city of manila - department of science and technology

CITY OF MANILA

NCR DISSEMINATION FORUMAugust 20, 2019, Dusit Thani Manila

2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey

Sociodemographic and Socioeconomic Profiles of Households and Its Individual Members

Socioeconomic Status

• refers to the social standing or class of an individualor group. It is often measured as a combination ofeducation, income and occupation.

Adapted from APA’s Socioeconomic Status Office publications

https://www.apa.org/pi/ses/resources/publications

Operational Definition

Wealth Index

• The wealth index is a composite measure of ahousehold's cumulative living standard. The wealthindex is calculated by principal component analysisusing data on household’s ownership of selectedassets, materials used for housing construction andtypes of water access and sanitation facilities.

Wealth Index

• The wealth index categorizes the households into 5wealth quintiles, allowing us to assess how thecommon health and nutrition indicators differ betweenthe poor and non-poor households.

• For the provincial and HUCs estimates, wealth status isclassified as poor for the bottom 30% of the incomegroup and the non-poor for the upper 30%.

Operational DefinitionHighest Educational Attainment*• refers to the highest grade/year of formal schooling completed by each member of the

household and not the total years attended• Regrouped into:a) none - no grade completedb) elementary level - the stage of formal education concerned with providing the first six years of basic education.c) secondary level - the stage of formal education following the elementary level concerned primarily with

continuing basic education and expanding it to include the learning of employable gainful skills, usuallycorresponding to four years of high school

d) college level - the stage of formal education following the secondary level covering non-degree programs thathave varying duration for three months to three years, concerned primarily with developing strong andappropriately trained middle-level skilled manpower possessing capabilities supportive of nationaldevelopment.

e) others - Alternative Learning System, SPED , Arabic Schooling

* Phil. Standard Classification of Education (PSCEd)

Operational DefinitionOccupation

• The occupation of each individual members of the household, 10years old and above in the past 6 months

• 2012 Philippine Standard Occupational Codes (PSOC) is astatistical classification of the different occupationalgroups of the working population, including the militarywork force in the country

Sociodemographic Profile• Describes the population groups by:

a) age - refers to the exact age of each household member as of his/her last birthday

b) sex – categorized the household members of the households as males and females

c) civil status – or marital statusd) type of residence - urban-rural classification of PSA

Operational Definitions

Civil status - status of an individual in relation to marriage and classified as:

a) single - a person who has never been marriedb) married - a person who has been united in matrimony with another person of

opposite sex through a religious or civil rites. To be considered married, the coupleshould still be living together, or if living apart from each other, the separationmust only be temporary (e.g. working elsewhere, attending seminars, etc)

c) separated - a person whose partner has left permanently, with or without legal sanctions.

d) widowed - a person who has been married before, whether formally orconsensually but his/her partner has died and has not remarried at the time ofvisit.

e) common law/live-in – those who live together consensually with another ashusband or wife


Household

• an aggregate of persons, generally but not necessarily

bound by ties of kinship, who sleep in the same housing

unit and have a common arrangement for the

preparation and consumption of food.


Household head

• person who generally provides the chief source of income for the household unit

• adult person, male or female, who is responsible for the organization and care of the household or who is regarded as such by the members of the household

City of Manila

Profile of Households

Household size

Mean 4.7

More than 5

members

31.2%45.7%

Sex of Household Members

Male Female

54.3%

5 members

and below

68.8%

Age groups n (%)

0-23 months 120 4.8

24-71 months 293 11.0

72-120 months 341 9.5

>10-19 years 681 18.8

20-59 years 1,592 48.5

60 years and over 338 7.4

Population groups

Women of Reproductive Age

n (%)

28 3.5

60 6.8

779 89.7

Profile of Household Heads

Sex

Male Female

Civil Status

62.9% 37.1%

5.1

12.715.8

11.9

54.5

0

20

40

60

Separated Single CommonLaw/Live-in

Widowed Married

Occupation

Educational Attainment

0.4

17.1

48.4

33.8

0.30

102030405060

3.86.7

4.96.3

8.712.2

17.026.4

14.00.1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Special Occupations

Not classified

Clerks

Professionals

Officials of the gov't, Corporate executives, managers, supervisors

Technicians and associate prof

Craft and related traders workers

Laborers and unskilled workers

Service Workers

Plant and machine operators

Farmers, Forestry workers, Fishermen

FOOD SECURITY

“exists when all people, at all times,

have physical and economic access

to sufficient, safe and nutritious food

that meets their dietary needs and

food preferences for an active and

healthy life”.

