . , : . +, running config ( ).STYSCisco(config)#^Z STYSCisco# 00:12:39: %SYS 5 CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console . : enable secret, enable . Cisco IOS . ( ) . IOS. , , configure.STYSCisco#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. STYSCisco(config)#enable secret 0 secretpassword STYSCisco(config)#^Z STYSCisco# STYSCisco#configure terminal , enable, , enable. enable secret 0 secretpassword : , enable secret secretpassword. , . 135 5 ( enable secret 5 secretpassword), , . show , $1$SuLj$3frAAOQrjkr3GyBT737lk1. enable enable, , , :STYSCisco#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. STYSCisco(config)#enable password newpassword STYSCisco(config)# , enable . enable . , Telnet , line configure.Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#line vty 0 4 Router(config line)#login Router(config line)#password 0 vterm Router(config line)#^Z Router# , . , . line, , 0 4:Router(config)#line vty 0 4 , . , 0 vterm:136 6. Router(config line)#login Router(config line)#password 0 vterm , +, . (auxi liary) , . ( , , ). Cisco, .Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#line aux 0 Router(config line)#login Router(config line)#password 0 auxpassword Router(config line)#^Z Router# , Cisco, . . , , , , . :Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#line con 0 Router(config line)#login Router(config line)#password 0 conpassword Router(config line)#^Z Router# , Cisco IOS. , , . , ? , , ? . 137 . , , no. , , :Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#line con 0 Router(config line)#login Router(config line)# no password 0 conpassword Router(config line)#^Z Router# no, password. IOS, . IOS , , no. no, , IOS .Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#line con 0 Router(config line)#login Router(config line)# no password 0 Router(config line)#^Z Router# , . , Cisco IOS. , IP Ethernet, :Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)#interface ethernet 0 Router(config if)#no ip address 10.52.189.122 255.255.0.0 Router(config if)#^Z Router#