citations and references nikita pisani - tp
DESCRIPTION
Citations and References adhering to APA style guidelinesTRANSCRIPT
Using and Citing Sources
Effectively
Extensive guide to in-text citations and
references
MCAST 2013 – 2014
Ms N. Pisani
Definitions
Citation
Reference
Reference List
Bibliography
Discuss these
definitions with a
partner
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Answer Key:
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Citing vs. Referencing. What‟s
the difference?
(a) (Bird, 2001)
(b) Bird, J. (2001). Engineering science
(3rd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
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Citing vs. Referencing.
What’s the difference?
Citing
When you refer to
another author's work in
your work you must cite
your source by providing
the last name of the
author and the year of
publication.
Referencing
At the end of your work,
under the
heading References,
write a full description of
each source you have
cited, listing them in
alphabetical order by
the first author's last
name.
(Bird, 2001)
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You are… I need a
citation
I DON’T need a
citation
• Quoting directly from another source
• Using “common knowledge” -
shared information in your field of
study
• Reprinting diagrams, illustrations,
charts, pictures, videos, music
• Writing up your own experimental
results
• Mentioning a fact that is commonly
known
• Using an image from a website
• Paraphrasing a text
• Including some statistics that your
lecturer has given you in a lecture
Ms N Pisani
You are… I need a
citation
I DON’T need a
citation
• Quoting directly from another source
• Using “common knowledge” -
shared information in your field of
study
• Reprinting diagrams, illustrations,
charts, pictures, videos, music
• Writing up your own experimental
results
• Mentioning a fact that is commonly
known
• Using an image from a website
• Paraphrasing a text
• Including some statistics that your
lecturer has given you in a lecture
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What is „Common Knowledge‟
The same information un-cited in at least five
other sources
Information that your readers will already
know
Information a person could easily find with
general reference sources (encyclopedia)
General information NOT quoted directly
Source: http://www.english.vt.edu/~IDLE/plagiarism/plagiarism2.html
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Citing Photos
Figure 1: Wind Turbines
(Evwind.com)
This should
be in italics
Always label your diagrams or sketches accordingly!
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.
Figure 2: Linux-powered Robot
(vps.net)
Examples: Books
Kotkin, S. (1991). Steeltown USSR.
Berkeley: University of California Press.
Worldwatch Institute. (2001). State of
the world (2nd ed.). New York: W.W.
Norton.
Surname and
Name (in initials)
City
Publishing
Press
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Publishing
Year Name
of book
For books in a later
edition, insert here.
Put this reference in the
correct order (APA)
All about engineering.
Moller,
(2001).
R.
Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
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Answer Key:
Moller, R. (2001). All about engineering.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ms N Pisani
References: Answer Key
1. Agrawal, B. K. (1989). Introduction to
engineering materials. New Delhi: Tata
McGrawHill.
2. Bolton, W. (2003). Mechatronics: Electronic
control systems in mechanical and electrical
engineering (3rd ed.). Harlow: Prentice Hall.
3. Beltz, W. (1994). Handbook of mechanical
engineering. London: Springer-Verlag.
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Over to you…
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Answer Key: Sample Reference List Bezzina, J. (2005). Methodology (2nd ed.). Gozo: A+M Printing.
Ibbotson, M. (2008). Cambridge English for engineering. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
Ibbotson, M. (2009). Professional English in use. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
John, L. C. (2006). Writing excellence. Canada: Thomson-Delmar
Learning.
Nayler, G. H. F. (1996). Dictionary for mechanical engineering (4th ed.).
Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Silyn-Roberts, H. (2000). Writing for science and engineering: Papers,
presentations and reports. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Swales, J. M. & Feak, C. B. (2013). Academic writing for graduate
students: Essential tasks and skills (2nd ed.). USA: Michigan Press.
Swetnam, D. (2004). Writing your dissertation (3rd ed.). UK: Cromwell
Press Ltd.
Young, T. M. (2005). Technical writing A-Z: A commonsense guide to
engineering reports and theses. British English ed. New York: ASME.
Common Questions
How do I cite a work with no author and
no date?
