class newer routes of drug delivery
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NEWER ROUTES OF DRUG DELIVERYDr.RAGHU PRASADA M SMBBS,MDASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPT. OF PHARMACOLOGYSSIMS & RC.
New drug delivery system
1. Delayed release system2. Extended release system3. Site specific and receptor targeting4. Rate controlled delivery system-Diffusion systems –
reservoir device, matrix device, transdermal patches5. Controlled release by stimulation6. Target drug delivery system-nano particles7. Colloidal drug carriers8. Block copolymers9. Liposomes as drug carriers10. Ligand mediated targeting
New drug delivery system
11. Resealed erythrocytes12. Bioadhesives 13. Tissue engineered delivery systems14. Stent implantation in angioplasty15. Encapsulated cells16. Refillable biohybrid artificial pancreas17. Microchip delivery system18. Micro fabricated micro needles19. Powdered drug delivery
Delayed release system
Repeated intermitent dosing of a drug
Ex. Enteric coated tablets
Extended release system- maintainance of therapeutic blood and tissue levels of drug
Special drug delivery systems
Ocuserts –thin epithelial microunits Ex. Pilocarpine occusert-gloucoma
Progestaserts- intrauterine contraceptive device
Drug encapsulated in liposomes for intravenous infusion –Amphotericin B
Prodrugs
Inactive drug Levodopadopamine Procaine pencillin-G
Site specific and receptor targeting
Targeting a drug directly to a certain biological location
Rate controlled delivery system Diffusion systems –reservoir device, matrix device, transdermal patches Dissolution system-encapsulated, matrix
Transdermal DDSActive ingredient is delivered across the skin for systemic distribution.
Example: transdermal scopolamine, transdermal nitroglycerine,
Targeted drug delivery systems
Targeted drug delivery systems Colloidal drug carriers
1. micro and nano particles
2. macro molecular complex
3. Liposomes and niosomes
Ligand mediated targeting
1. Vascular compartment
2. Cellular compartment3. Intracellular 4. Monoclonal
antibodies5. Resealed erythrocytes
Nano particles
Nano particles
Gold nanoparticles in imaging
Liposomes as drug carriers
Ligand mediated targeting
1. Vascular compartment2. Cellular compartment3. Intracellular 4. Monoclonal antibodies5. Resealed erythrocytes
Reselaed erythrocytes
Hypoosmotic lysis
Bioadhesives – mucoadhesives
Tissue engineered delivery system
Nerve growth factors Bone tissues
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) as drug carriers
ImmunisationPolyclonal antibodies Single antigenic diterminants Hybridoma technology Murine MAbs- muromonab anti CD3 Chimeric MAbs- rituximab -NHL Humanised MAbs- palivizumab
Micro needle DDS
Micro mechanical DDS. Example: Intanza influenza vaccine
Iontophoretic TDS:
Uses a tiny electrical current to promote flow of drug (usually charged) through the skin.
Example: Dexamethasone.
Micro pump insulin delivery system :
It is a computerized syringe which delivers insulin into the subcutaneous tissue every few minutes in tiny amount 24 hours a day through a canula placed in the subcutaneous tissue.
Intermitenty-GnRH Contineously-Insulin
Insulin jet
Delivers insulin subcutaneously without using needle.
Achieved by pressurizing the liquid through a small orifice which creates high speed jet that can penetrate the skin and underlying tissue.
Drug eluting stent
It is a stent placed into narrowed, diseased peripheral or coronary arteries that slowly release a drug to block cell proliferation hence preventing fibrosis and re- stenosis.
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