(World Food Summit, 1996)

FOOD INSECURITY

“limited or uncertain availability of

nutritionally adequate and safe foods or

limited or uncertain ability to acquire

acceptable foods in socially acceptable

ways”

(Institute of Nutrition, 1990)

When recurrent

leads to hunger

and hunger

when prolonged

results to

malnutrition

Questionnaire

METHODOLOGY

nine-item questionnaire

based on the respondent’s perception over food

situations, resources or supply

self-reported experience in the past month

Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS)

HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY ACCESS SCALE (HFIAS)

Percentage of households by food security status: Philippines, 2015 vs. 2018

33.9

12.3

31.921.9

46.1

12.3

28.8

12.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

Food Secure Mildly FoodInsecure

Moderately FoodInsecure

Severely FoodInsecure

2015 2018

Percentage of food insecure households : 66.1% vs. 53.9%P

erc

en

tage

* *

* Significantly different at 5% level of significance

Percentage of households by food insecurity items: Philippines, 2018

Percentage of food insecure households = 53.9%

3.3

7.3

7.7

19.1

33.8

37.8

43.2

47.5

50.3

96.7

92.7

92.3

80.9

66.2

62.2

56.8

52.5

49.7

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Experienced going a whole day and night without eating

Experienced going to sleep hungry

Had no food of any kind in the household

Ate a fewer meals in a day

Ate a smaller meal

Ate food they really do not want to eat

Ate just a few kinds of food

Unable to eat preferred food

Worried about foodYes No

%

Percentage of households by food security status by wealth status, household size and sex of household head:

Philippines, 2018

46.1

18.0

84.1

49.6

37.944.3

51.853.9

82.0

15.9

50.4

62.155.7

48.2

0

20

40

60

80

100

PHILIPPINES Wealth Quintile(Bottom 20%)

Wealth Quintile(Upper 80%)

1-5 members More than 5members

Male Female

Food Secure Food Insecure

Pe

rcen

tage

Wealth Status Household Size Sex of Household Head

Food Security Status

City of MANILA, 2018

Percentage of households by food security status:CITY OF MANILA, 2018

46.1

12.3

28.8

12.8

0

20

40

60

80

100


ModeratelyFood Insecure


Philippines

%

90% Confidence Interval

LL 44.1 11.7 27.1 11.2

UL 48.0 12.9 30.5 14.4

49.3

8.5

23.5 18.6

0

20

40

60

80

100


ModeratelyFood Insecure


City of Manila

%

90% Confidence Interval

LL 46.6 6.5 20.6 15.5

UL 52.0 10.5 26.4 21.7

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

*

**

Percentage of households by food insecurity items: CITY OF MANILA, 2018

Percentage of food insecure households = 50.7%

6.7

12.0

13.2

26.7

33.5

35.2

38.7

40.6

40.9

93.3

88.0

86.8

73.3

66.5

64.8

61.3

59.4

59.1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Experienced going a whole day and night without eating

Experienced going to sleep hungry

Had no food of any kind in the household

Ate a fewer meals in a day

Ate a smaller meal

Ate food they really do not want to eat

Ate just a few kinds of food

Unable to eat preferred food

Worried about food

Yes No

%

Percentage of households by food security status by wealth status, household size and sex of household head:

City of Manila, 2018

49.3

24.0

60.253.3

41.649.9 49.050.7

76.0

39.846.7

58.450.1 51.0

0

20

40

60

80

100

CITY OF MANILA Poor Non-poor 1-5 members More than 5members

Male Female

Food Secure Food Insecure

Pe

rcen

tage

Wealth Status Household Size Sex of Household Head


*

Summary

Food insecurity is higher among households:

from poor wealth status

CITY OF MANILA

Nutritional Status of Filipino Preschool-Age Children

City of Manila

14.9

27.6

2.97.9

0

10

20

30

40

Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-Height

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Manila

19.1

30.3

5.6 4.0

0

10

20

30

40

Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-Height

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Philippines

Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months) in the Philippines and City of Manila: ENNS, 2018

