class info website address: xlcrindustrialtechniques.weebly.com 1
TRANSCRIPT
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Class info
Website address:
xlcrindustrialtechniques.weebly.com
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What is today’s topic?Instructions: Use this phone pad diagram as the key to unlocking the topic for today. Example 4 is either G , H , I
“42739663 263 76389663”
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Hardwood and Softwood trees
Grade 8
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softwood
• Softwood is a generic term used in woodworking and the lumber industries for wood from conifers. Conifers are needle-bearing trees from the order Pinales.
• Softwood trees are often harder than hardwood trees. Douglas fir, a softwood, is harder and stronger than many hardwoods. Balsa, a hardwood, is much softer than most softwoods
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Hardwood trees
• Hardwood trees are angiosperms, plants that produce seeds with some sort of covering. This might be a fruit, such as an apple, or a hard shell, such as an acorn. Hardwood comes from a deciduous tree which loses its leaves annually. Hardwoods tend to be slower growing, and are therefore usually more dense, but not always.
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Difference between hardwood and softwood
Uses:
Hardwood Used for trimmings and furniture but less frequently than softwood.
Softwood Widely used as woodware for building (homes/cabins) and furniture.
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Difference between hardwood and softwood
Cost:
Hardwood is typically more expensive than softwood.
Softwood is typically less expensive compared to hardwood.
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Difference between hardwood and softwood
Growth:
Hardwood has a slower growth rate.
Softwood has a faster rate of growth.
Anular ring:
Hardwood is Not Distinct
Softwood is Distinct
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Difference between hardwood and softwood
Density:
Hardwood has a higher density and is therefore usually harder.
Softwood has a lower density, therefore most softwood varieties are softer than hardwood.
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Difference between hardwood and softwood
Shedding of leaves:
Hardwoods shed their leaves over a period of time.
Softwoods tend to keep their leaves throughout the year.
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Difference between hardwood and softwood
Colour:
Hardwood is Dark in colour
Softwood is Light in colour
Weight:
Hardwood is Heavy
Softwood is Light
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Difference between hardwood and softwood
Fire Resistance:
Hardwood is More fire resistant
Softwood is a Poor fire resistant
Conversion:
Hardwood is Difficult to convert
Softwood is Easy to convert
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Examples of Softwood
• Spruce Colour• White
uses• Wood pulp ,General
purpose joinery
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Examples of Softwood
Spruce lumber
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Examples of Softwood
• Scot pine Colour• Red or Yellow
Uses• Light poles, Exterior
work, Railway sleepers
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Examples of Softwood
• Scot pine lumber
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Examples of Softwood
• Red Cedar colour• Reddish Brown
Uses• Building wooden
houses , Roofing shingles
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Examples of Softwood
• Red Cedar lumber
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Examples of Softwood
• Larch Colour• Reddish-brown
Uses• Farm gates• fences
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Examples of Softwood
• Larch lumber
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Examples of Softtwood
• Douglas Fir Colour• light tan to reddish
Use• timbers, plywood. • railroad ties, mine
timbers, house logs, post and poles, fencing, and firewood..
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Examples of Softwood
• Douglas fir lumber
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Examples of Softwood
• Parana pine Colour• Light brown with
pinkish streak
Uses
General purpose joinery and building
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Examples of Softwood
• Parana Pine lumber
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Examples of Hardwood
• Oak Colour• red oak or white oak,
Uses • tables, chairs,
cabinets, bookcases • storage units • wood flooring other
construction projects.• Wine barrels
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Examples of Hardwood
• Oak Lumber
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Examples of Hardwood
• Beech Colour• light brown
Uses • an excellent firewood • furniture framing • carcass construction,
flooring • in plywood • household items
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Examples of Hardwood
• Beech lumber
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Examples of Hardwood
• Ash Colour• white
Use• Handles, furniture,
cabinets, interior joinery, sports equipment,
baseball bats, auto bodies, and some musical instruments
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Examples of Hardwood
• Ash lumber
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Examples of Hardwood
• Sycamore Colour• white to light tan,
heartwood is a darker reddish brown
Use• cutting boards and
dramatic furniture.• drawer side • Doors
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Examples of Hardwood
• Sycamore Lumber
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Examples of Hardwood
• Elm Colour• dark brown or a
strong red tone.
Uses• chest • a few chairs • outdoor furniture
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Examples of Hardwood
• Elm lumber
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summary
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1. What is the difference between hardwood and softwood?
2. Name five ways we botanical group hardwood and softwood trees
3. What type of softwood is used to make the following: Farm gate Wooden houses General joinery4. What type of hardwood is used to make the following: Garden furniture Wood tools Base ball bats