Use the first few words from the title, then
the abbreviation n.d. (for ‘no date’).
Do I include personal communications
(like emails,private interviews, etc.)?
Only in the citation not the reference list.
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Citing from Websites
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Author Last Name, Author First
Name (Initial). (Year, Month & Date
Published). Article title. Website title.
Retrieved Month, Date, Year, from
<URL>
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Author Last Name, Author First Name (Initial).
(Year, Month & Date Published). Article
title. Website title. Retrieved Month & Date, Year,
from <URL>
Ms N Pisani
Citing „How power drills work‟ http://home.howstuffworks.com/power-drills.html
Author
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Publishing
year of article
(we have the
complete
citation here)
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Pumphrey, C. (2010, February 22). How
power drills work. HowStuffWorks.com.
Retrieved January 25, 2014, from
< http://home.howstuffworks.com/power-
drills.htm>
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http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1590609851/lil-mule-professional-time-lapse-and-video-
camera
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CITATION
Herndon, W. (2013, February 1). Lil-mule
professional time lapse and video camera dolly.
Kickstarter.com.
Retrieved January 7, 2014, from:
<http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/15906098
51/lil-mule-professional-time-lapse-and-video-
camera>
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Ms N Pisani
Title of article ->
Carbon fibre 3D printer is
‘world’s first’
Publishing date
of article ->
29 January 2014
Author:
Laura Hopperton
Hopperton, L. (2014, January 29). Carbon
fibre 3D printer is „world‟s first‟.
Engineering Materials.com. Retrieved
January 29, 2014, from
<http://www.materialsforengineering.co.uk
/engineering-materials-news/carbon-fibre-
3d-printer-is-worlds-first/59170/>
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Date:
12 December 2013
Author:
Engineering
Materials
Engineering Materials. (2013, December
12). The challenges of getting greener
materials into industry. Engineering
Materials.com. Retrieved January 29,
2014, from
<http://www.materialsforengineering.co.uk/engi
neering-materials-features/the-challenges-of-
getting-greener-materials-into-
industrys/58363/> Ms N Pisani
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CITATION
Manfrotto. (2005). Manfrotto. Retrieved
November 20, 2013, from:
<http://www.manfrotto.com/>
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Engineering Materials
http://www.materialsforengineering.co.u
k/
Ms N Pisani
Example References
Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (2003). The psychology of criminal conduct (3rd
ed.). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing.
Blackburn, R. (1993). The psychology of criminal conduct: Theory, research
and practice. Chichester: Wiley.
Bonta, J., Law, M., & Hanson, K. (1998). The prediction of criminal and
violent recidivism among mentally disordered offenders: A meta-
analysis.Psychological Bulletin, 123, 123-142.
Polaschek, D. L. L., & Reynolds, N. (2004). Assessment and treatment:
Violent offenders. In C. R. Hollin (Ed.), The essential handbook of offender
assessment and treatment (pp. 201-218). Chichester: Wiley.
Webster, C. D., & Bailes, G. (2004). Assessing violence risk. In C. R. Hollin
(Ed.), The essential handbook of offender assessment and treatment (pp. 1-
13). Chichester: Wiley. Ms N Pisani
Sources
Purdue University Online Writing Lab website, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_plagiar.html
“Graduate Honor System,” Graduate Honor System website, Virginia Tech, http://ghs.grads.vt.edu/student/avoiding.html
James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, “Style Guide,” Nonproliferation Review, http://www.cns.miis.edu/pubs/npr/pdfs/guidelines.pdf
Bunn, Matthew and Anthony Wier, “Controlling Nuclear Warheads and Materials: A Report Card and Action Plan” (Washington, D.C.: Nuclear Threat Initiative and the Project on Managing the Atom, Harvard University, March 2003) pp. 8-12.
Shelly G. Roseman, Library Liaison to History, Political Science, Education, English (Stamford Campus) website, University of Connecticut, http://www.lib.uconn.edu/~sroseman/SRliaison.html
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Contact Me
If you have any questions regarding
referencing or citations, feel free to
email me on:
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