90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-

for-Height

Lower Limit 17.7 28.2 5.2 3.6

Upper Limit 20.5 32.4 6.1 4.3

90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-

for-Height

Lower Limit 10.8 23.0 0.7 3.5

Upper Limit 19.0 32.1 5.0 12.3


*

Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months) by sex and wealth status: City of Manila ENNS, 2018

14.9 15.913.0

25.4

10.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

All Male Female Poor Non-Poor

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Underweight

27.625.2

31.0

37.7

20.8

0

10

20

30

40

50


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Stunting

* *


Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months) by sex and wealth status: City of Manila ENNS, 2018

2.9 2.7 3.0

6.4

1.2

0

10

20


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Wasting

7.9 7.18.9 9.2 9.7

0

10

20


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Overweight-for-Height

Prevalence of anemia among preschool-age children 6mos to 5yrs(6 to 71 months) in the City of Manila: ENNS, 2018

14.3

6.39.2

5.9

0

10

20

30

Philippines City of Manila Male Female

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*

90% CI Philippines Manila

Lower Limit 12.8 2.3

Upper Limit 15.9 10.2


PREVALENCE OF IDD and VAD

• Urinary iodine excretion and the determination ofIDD is not covered among preschool-age children.

• Serum retinol and the determination of Vitamin Adeficiency (VAD) are in-progress.

Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices

Breastfeeding Practices

69.2

54.9 50.6

33.1

0102030405060708090

100

Timelybreastfeeding

initiation

Exclusivebreastfeeding

Continuedbreastfeeding

at 1 year


at 2 years

Pro

po

rtio

ns

(%)

Philippines

69.2

36.7 31.4 28.4

0102030405060708090

100

Timelybreastfeeding

initiation

Exclusivebreastfeeding


at 1 year


at 2 years

Pro

po

rtio

ns

(%)

City of Manila

Proportion of infants 0-23 months old, by breastfeeding practices

90% CI

Lower Limit 65.2 51.2 45.4 29.3

Upper Limit 73.1 58.5 55.9 37.0

90% CI

Lower Limit 59.9 17.6 12.5 8.9

Upper Limit 78.4 55.9 50.3 47.9

Complementary Feeding

Practices

MINIMUM DIETARY DIVERSITY

Proportion of children 6-23 months of age

who receive foods from 4 or more food

groups (DDS > 4) of the following 7 food

groups:

Minimum Dietary

Diversity:

6. Vitamin A rich

fruits & vegetables

7. Other fruits &

vegetables

5. Eggs

1. Grains, roots and tubers

2. Dairy Products

3. Legumes and Nuts

4. Flesh Meat

Minimum Meal Frequency

Proportion of breastfed and non-breastfed

children 6-23 months who received solid,

semi-solid, or soft foods consumed at the

minimum number of times per day

Defined as:

2x for breastfed infants 6-8 months old

3x for breastfed children 9-23 months old

4x for non-breastfed children 6-23 months old

Minimum

Meal

Frequency:

Minimum Acceptable Diet

Proportion of children 6-23 months

meeting both the minimum dietary diversity

and the minimum meal frequency to

ensure both dietary and nutrient adequacy.

Minimum

Acceptable

Diet:

Proportion of children 6-23 months, by complementary feeding practices

20.7

87.3

11.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Minimum DietaryDiversity

Minimum MealFrequency

MinimumAcceptable Diet

Pro

po

rtio

ns

(%)

City of Manila

23.0

89.0

13.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Minimum DietaryDiversity

Minimum MealFrequency

MinimumAcceptable Diet

Pro

po

rtio

ns

(%)

Philippines

90% CI

Lower Limit 21.1 87.6 12.4

Upper Limit 24.9 90.4 14.4

90% CI

Lower Limit 12.3 80.4 4.5

Upper Limit 29.1 94.2 18.0

Summary (preschool)• Stunting and underweight prevalence are public health problems

with “moderate” severity in preschool-age children.• Anemia is a “mild” public health problem among preschool-age

children.• Exclusive breastfeeding among infants 0-5 months is low.• Continued breastfeeding up to 2 years is not common.• Complementary feeding among children 6-23 months of age is

inadequate in energy and nutrient as indicated by minimum dietarydiversity (MDD) and minimum acceptable diet (MAD).

Nutritional Status of Filipino School-Age Children

City of Manila

Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children 5 to 10yrs(60-120 months) in the Philippines and the City of Manila: ENNS, 2018

24.9 24.6

7.611.6

0

10

20

30

Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight & Obese

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Philippines

18.7 17.8

7.4

18.1

0

10

20

30

Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight & Obese

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Manila

90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight

& Obese

Lower Limit 23.1 22.8 7.2 10.4

Upper Limit 26.8 26.5 7.9 12.9

90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight

& Obese

Lower Limit 13.6 12.2 5.3 15.6

Upper Limit 23.7 23.4 9.5 20.6

*


Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children 5 to 10yrs(60-120 months) by sex and wealth status: City of Manila ENNS, 2018

18.721.9

15.1

25.4

12.5

0

10

20

30

40


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Underweight

17.8 19.615.8

28.8

9.6

0

10

20

30

40


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Stunting

*


*

Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children 5 to 10yrs(60-120 months) by sex and wealth status: City of Manila ENNS, 2018

7.4 8.66.2 7.9 6.7

0

10

20

30

40


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Wasting

18.1

23.7

12.6

5.8

24.8

0

10

20

30

40


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Overweight & Obese

*


Prevalence of anemia among school-age children 6 to 12 years old in the City of Manila: ENNS, 2018

13.5

5.17.2

2.3

0

10

20

30


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*





11.5

8.610.2

6.9

0

10

20


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)


Lower

Limit

10.3 3.8

Upper

Limit

12.7 13.3

180

213

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Philippines City of Manila

Me

dia

n




*Iodine Intake<100 ug/L – Insufficient100-199 ug/L – Adequate200-299 ug/L – More than Adequate300 ug/L and up - Excessive

Median UIE and Percent UIE (<50µg/L) among school-age children (6 to 12 years old)

in the City of Manila: ENNS, 2018

Summary (school age-children)• Underweight among school children are of public health problem with

“moderate” severity.• Stunting among school children are of public health problem with “mild”

severity.• Wasting prevalence among school children is above the acceptable level at

<5%.• Overweight has emerged to be a growing problem among school-age children.• Anemia prevalence is a public health problem with “mild” severity.• Iodine status of school-age children is more than adequate based on median

urinary iodine excretion, but still pockets of IDD exist in school-age group.

Nutritional Status of Filipino Adolescents City of Manila

Nutritional Status of Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

26.3

11.3 11.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

Stunting Wasting Overweight/obese

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

PHILIPPINESPHILIPPINES

90% CI STUNTING WASTING OVERWEIGHT/ OBESE

Lower Limit 24.7 10.5 10.7

Upper Limit 28.0 12.1 12.5

90% CI STUNTING WASTING OVERWEIGHT/ OBESE

Lower Limit 23.2 7.8 16.3

Upper Limit 29.5 13.8 22.2

MANILA

26.3

10.8

19.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

Stunting Wasting Overweight/obese

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*


Prevalence of Stunting among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: City of Manila, 2018

26.328.5

24.4

35.3

20.0

0

10

20

30

40

50

All Male Female Poor Non Poor

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*


Prevalence of Wasting among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: City of Manila, 2018

10.814.6

7.410.9 9.8

0

10

20

30

40

50


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Prevalence of Overweight/Obese among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: City of Manila, 2018

19.2 17.720.6

12.9

22.3

0

10

20

30

40

50


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*


OPERATIONAL DEFINITION PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

- Doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physicalactivity per day in the past seven days

Insufficiently Physically Active

Reference: World Health Organization (2015) Global Reference List of 100 Care Health Indicators. Geneva 27, Switzerland

Proportion of insufficiently physically active adolescents >10 to 19 years old: City of Manila, 2018

90% CI PHILIPPINES MANILA



76.383.3

0

20

40

60

80

100

Philippines Manila

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*


Proportion of insufficiently physically active adolescents >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: City of Manila, 2018

83.3 80.586.7 83.7 82.3

0

20

40

60

80

100


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Smoking Status of Filipino Adolescents

– those who smoked during the survey either on a “daily” basis (at least onecigarette a day) or on a regular/occasional basis

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION SMOKING

CURRENT SMOKERS

• Occasional smokers are those who do notsmoke daily but who smoke at least weeklyand

• those who smoke less often than weeklyReference: World Health Organization

Proportion of current smokers among adolescents, >10 to 19 years old: City of Manila, 2018


Lower Limit 3.7 3.6

Upper Limit 4.4 6.6

4.05.1

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

Philippines Manila

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Proportion of current smokers among adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: City of Manila, 2018

5.1

7.5

2.9

6.0

4.4

0

2

4

6

8

10


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*


Drinking Status of Filipino Adolescents

Proportion of current drinkers among adolescents, >10 to 19 years old: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018




16.819.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

Philippines Manila

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

ANEMIA

Prevalence of anemia among adolescents, >13 to 19 years old: City of Manila, 2018

PHILIPPINES MANILA

Lower Limit* 7.4 0.1

Upper Limit* 8.8 8.7

Severity Mild Low to Mild

*90% Confidence Interval

8.1

4.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

Philippines Manila

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Prevalence of anemia among adolescents, >13 to 19 years old by sex: City of Manila, 2018

4.4

9.0

0

5

10

15

20

All Male Female

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

0.0

SUMMARY

Among adolescents…

• Stunting is more common among adolescents from poor households

• Overweight/Obesity were more prevalent among female adolescents

and those belonging to the non poor households

• Physical inactivity is higher among female than the male adolescents

• Current smokers are common among male adolescents and in poor

households

• Anemia is more prevalent in adolescent females

Nutrition Situation of Women of Reproductive Age in the Philippines

City of Manila

Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) and overweight/obesity among non-pregnant/non-lactating women of reproductive age, 15-49 years old, 2018

PHILIPPINES CITY OF MANILA

90% CI CED Overweight and Obese






7.8

35.3

01020304050

All

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

CED Overweight and Obese

7.0

42.6

01020304050

All

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

CED Overweight and Obese *


Proportion of nutritionally-at-risk pregnant women: City of MANILA, 2018

90% CI Prevalence

Lower Limit 4.7

Upper Limit 24.8

90% CI Prevalence

Lower Limit 17.5

Upper Limit 22.8

20.1 14.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

National Manila

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)


Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) and overweight/obesity among lactating mothers, 2018








11.0

28.5

01020304050

All

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)


16.324.9

01020304050

All

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)



90% CI NPNL Pregnant Lactating

Lower Limit 11.0 21.2 12.5

Upper Limit 12.3 30.9 16.3

90% CI NPNL Pregnant Lactating

Lower Limit 8.2 - -

Upper Limit 15.5 - -

Prevalence of anemia among women of reproductive age (WRA), 2018

11.6

26.1

14.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

Non-Preg/Lact

Pregnant Lactating

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

*Too small sample size

11.9

- -0

10

20

30

40

50

Non-Preg/Lact

Pregnant Lactating

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

11.6 11.9

0

5

10

15

20


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant, non-lactating (NPNL) women of reproductive age (WRA), 2018

90% CI

LL 11.0 8.2

UL 12.3 15.5

11.39.6

0

5

10

15

20


Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

Median urinary iodine excretion (UIE) and Percent UIE level of <50µg/L) among non-pregnant, non-lactating (NPNL) women of

reproductive age (WRA), 2018

90% CI

LL 10.7 5.4

UL 12.0 13.7

170 163

0

50

100

150

200


90% CI

LL 167.9 143.6

UL 172.1 182.6

SUMMARY

Among non-pregnant and lactating women and lactating mothers

of reproductive age…

• The prevalence of overweight and obesity is high

• Anemia is of “mild” public health significance

SUMMARY

Among pregnant women…

• The proportion of nutritionally-at-risk pregnant women is lower

than the national estimate but not significant at 5% level

Among lactating mothers…

• The prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED) is high

Health and Nutritional Status ofFilipino Adults

City of Manila

Nutritional Status of Adults, 20 to 59 years old:

Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

6.9

28.8

9.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

Chronic EnergyDeficiency

Overweight Obese

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

) PHILIPPINES

90%

CI

LL 6.6 28.4 9.3

UL 7.1 29.2 9.9

6.5

32.1

14.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

Chronic EnergyDeficiency

Overweight Obese

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

) MANILA

*

90%

CI

LL 5.2 29.5 12.4

UL 7.8 34.8 16.2

*


6.58.1

6.8

4.56.2

0

5

10

15

20

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

6.6 6.4

0

5

10

15

20

Male Female

Chronic Energy Deficiency among Adults, 20-59 years old,

by age group, sex and wealth status: City of Manila, 2018

7.8

5.7

0

5

10

15

20

Poor Non-Poor

32.1

23.2

31.8

37.9 37.3

14.310.6

14.3

19.6

12.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

29.7

34.1

11.9

16.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

Male Female

Overweight and Obesity among Adults, 20-59 years old,


31.4 32.5

10.4

16.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

Poor Non-Poor

(a)(a)

■ Overweight ■ Obese

(a)(b)

Prevalence of High Waist Circumference and High Waist-Hip Ratio

among Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

13.5

35.3

0

20

40

60

80

100

High WaistCircumference

High Waist-HipRatio

Pre

vale

nce (

%) PHILIPPINES

90%

CI

LL 13.2 34.9

UL 13.8 35.7

19.5

42.6

0

20

40

60

80

100


High Waist-HipRatio

Pre

vale

nce (

%) MANILA

* *

90%

CI

LL 17.2 40.2

UL 21.8 45.1


19.511.6

19.9 21.825.9

0

20

40

60

80

100

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

7.6

29.0

0

20

40

60

80

100

Male Female*

High Waist Circumference among Adults, 20-59 years old,


15.921.2

0

20

40

60

80

100

Poor Non-Poor

Prevalence of Anemia among Adults,

20-59 years old: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

8.3

0

5

10

15

20

Anemia

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

PHILIPPINES

90%

CI

LL 7.7

UL 9.0

7.4

2.7

10.6

0

5

10

15

20

Anemia Male Female

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

MANILA

*

90%

CI

LL 5.0

UL 9.9° excluding pregnant or lactating women


Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure among Adults,

20 to 59 years old: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

90% CILL 15.6 14.0

UL 16.4 17.6

16.0 15.8

0

5

10

15

20

Philippines Manila

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

15.8

4.0

10.9

23.6

30.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

20.6

12.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Male Female*

Elevated Blood Pressure among Adults, 20-59 years old,


15.3 15.8

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Poor Non-Poor


Prevalence of High Fasting Blood Sugar among Adults,


90% CILL 6.2 5.7

UL 7.2 10.6

6.78.2

0

5

10

15

20

Philippines Manila

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

8.2

1.5

7.5

3.3

21.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

11.2

6.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Male Female

High Fasting Blood Sugar among Adults, 20-59 years old,


Proportion of Current Smokers among Adults,


90% CILL 20.7 24.6

UL 22.4 30.8

21.5

27.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Philippines Manila

Pro

po

rtio

n (

%)

*


21.5

30.928.0

24.7 25.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pro

po

rtio

n (

%)

44.7

16.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

Male Female

Current Smoking among Adults, 20-59 years old,


35.3

24.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

Poor Non-Poor


* *

54.558.2 61.1

51.145.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

) 64.1

37.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Male Female

Proportion of Binge Drinkers among currently

drinking Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex and

wealth status: City of Manila, 2018

63.6

50.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Poor Non-Poor*


Proportion of Physically Inactive Adults,


90% CILL 38.1 49.0

UL 43.1 57.5

40.6

53.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Philippines Manila

Pro

po

rtio

n (

%)

Physical Inactivity° among Adults, 20-59 years old,

by age group, sex and wealth status:

City of Manila, 2018

° A person not meeting any of the following criteria: 75 mins of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 3 days of vigorous-intensity activity of at least 20 mins per day) OR 150 mins of moderate-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 5 days of moderate-intensity activity or walking of at least 30 mins per day) OR an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity achieving at least 600 MET-minutes per week

- World Health Organization (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health.

53.256.5 56.2

49.8 49.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y

Pro

po

rtio

n (

%)

48.4

56.6

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Male Female

48.754.9

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Poor Non-Poor

Summary (Adults) Three (3) in every 10 adults are overweight and the

prevalence increases with age

Android obesity (WC and WHR) increased with age, and higher

among females and belongs to non-poor households.

Anemia is of “mild” public health significance, particularly at-risk are

females

Current smoking and current drinkers are higher in young adults, 20-29

years, among males and those belonging to poor households

More than 50% are physically inactive, particularly in young adults, 20-29

years, among females and in non-poor households

Health and Nutritional Status of Filipino Elderly

City of Manila

Chronic Energy Deficiency among Elderly, 60 years old

and above: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

90% CILL 12.9 4.7

UL 14.0 8.5

13.4

6.6

0

5

10

15

20

Philippines Manila

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

*


Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Elderly,

60 years old and above: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

24.7

6.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

Overweight Obesity

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

) PHILIPPINES

90%

CI

LL 23.9 5.9

UL 25.5 6.8

33.1

8.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

Overweight Obesity

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

) MANILA

*

90%

CI

LL 27.1 5.1

UL 39.1 12.5


Prevalence of High Waist Circumference and High Waist-Hip Ratio among

Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

17.8

47.7

0

20

40

60

80

100


High Waist-HipRatio

Pre

vale

nce (

%) PHILIPPINES

90%

CI

LL 17.1 46.7

UL 18.6 48.6

32.8

64.6

0

20

40

60

80

100


High Waist-HipRatio

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

) MANILA

* *

90%

CI

LL 27.5 59.7

UL 38.1 69.5


90% CILL 17.7 13.8

UL 22.8 29.9

20.2 21.8

0

10

20

30

40

Philippines Manila

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

)

Prevalence of Anemia among Elderly, 60 years old

and above: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

Median UIE and Percent UIE (<50µg/L) among Elderly, 60 years old and above:


108123

0

50

100

150

200

Philippines Manila

Me

dia

n U

IE (

mcg

/L)

*

90%

CI

LL 105.2 95.7

UL 110.3 150.8

*Iodine Intake<100 µg/L – Insufficient100-199 µg/L – Adequate200-299 µg/L – More than adequate300 µg/L and up – Excessive

23.327.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

Philippines Manila

Pre

vale

nce

(%

)

90%

CI

LL 20.4 19.7

UL 26.3 35.1


Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure and High Fasting Blood Sugar

among Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and City of Manila, 2018

35.0

13.8

0

10

20

30

40

50

Elevated BloodPressure

High Fasting BloodSugar

Pre

vale

nce (

%) PHILIPPINES

90%

CI

LL 33.7 12.2

UL 36.2 15.5

36.5

22.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

Elevated BloodPressure

High Fasting BloodSugar

Pre

va

len

ce

(%

) MANILA

90%

CI

LL 29.5 14.8

UL 43.5 29.8

16.328.2

50.6

0

20

40

60

80

100

CurrentSmokers

Current AlcoholDrinkers

PhysicallyInactive

Pro

po

rtio

n (

%)

PHILIPPINES

13.621.1

64.3

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

CurrentSmokers

Current AlcoholDrinkers

PhysicallyInactive

Pro

po

rtio

n (

%)

MANILA

90%

CI

LL 15.5 25.8 48.5

UL 17.1 30.5 52.7

90%

CI

LL 9.5 17.3 59.4

UL 17.7 24.9 69.3

Proportion of Current Smokers, Current Alcohol Drinkers°

and Physically Inactive Elderly, 60 years old and above:


° among current alcohol drinkers in the past 30 days

Summary (Elderly)

Overweight and obesity is also a growing problem and android

obesity is significantly higher than the national estimate

Anemia is of “moderate” public health significance

IDD, Elevated Blood Pressure and High Fasting Blood Sugar

are slightly higher than national estimate

Current smokers is at 13.6% while current alcohol drinkers is at

21.1%

More than half (64.3%) are physically inactive

city of manila - department of science and technology

Documents